GENERA OF TAXACEX AND CONIFERS, 9 
PopocarPuws. 
A genus established by L’Héritier in 1788. The leaves vary 
in attachment and in form. The flowers are monecious or 
dicecious ; the males solitary on the ends of short axillary shoots, 
catkin-like, stipitate, stipes surrounded by perular scales. 
Anthers spirally disposed, sessile, two-lobed, dehiscing longi- 
tudinally ; connective prolonged into a short point. Pollen- 
grains with two air-sacs. Female flowers 1 or 2, lateral, stalked, 
surrounded at the base by afew bracts, which, together with the 
raphe of the ovule, the peduncle, and the outer coat of the seed, 
become fleshy. Ovule solitary, anatropous. Cotyledons two, leafy. 
The leaf-structure has been studied by Bertrand in certain 
species. In P. Manni and P. chilensis I find a thick exodermal 
layer (especially so in the first-named), palisade-cells, areolar 
cells, surrounding an undivided fibro-vascular bundle, beneath 
which is a solitary resin-canal. 
The species are natives of tropical and subtropical regions of 
both hemispheres, and occur also in Tasmania. ‘Traces of their 
existence occur in the Miocene beds of Central Europe. 
STACHYCARPUS. 
Endlicher proposed the name Stachycarpus for a section of the 
genus Podocarpus, distinguished from the remainder of the genus 
by the peduncle not becoming fleshy, “ receptaculum carnosum 
nullum.” In this section he included P. falcata, taxifolia, 
andina, ferruginea, and spicata. Bentham and Hooker, J. c. 
p- 435, include only P. spicata and P. andina, Poeppig, in this 
group. The genus Prumnopitys of Philippi (Linnwa, xxx. 731) 
is founded on the latter species. 
Quite recently Van Tieghem has gone a step further ard pro- 
posed the establishment of a new genus * for species wherein the 
fruits are on a loose spike, the axis of which does not become 
fleshy. The distinctions observed in the reproductive organs are 
correlated with other distinctions in minute structure. Thus, in 
Stachycarpus there are, according to Van Tieghem, resin-canals 
in the pericycle of the root outside the phloem of the vascular 
bundle, as in Araucaria and in Dammara, but not in other 
Taxinee@, nor in Cupressinea, nor in Abietinee proper. 
The species are natives of Chile, Australia, and New Zealand. 
* Van Tieghem, “ Stachycarpus, genre nouveau de la famille des Coniféres,” 
Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 1891, p. 163. 
