RHAMNE^. VIII. RiiAMxus. 



31 



Leaves usually alternate. Flowers very small, yellow. Calyx 

 seldom 5-cleft. Berries 2-3-seeded. Branches twifrcry, the 

 lateral branchlets terminated in a thorn. 



Twiggij Buck-thorn. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1820. Shrub 12 ft. Flowers greenish-yellow. 

 11 R. TiNCTORius (Walds. et Kit. pi. rar. hung. 3. p. 255.) 



19 R, crenula'tus (Ait. hort. kew. 1, p. 2G3.) erect; leaves 

 oblong, somewhat serrated, permanent, smooth, netted witli vein« 

 beneatli. \ . G. Native of TenerifFe, on the mountains. 



erect ; leaves ovate, crenate-serrated ; petioles villous ; flowers 

 crowded, dioecious ; berries obcordate, 3-4-seeded. Tj . H. 

 Native of Hungary, in hcdo;cs. R. cardiospermus, Willd. herb. 

 Flowers greenish-yellow. The berries are used for dying as well 

 as tlie inner bark. 



Dijers' Buck-thorn. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1820. Sh. 8 feet. ish-yellow. 



12 R. iNFECTORius (Liu. maut. 49.) procumbent or diffuse; 

 leaves ovate-lanceolate, serrulated, smoothish ; flowers dioecious, 

 bearing petals in both sexes. Tj . H. Native of the south of 

 Europe, in rough places, and in the fissures of rocks. — Clus. 

 hist. 1. p. 111. with a figure. — Ardu. mem. 78. t. 14. Flowers 

 greenish-yellow, with two reflexed stigmas. The unripe berries 

 are much used for dyeing, and are imported in great quantities 



Creww/a/e-leaved Buck-thorn. Fl. March. Clt. 1778, Sh. G ft. 



20 R. PRUNiFoLius (Smith, prod. fl. graec. 1. p. 157. Rees' 

 cycl, no. G.) plant depressed or procumbent; leaves obovate, 

 obtuse, crenated, naked ; flowers dioecious or polygamous. T; . 

 H. Native of Crete, on the highest mountains. The female 

 flowers have usually the rudiments of stamens. Flowers green- 



into England under the name of Grain 



d'Avi<rnon or Avwnon 



berries. They are what give the yellow colour to Turkey 

 leather or yellow Morocco. 



/)2/^r5' or Avignon-berry. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1683. Shrub 

 procumbent. 



Plum-leaved Buck-thorn. Shrub depressed. 



21 R. LYcioiDEs (Lin. spec. 279.) erect ; leaves linear, quite 

 entire, obtuse, smooth ; flowers hermaphrodite. Ij . II. Native 

 of Spain, frequent on the limestone hills of Valentia. Cav. icon. 

 2. t. 182. Flowers greenish-yellow. Berries black, round, 

 2-3-seeded. 



Var. P, Arragonhisis (Asso, syn. arr. p. 27.) leaves yellowish 

 above. 



Lycium-like Buck-thorn. 

 Shrub 4 feet. 



FL Sept. Dec. Clt. 1752. 



22 R. ERYTHROXYLON (Pall. fl. ross. 2. t. G2. itin. French edit, 

 t. 90.) erect; leaves Hnear-lanccolate, quite entire or serrated. 



13 R. saxa'tilis (Lin. spec. 1671.) procumbent or erectish ; smooth; flowers hermaphrodite ; berries oblong. 17. H. Na- 



leaves ovate-lanceolate, serrulated, smoothish ; flowers dioecious, tive of Siberia, on rocks. Berries about the size of a pea, 3- 



female ones destitute of petals. Tj . H. Native of the south of seeded, Flow^ers greenish. This shrub when cultivated becomes 



Europe, among rocks, in Austria, Switzerland, Italy, and Greece. destitute of spines. The wood is orange or almost red. 



Jacq. austr. t. 5S. R. longifoHus, Mill. diet. 



Flowers greenish- 



J^ar. /3, angustissimus (D, C. prod. 2. p. 25.) leaves linear, nar- 



yellow. Berries black, containing 3 w^hitish seeds, each inclosed row, very finely serrulated. I2 • H. Native of Caucasus. R. 



lycioides, Pall. fl. ros. t. Q3. This is perhaps a distinct species. 



in a dry whitish membrane, separating into tw^o parts with 

 elastic force. The unripe berries of the species are also sup- 

 posed to be Avignon berries. See R. infectorius. Branches 



Fl. June, July. Clt. 1752. Shrub pro- 



with a few long thorns. 



Rock Buck-thorn, 

 cunibent. 



14 R. oLEoiDES (Lin. spec. 279.) diffuse or somewhat erect; 

 leaves oblong, obtuse, entire, coriaceous, smooth, w^ith netted 

 veins beneath. T2 • H. Native of Sicily, Mauritania, Spain, 



Red-wooded ]i\xc\<.-t\iOxn. Fl.July, Aug. Clt. 1823. Sh. 6 ^i. 



