60 



AQUILARINE^. I. Aquilaria. II. Ophispermum. III. Gyrinops. TEHEBINTHACEiE. 



Walla 



Tree. 



S. Native of Malacca. A. ovata, Cav. diss. 7. p. 377. t. 224. 



Bois d'Aigle, Sonnerat. The wood is whitish-yellow. Branches^ Cult. The plants of this order are not worth cultivating 



rather villous. Petioles short, hairy. Stipulas wanting. Leaves* unless in hotanical gardens ; the species will all grow in a mix- 



quite smooth. For the history of tliis tree see Lam. diet. 1. p. 49. tureof loam and peat, and cuttings will strike root in sandundet 



J 



Malacca Eagle-wood. Clt. 1823. 



1 ree. 



Native 



2 A. Agallocha (Roxb. hort. beng. p. 33.) Tp 

 of the East Indies, where it is called Ugoor or Ugooroo by the 



a hand-glass placed in heat. 



Order LXXIII. 



CEjE. Juss. gen. 368. 



natives and by Europeans Lignum^aloes or Aloe-wood, but the D. C. prod. 2. p. 61. in part. Anacardiace^, Lindl. introd. nat. 

 Alocxylon Loureirn is a very distinct plant from this and the 



following. The wood has a fine scent, and is called Agallo- 

 chum. This shrub is supposed to be the Calamhac or Agallo- 

 chum of the ancients. 



Agallochum or Aloe-wood. Tree. 

 3 A. secunda'ria (D. C. prod. 2. p. 5d.) Tj 

 the Mol 



Agallochum secundarium, Humph, amb. 2. t. 10 

 This species, according to Lamarck, differs from the preceding 

 in the leaves being gradually acuminated, not abruptly so. The 



syst. 127. 



Flowers usually unisexual, rarely hermaphrodite. Calyx 



small and permanent, with 5, or occasionally 3-4 or 7 divisions. 



Petals equal in number to the divisions of the calyx, perigynouSj 



JNative or sometimes wanting, mibricate in aestivation. Stamens equal in 



number to the segments of the calyx, pcrigynous, or twice that 

 number, or even more, equal or alternately shorter, some of 



wood of this tree has been long used as a perfume, and was them sterile ; filaments distinct, or in genera having no calycine 



formerly an article of the Materia Medica, under the names of 

 Agallochum, Lignum Aloes or Aloe-wood. This wood in its 

 natural state is white and inodorous. That which possesses the 

 peculiar aroma, for which it is valued, is supposed to be the 



disk, cohering at the base. Disk fleshy, annular, or cup-shaped 

 hypogynous, occasionally wanting. Ovary simple, very rarely 

 5-Gy of which 4 or 5 are abortive, superior, rarely inferior, 1- 



full of resinous, 



milky juice. Leaves alternate, 



consequence of a, diseased process in the tree, causing the olea- celled. Styles 1-3, sometimes 4, and sometimes wanting, witli 

 ginous particles to stagnate and concrete into resin in the inner an equal number of stigmas. Ovum solitary, attached by a 

 part of the trunk and branches, by which the natural appearance cord to the bottom of the cell. Fruit indehiscent. Seeds exal- 



of the wood is altered, so as to be of a darker colour, and of a K,,w.;r.^,,^ t7w,u ^i. ..i, • r • r.u 



fr^^rnnt «mplL Af l.n.tl. tl.. fr.o A'.^. ...1 ..X.J .^v.. .xZ ^ummous. Embryo either with a superior or mfenor radicle, 



but always directed towards the hilum, sometimes suddenly 

 curved back, with leafy or fleshy cotyledons. — Trees or shrubs, 



gummy, caustic, highly poisonous, or even 



simple, ternate, or pinnate, 

 destitute of pellucid dots. Flowers terminal or axillary. AB 

 the orders broken off from Terehinthacece, are very nearly re- 

 lated to each other, and whatever affinity is borne by one of 

 them will be participated in by all the others, in a greater or less 

 degree.. They are distinguished from lihdmnecc in their resinous 

 juice, imbricate calyx, and stamens not opposite the petals ; fton^ 



^ ' ^^^^^f^i^^^^ ^y several of the same characters and the want of al" 



