TEREBINTHACE^. VI. Buchanakia. VIL Coniogeton. VlIL Pistacia. 



G5 



involving the ovary. Ovaries 5, concrete, or approximate, 4 

 of which are abortive, reduced to the styles. Styles therefore 5, 

 and ovary single, almost covered by the disk. Drupe obovate, 

 rather fleshy, 1-seeded. Seed recurved, resting on a funicle, 

 which rises from the bottom of the cell. — Indian trees, with 

 simple, quite entire, coriaceous, smooth, feather-nerved leaves, 

 and axillary panicles of flowers, crowded at the tops of the 

 branches. Flowers small, white. Fruit red. Nut oily. In the 

 leaves this genus appears to be allied to Mangtfera, but in 

 the fruit it is more nearly allied to Spondias, 



1 B. LATiFOLiA (Roxb. hort. beng. 32.) branches of panicle 



introduced to Italy by the emperor Vitellius, when he was legate 

 in that province. It is now to be found throughout the whole region 

 of the Mediterranean. — Pistacia officin'^rum, Hort, kew. — Black, 

 icon, t. 461. Duh.ed.nov.4.t. !?• Flowers small, brownish, green. 

 Fruit panicled, about an inch long, ovate, w^ith an oblique point, 

 reddish, well known for the sake of its nut at our tables. The 

 green internal hue of the kernel is remarkable. The P/stachia 

 or Pistach nut is brought from several parts of Asia, chiefly from 

 Aleppo and Persia. When wrapped in all its coats, it is the 

 size of a green almond, but when stript of all but its shell it 

 resembles a small nut. The kernel is red without, and green 



hairy, crowded w^ith flowers, assuming the appearance of a corymb within, and its taste very agreeable. Pistachias have been 



at the tops of the branches. T2 • S. Native of the East Indies. reckoned aperitive, and proper to give vigour, and used in cmul- 



Leaves 6 inches long, and 3 broad, blunt at both ends. Fruit 



eatable ? 



Broad-leaved Buchanania. Clt. 1820. Tree 30 feet. 



2 B. angustifolia (Roxb. hort. beng. 32.) branches of pani- 

 cle smooth, rather loose, axillary. Tj . S. Native of the East 

 Indies, particularly in Mysore. Mangifera axillaris. Lam. diet. 



sions, &'c. in phthisical and nepliritical cases. They also enter 

 into several ragouts, and are comfited, made into conserves, &c. 

 The fruit is rarely eaten raw, because of the ill cflTects it jiro- 

 duces. There is a kind of false Pistachia nut brought from the 

 West Indies, wliich is sometimes confounded with the real one. 

 7V«6' Pistachia-nut-tree. FI. Ap. May. Clt. 1770, Tree 20 h. 



3. p. G97. Spondias simplicifolia, Rottl. in Willd. nov. act. nat. 2 P. keticula'ta (Willd. spec. 4. p. 751.) leaves ternate and 



cur. ber. 4. p. 87. Lundia mangiferoides, Puer. herb. Cambes- pinnate, with roundish, abrupt, somewhat pointed leaflets, wliich 



sedea, Kunth, gen. tereb. p. 4. Leaves oval-oblong, 3-4 inches taper to the base, and are strongly reticulated with prominent 



long, 1^ broad, blunt or emarginate at the apex. Fruit the size veins ; fruit roundish-oval, obtuse. Tj . H. Native of Sicily 



of a large cherry, and perhaps eatable. 



Narrow-leaved Buchanania. Clt. 1820. Tree 50 feet. 



3 B. lance^folia (Roxb. 1. c.) T2 . S. Native of Chitta- 

 gong, in the East Indies. This species is only known by name. 



Lance-leaved Buchanania. Tree. 

 ^ Cult. A light loamy soil is the best for these trees, and 



ripened cuttings will root freely in sand under a hand-glass, in 

 heat. 



yil. CONIOGETON (meaning unknown). Blum, bijdr. 



Lin. syst. Decdndrm, Tetra-Pentagynia. Calyx inferior, 5- 

 parted. Petals 5. Stamens 10, equal. Ovaries 4-5, 1-styled, 

 1-ovulate, girded by a denticulated urceolus. Stigmas obtuse. 

 ^rupe solitary, baccate, containing a 1-seeded lenticular nut. 