* * Branchlets not terminated by spines. 



23 R. rupe'stris (Vill. dauph. 2. p. 531.) procumbent, 



branched ; leaves ovate, quite entire, smooth ; flowers dioecious. 



Pj . H. Native of Dauphiny, on rocks. R. pumilus /?, rupes- 



tris, D. C. prod. 25. Flowers greenish-yellow. Stigma 3- 



cleft. 



and Greece, in the fissures of rocks. Desf. atl. 1. p. 197. jRoc^ Buck-thorn. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1752. Sh. proc. 



Flowers greenish-yellow. Berry juiceless, 2-celled, 2-seeded. 



24 R. Valenti'nus (Willd, spec. l.p. 1090.) procumbent; 



Olive-like Buck-thorn. Fl. Ju. July. Clt. 1752. Shrub 3 ft. leaves roundish, elliptical, minutely-crenato, and nearly sessile ; 

 15 R. BuxiFOLius (Poir. diet. 4. p. 463.) diffuse; leaves flowers 4-cleft, heniiaphrodite. I2 • '^' Native of Spain, on the 



ovate, quite entire, mucronate, smooth, coriaceous, green on both 

 surfaces. 



mountains of Mecca and Palomera, in the kin^^dom of Valentia. 



^ 



Native of Numidia. Flowers greenish-yel- R. pumilus, Cav. icon. 2. t. 181. Style deeply 3-parted. Drupe 



low. According to Desf this is only a variety of the preceding. dry, 3-celled. 

 Perhaps this is R. buxifolius, Brot. fl. lus. 1. p. 301. 



Box-leaved Buck-thorn. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1820. Sh. 3 ft. 



16 R. pube'scens (Poir, diet. 4. 



P 



464.) difflise ; leaves 

 h . H. Native of 



Valentia Buck-thorn. Fl. June, July. Clt. ItSlG. Sh. proc. 



25 R. WuLFE^Nii (Spreng. syst. 1. p. 702.) erectish ; leaves 

 orbicular, with cartilaginous crenate margins, veiny, silky be- 

 neath at the nerves ; stigma simple ; flowers hermaphrodite. 



ovate, quite entire, coriaceous, pubescent. 



the south of France, and of the Levant. 



fr. 2. p. 545. ed. 3. no. 4075. This is probably only a variety 



R* oleoides. 



Pubescent Bxxck-ihoxn. Fl.Ju. July. Clt. 1817. Shrub 3 feet. 



17 R. AMYGDALiNus (Dcsf. atl. 1. p. 198.) diffuse; leaves acute, crenulated, and mucronate at the apex; flowers hernia- 

 permanent, lanceolate, obtuse, almost entire, coriaceous, smooth, phrodite ; stigma 3-parted. ^ . H. Native of Naples. 



Small Buck-thorn. Fl. Ju. July. Clt. 1823. Shrub proc. 



R. oleoidcs, Lam. fl. I2 • H. Native of Austria. R. pumilus, Wulf. in Jacq. coll. 2. 



p. 141. t. 11. Flowers greenish-yellow. 



Wulf en's Buck-thorn. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1752. Sh. 2 ft. 

 26 R. pusi'llus (Ten. prod. 16.) procumbent ; leaves obovate, 



not netted beneath. Tj . H. Native of the north of Africa, 



and the islands of the Archipelago, in the fissures of rocks. 27 R. Sibthorpia'kus (Schult. syst. 6. p. 286.) diffuse ; leaves 



obovately-rhomboid, almost entire, lined, villous ; flowers dioe- 

 cious, usually digynous. I2 • H. Native of Moimt Parnassus. 

 Allied to 7?. aljunus and R.frdngula. R. pubescens, Sibth. fl. 



Flowers greenish-yellow. The Avignon berries or yellow ber- 

 ries are also obtained from this shrub, as well as from R. infeC' 

 (onus, (inctorius, saxdtilisy oleoidcs, buxifolius, and pubescens. 



Almond-like Buck-thorn. Fl. June, July. Clt. Shrub 3 feet. 



IS R, PERSiciFOLius (Moris, stirp. sard. 4to. fasc. 2.) erect; 



grace, t. 239. Flow^ers green. 



Sibthorp^s Buck-thorn. Shrub diflfuse. 



branches spiny at the apex ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, crenated, 28 R. Daiiu Ricus (Pall. fl. ross. 2. t. Gl.) erect ; leaves ob- 



obtuse, reticulately-veined, and pilose beneath. 

 of Sardinia. 



Peach-leaved Buck-thorn. Shrub. 



1 



^ 



Native 



long-ovate, serrated, smooth, veiny ; flowers dioecious, female 

 ones with bifid stigmas. ^. II. Native o^ Dahuria, on the 

 banks of the river Argun. Flowers greenish-yellow. Berries 