II. OPHISPE RMUM (from o^tr, ophis a snake, and erTr^p/xa, ^^^^^ f,^^ I{osace<^ and Leguminosc^ by their dotted leaves 



fragrant smell. At length the tree dies, and when split the 

 resinous part is taken out. The perfumes which this wood 

 affords are highly esteemed by the oriental nations. This per- 

 fume is said to be useful in vertigo and palsy, given in the form 

 of powder ; it is recommended to restrain vomitings and alvine 

 fluxes. But it seems to contain little else than that camphora- 

 ceous matter common to many other vegetable substances. 

 Firom^ its bitter taste it has the name of aloes. The above 

 description may apply to all the species, or perhaps to Aloexylon 

 Agallbchum. See Lcgiiminbsce. 



Secondary Aloe-wood. Tree. 



Cult. See end of order for culture and propagation. 



I 



Lour. fl. coch. 281. D, C. prod. 2. p. 59. 



d) 



very minute stipulas, if any, resinous jm"ce, solitary ovum, or 



Lin. syst. Decdndria, Monogijnia. Perigone G-parted. Ur- ^7 ^ome one or other of these characters. Some of the tretf 

 ccolus 10-lobed, tomcntose, placed in the orb at the base of the contained in this order are celebrated for yielding a clammyjuicfi 

 calyx. Stamens 10 ; anthers standing. Style longer than the which is at first white and afterwards becomes black, andisuseil 



stamens, bind at the apex. Capsules compressed, opening at /• , - x.- - i a- 



.1^ „„^_ c 1 v^ * ■ . r • 1 1 1 ^^^ *or varnishing in India. 



the apex, beeds solitary, ovate, acuminate, furnished laterally ^, . f ^ ^.„ . , . ^ , ^ o ' «» 



by a long, somewhat terete, scolloped wing. This is a species Ihe varmsh from Silhet is chiefly procured from Semecarph 



oi AquUaria according to Mr. R. Brown. one kind from Anacdrdium. All these varnishes are dangerous^ 



^.^' ?^^^'?^^^ (Lour. J. c.)Jeayes lanceolajte, wavy. Fj . G. they inflame the skin and produce painful swellings. Avail- 

 able black lac or varnish is obtained from Stagmana vernt- 

 ifiua (edin. phil. journ, 6. p. 400.). A black varnish, ^^" 

 :novvn in India, is manufactured from the nuts of Semec&fP^ 



Native of China. Aquilaria Ophispermum, Poir, diet, scienc. 



nat. 18. p. 161. A. Chinensis, Spreng. syst. 2. p. 356 



Calyx 



fr 



and stamens remaining with the capsule. Perigone sometimes 

 5-parted. 



China Snake-seed. Tree 60 feet. 



Cult. See end of order for culture and propagation. 



Holigdrnia longifolia 



unk <^ 



Melanorrhcea. The leaves of some species of Schtnifsare^ 



filled with resinous fluid, that the least degree of unusual repl^ 



III. GYRINOTS (from yvpoc, gyros, a circle, in allusion to ^^o^ of the tissue, causes it to be discharged ; thus some of thefl> 



the tail of the seed). Gaert. fruct. 2. p. 276. t. 140. D. C. prod. fill the air with their fragrance after rain, and >S'. molle and soiDC 



Others expel their resin with much violence when immerseo u» 

 water, so as to have the appearance of spontaneous motion, 

 consequence of recoil. Schmus arroeira is said by St. Hila»^ 



2. p 



60. 



Lin. syst. ? Perigone tubular, short, toothless. Genitals un- 

 known. Seeds furnished with a spongy, corky, triquetrous, 

 awl-shaped tail, descending towards the bottom of the capsule. 



1 G. Wa'lla (Giert. 1. c.) h ~ ~ 



Walla 



to cause sw^ellings on those who sleep under its s 



hade. 



The 



No part but the fruit of this tree is known. fresh juicy bark%f the Arrueira shrub, S. mSlle, is used in Bra«3 