 A tree, with alternate, simple, cuneate-oblong, obtuse, quite 

 entire, smooth leaves ; flowers in terminal panicles. 



and Syria. P. trifolia, Lin. spec. 1454. P. Narbonensis, Lin. 

 spec. 1454. — Bocc. mus. 2. t. 93. Leaflets usually 5, rarely 3, 

 when young downy at the margin. The fruit of this species is as 

 good as the true Pistachia-nut. 



Reticulated-lGaved Pistachia-nut. Fl. April, Aug. Clt. 1752. 

 Tree 20 feet. 



3 P. Terebi'nthus (Lin. spec. 1455-) leaflets usually numer- 

 ous, ovate-lanceolate, rounded at the base, acute, and mucro- 

 nate at the apex. ^ . H. Native of the south of Europe, and 

 north of Africa. Woodv. med. hot. 415. t. 153. — Blackw. t. 

 478. Duh. arb. ed. 1. vol. 2. t. 87. P. vulgaris, Tourn. inst. 

 579, There is a fine female tree of this species in Chelsea gar- 

 den, near the gate, which for want of male blossoms can never 

 perfect its fruit. Leaves with 3 to G pair of leaflets, with an odd 

 one. Their red hue when young is beautiful. Flowers in large 

 compound panicles. Anthers dull-yellow. 

 Fruit hardly bigger than a large pea. Galls of the same shape 



Stigmas 



crimson. 



Jav 



1 C. arbore'scexs (Blum, bijdr. 1156.) ^. S. Native of are found on the leaves, and very large oblong ones like legumes 



are often produced from the young branches. The resin of this 

 tree is the Chian or Cyprus-turpentine, generally preferred for 

 medical use to what is obtained from the fir tribe, but it is 

 scarcely to be had without adulteration. This resin is obtained 

 by wounding the bark of the trunk in several places, during the 

 month of July, leaving a space of about 3 inches between the 

 wounds ; from these the turpentine is received on stones, upon 



Arhorescent Coniogeton. Tree 30 feet. 



Cult. For culture and propagation see Buchanania. 



All. PISTA'CIA (TTiora/cia is altered from the Arabic word 



/',, - ..,., 



«u. Kunth, gen. tereb. p. 7. 

 thus, Juss, gen. 371, 



Lin. gen. no. 1108. Lam. ill. t. 



D. C. prod. 2. p. C4. — Terebin- which it becomes so much condensed by the coldness of tlie 



night, as to admit of being scraped off with a knife, which is 



AI /^ ^^ST. Dice\ia^ Pentdndria, Flowers dioecious, apetalous. always done before sunrise ; in order to free it from all extra- 



I a e ones disposed in amentaceous scaly racemes, with a flower neous admixture it is again liquified by the sun's heat, and 



each scale. Calyx 5-cleft. Stamens 5 ; anthers almost ses- passed through a strainer ; it is then fit for use. The quantity 



w'th ^^^^^^^^^' Female flowers disposed in more loose racemes, produced is very inconsiderable, 4 large trees, CO years old, 



j)'^^^ ^ ^"'^■^^eft calyx. Ovary 1-3-celled. Stigmas 3, thickish. only yielding 2 pounds 9 ounces and 6 drachms, but in the 



cell'^T ^ ^^'^fe» containing a somewhat bony nut, usually 1- eastern part of Cyprus and Chio the trees afford somewhat more, 



cpll c^ 1 ^"^^^^e^» sometimes bearing laterally 2, abortive though still so little as to render it very costly, and on this 



e s. ^eeds solitary in the cells, fixed to the bottom of the " ' ,.,... - n --i .1-- .-- 



cells, without albumen. 



ropeno 



Cotyledons thick, fleshy, oily, with a penti 



though still so little as to render it very costly, and on this 

 account it is commonly adulterated, especially with other tur- 



lateral radicle. Trees with pinnate leaves. 

 insist SiT^^ i^pari-rinnate, deciduous. ^ " 



tanlX' ^^'r ^ ^^^"- ^P^^- 1454.) leaves pinnate ; 

 ^P^nng a htt e to the base, rather mucronate at t 



The best Chio turpentine is usually about the con- 



Tourn 



leaflets ovate, vol. iv. 



sistence of thick honey, very tenacious, clear, and almost trans- 

 parent, white, inclining to yellow, and of a fragrant smell, mode- 

 rately warm to the taste, but free from acrimony and bitterness. 

 For the medicinal qualities of the turpentine, see Pinus Larix, 



^^» pointed, h 



VOL. IT 



the apex ; fruit 

 Native of Syria, from whence it has been 



/3, sphcerocdrpa (D. C. prod 



K 



species 



J. Bauh. hist. 1. p. 278. with a 



