628 DR. M. T. MASTERS: GENERAL VIEW 
Munro inthe Crimea. This has relatively small cones resembling 
that sent by Dr. Christ as Pinus Heldreichit. The cones are 
ovoid, cinnamon-coloured, the scales have a concave apophysis 
and a minute rhomboid umbo. 
P. Paroliniana of Visiani has been referred to this species, 
but, as pointed out by Karl Koch, is better placed under 
P. halepensis. This view is borne out by the marginal position 
of the resin-canals. 
The late Henry de Vilmorin, who had specially studied this 
species and varieties, proposed the following arrangement ( 
litt.) :— 
P. Laricto. 
Subsp. 1. genuina = Poiretiana. 
. ealabrica. 
- pyrenaica. 
. taurica. 
. karamana,. 
. austriaca. 
. rubra. 
. Massoniana (= Thunbergii). 
All the forms of P. Laricio have semiterete leaves with thick 
hypoderm, median, or very rarely subepidermal, resin-canals 
encircled by stereome-cells, an endoderm-sheath of 40-50 ovoid 
cells, an elliptical meristele, and a branching fibru-vascular bundle. 
Longo, in the ‘Annali di Botanica,’ Roma (1903), t.i. fasc. 2, tav. 3, 
says that in P. Laricio proper there are only one or two layers of 
hypoderm, whilst in P. nigricans there may be as many as four. 
The leaf-buds in all the varieties are ovoid or ovoid-conic, 
generally with a prolonged point. 
The male flowers are in subglobose tufts, each one cylindric, 
often somewhat twisted. 
Tn the young seedling the radicle descends vertically to a great 
distance, and has horizontal branches at rather remote intervals. 
The caulicle attains a height of 5-7 cent., and becomes ulti- 
mately somewhat woody with a greyish-brown rind. The coty- 
ledons vary from 4 to 8 in different specimens. The young 
stem-system is pyramidal, branching from the base. 
The colour of the herbaceous shoots varies in the different 
varieties, but the tint of the bark on the older portions of the 
stem (in cultivated specimens) is less variable, being usually 
dull reddish brown, peeling off irregularly in long, narrow, thin 
flakes, 
Maa ok Ww bY 
39 
