32 DR. M. T. MASTERS ON THE 
vascular bundle, surrounded by endoderm, and two resin-canals 
near to the epidermis on the lower surface. 
Van Tieghem describes the young root as having a resin- 
canal in the pericycle opposite each mass of xylem, as also in 
Pseudotsuga, Picea, and Pinus (Bull. Soe. Bot. France, 1891, 
p. 415). Resin-canals also occur in the cortex and in the 
secondary wood. The medullary rays have no pits, and isolated 
sclerous cells occur in the old bark (Schacht). 
The species are distributed over the northern hemispheres of 
both continents, and fossil remains are found in Central Europe 
in the beds of Miocene age. 
PsEUDOLARIX. 
This genus was established in 1848 by Gordon in his ‘ Pinetum,’ 
the only representative being a singular Chinese tree with deci- 
duous leaves in tufts, like those of the Larch. Some hesitation 
was felt as to the acceptance of this as a distinct genus; but now 
that the male flowers are known, there is no longer any ground 
for doubt. (See Masters in Journ. Linn. Soc., Bot. vol. xxii. 
tabb. 9, 10.) 
The male flowers are catkin-like, stipitate, pendulous, and 
borne in umbels on the apex of short thick branches or “ spurs.” 
The connective is prolonged into two sharp points, the two 
anther-lobes open lengthwise, and the pollen-grains are winged, 
as in Pinus, and very different from the simple pollen of Larix. 
The wing of the seed is obliquely lanceolate. I have not seen the 
process of germination. The distinctive criteria afforded by the 
external anatomy are supported by the differences in anatomical 
structure. The epidermisis papular. The hypoderm is disconti- 
nuous, the palisade-cells developed. The fibro-vascular bundle 
is divided and surrounded by the endoderm. Very Jarge stereome- 
cells occur between the two divisions of the bundle. The resin- 
canals are four in number and subepidermal—two lateral, two 
median. Van Tieghem * also indicates the existence of a single 
resin-canal in the centre of the young root, as in Abies, Keteleeria, 
Cedrus, Hesperopeuke, and Tsuga. The bract and scale are 
confluent at the base; but the vascular bundles which enter the 
scale are quite distinct from those which enter the bract. 
* Van Tieghem, Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 1891, p. 413. 
