SIR JOHN LUBBOCK ON STIPULES. 463 
lamina aquoso-hyalina, basi in sectione transversali rotundata : 
spore in ascis uniseriatim 8nx, hyaline, 8-10 p longe et 4-5 p 
late, 4-loculares.—Species colore disci et minutie sporarum in- 
signita, nulli cognitarum arcte affinis est. Habitu accedit ad 
species Medusuling, sed spore non sunt parenchymatice.—Cor- 
ticola, in Brasilia. 
34. MEDUSULINA MicRocaRPA, Muell. Arg.; thallus fusco 
pallens, maculari-tenuissimus, levis, demum evanescens ; apo- 
thecia exigua, erumpentia, circ. }-? mm. tantum longa, angusta, 
simplicia et recta, cum annulo thallino obvallante turgido sepius 
fere § mm. lata, ambitu elliptica, solitaria aut 2-3-seriatim con- 
nata; labia nigricantia, conniventia, apice subnuda, demum 
hiantia ; perithecium laterale, inferne patens, basi deficiens, 
fulvo-nigricans; spore 8nx, 15-18 p longer, 7-8 p latw, e 4-7- 
loculari modice locellose, locelli in quaque serie 2-3.—Juxta 
Medusulinam nitidam, Muell. Arg., locanda est, a qua differt 
pseudostromate purius albo, lirellis multo brevioribus et obscuris, 
margine proprio evoluta et sporis minoribus.—Corticola, prope 
Obidos in regione amazonicé: Spruce, n. 304. 
On Stipules, their Forms and Functions.—Part Il. By the 
Rt. Hon. Sir Joun Lussock, Bart., M.P., F.R.S., F.L.S. 
[Read 21st June, 1894.] 
In the twenty-eighth volume of this Journal (pp. 217-243) the 
Society has done me the honour of publishing a memoir on the 
forms and functions of Stipules, and I propose now to add some 
further observations on the same subject. Stipules serve for 
several purposes in the economy of plants, one of the most general 
being the protection of the young leaves in the bud. The young 
leaves are very delicate. Every gardener knows to his cost how 
susceptible they are to cold, and they afford a tempting food to 
insects and other animals. Moreover, their development is a slow 
process, the buds for the following spring being already formed 
in many cases during the preceding summer, even as early as 
June or July. These buds are in some cases protected by leaves, 
in others by scales, by hairs, by glands, by gum, by mucus; in 
many cases they nestle between the stem and the petiole of the 
leaf ; and, lastly, in very many they are protected by the stipules. 
