THEIR FORMS AND FUNCTIONS. 501 
than the stipules which surround them, no leaf deriving any 
protection from its own stipules. 
Axillary buds are not developed into shoots upon young plants, 
but where they might occur they are protected by the stipules, 
which often persist after the leaves have fallen. 
Stipules convolute ; base of petiole amplexicaul. 
Mackinlaya macrosciadea, F. Muell.—The stipules are adnate 
to the dilated base of the petiole, but free for more than half 
their length, the upper portion being intrapetiolar and connate 
along the anterior, but free along the posterior edges. The 
margins only are membranous, the rest being fleshy, involute, 
overlapping by their free edges, curved inwards towards the axis, 
and persistent. They are about 2°8-3 cm. long, the free portion 
being 2:2 cm., and permanently rolled together, resembling a 
small horn. 
The terminal buds are surrounded or enclosed by the dilated 
base of the petiole and by the convolute stipules of the upper- 
most or youngest expanded leaf. 
PAssIFLORES. 
In Tryphostemma trilobum, Bolus, and two other species of 
the genus, besides the small subulate stipule at the base of the 
leaf-stalk, there are on the stem above the leaf and above the 
axillary flower-peduncle two sessile, more or less sagittate ap- 
pendages, which resemble the true leaf in consistence, colour, and 
character of margin. 
In Hooker’s ‘ Icones,’ t. 1838, these appendages are described 
as stipules ; but Harms, who supplies the account of Passiflores 
for Engler & Prantl’s ‘ Pflanzenfamilien,’ says :—‘ Whether these 
leaf-structures represent parts of the stipules or belong to the 
inflorescence is questionable.” They are large enough to afford 
considerable protection to the bud, a function which the minute 
stipules could scarcely share. See also 7. apetalum, Baker fil. in 
Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. vol. iv. pl. 3. 
CUCURBITACER. 
W. Burck, “ Beitrige zur Kenntniss der myrmecophilen 
Pflanzen u. der Bedeutung der extranuptialen Nectarien,” in 
Annal. Jard. Buitenzorg, x. p. 75, refers to stipular glands, and 
figures them in Trichosanthes tricuspidata, Lour., in his pl. 11. 
2N2 
