BY SELF-ADAPTATION TO THE ENVIRONMENT. 263 
The flowers are small and remain only partially open. Allium 
Crameri is one fifth of an inch long, A. desertorum one fourth, 
and Dipcadi erythreum one half. In all of these the anthers 
crowd round the stigmas and pollinate them in the half-opened 
flowers (Pl. XII. figs. 30,31). Dipeadi is remarkable for having 
each stigma bifurcated, as in Euphorbia (Pl. XII. figs. 32-35); 
while Allium desertorum (P1. XII. fig. 30) has a globular stigma. 
Fig. 
DNS oP Oo bo 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XIL. 
- Petal of Erucaria aleppica. 
. Petal of Malcolmia egyptiaca. 
- Petal of Savignya parviflora. 
. Stamens and pistil of Malcolmia egyptiaca. 
. Stigma of Erucaria aleppica with closely adpressed stigmatic lobes. 
. Stamens and pistil of Savignya parviflora with globular stigma. 
. Open carpel and naked ovules of Caylusea canescens. 
. Portion of flower of Silene villosa showing position of sepal (s), petal. 
stamens, and pistil on the gynophore. 
. Pistil and stamens of Polycarpea memphitica. 
. Pistil and stamens of Reawmuria hirtella. 
. Pistil and stamens of Cassia obovata, 
. Hollow stigma of Cassia obovata. 
. Style and stigma of Astragalus bombycinus. 
. Stigma of Astragalus bombycinus. 
. Stigma of Astragalus Sieberi. 
. Hollow stigma of Pulicaria arabica. 
. Tufted stigma of Artemisia monosperma. 
. Anthers and stigmas of Senecio egyptiacus. 
. Anthers and stigmas of Franceuria crispa. 
. Floret of Broechia cinerea. 
. Stigmas of Brocchia cinerea. 
. Pollen-grain (smooth) of Centaurea egyptiaca. 
. Cleistogamous flower of Wahlenbergia cervicina. 
. Corolla of same opened, showing the position of the curved stigmas 
and anthers, 
. Corolla of Campanula sulphurea. 
. Stigmas and style of same, nearly devoid of “ collecting hairs.” 
. Hollow stigma of Linaria Helava. 
. Flower of Salvia lanigera. 
. Relative positions of anthers and stigmas in the flowers of Salvia 
egyptiaca and of S. danigera. 
. Three stamens and pistil of Allium desertorum. 
. Three stamens and pistil of Allium Crameri. 
32. 
Portion of flower of Dipcadi erythreum. 
33 & 34. Outer and inner perianth-leaves of same. 
35. 
Bifurcating stigmas of same. 
