TEREBINTHACE^. IX. Astuonium. X. Melanorrh(ea. XL Comocladia. 



67 



Cult. All the hardy species require to be planted in a shel- are removed, and their contents emptied into a basket pre- 



tered situation, or against a wall ; they may either be increased viously varnished over. Sometimes a hundred bamboos may be 



by seeds, layers, or ripe cuttings planted under a hand-glass. seen sticking into the tree at once during the collecting season, 



The greenhouse kinds grow well in a mixture of loam and sand, which lasts as long as the tree is destitute of leaves, namely, 



and ripened cuttings will root in sand under a hand-glass. 



from January until April, and they are renewed as long as the 

 juice will flow. In its pure state it is sold at Prome at the rate 

 of one tical or 2^. GiL the viss, and at Martahan 2 Madras 



loi r n/-* T^ .1. ' X 1, ^ T\ r^ 1 *^ ^,- rupees the viss, althoufih of an inferior quality to that sold at 



181. I. 96. Kmith. gen. tereb. p. 9. U. C. prod. 2. p. Q5. u ' ^ u«- n • i •*! -i r c a ^ 



T n- V • 7> .' J • r-i ^ T • i^ 1 rrome, bemg usually mixed with oil oi Sesamun. A tree is 



Lin. syst. Vice eta, rcntandria. r lowers dioecious. Calyx a ^a t. ^ n ^ n a * n • i • i 



n ^ 1 J 1 -n . 1 c . AT 1 n •='• '^ j-^ reckoned to produce 2 to 3 or 4 viss annually, a viss beui^ equal 



01 5 coloured sepals. Jretals 5, ovate. Male flowers with a * oin x? .• i r i t, 1 1 r •/ i .• i ? 



,. 11 ^ J 1 i-.i 1 ,^ ■ 1 T 1 z, ^ to 3|lbs. Lvery article of household furniture destined to con- 



to the shape of the calyx w^hen expanded). Jacq. amer. 261. t. 



spreading corolla and calyx. Glands 5 in the disk. Stamens 5. 



tain solid or liquid food is lacquered over with it. The article 



Lalyx and corolla ot the female flower connivcnt and permanent. -^ u^ ,.^^. : i i -.i -^ ^ ^ i i -^u i * ^ \ 



P / Pf fl . • 1 ^ 11 1 T T> 1 *^ "^ varnislied witli it must be prepared with calcined bones, 



Calyxes after flowering accrete, and stellatcly spreading. Petals 

 much smaller. 



after which the varnish is laid on thinly, either in its pure state 



vary 1. btyles S, reflexed. Pericarp mem- • i i i t'i r i • • xi \l v/y» i-l 



I • 1 1* ^ n ^ . \ 11 CI ^Y^"U' "'^*" or variously coloured. Iheprocessof drying is the most diflicult 



branous, mdehiscent, oblong, acute, 1 -seeded. Seed pendulous, ^ *. i • /r *. i • i i i i i. ^i, 



A..fU.iL .r .iKn^o ' ...ui.Hl;.v m\i ,.i.,i... £4 .„ .. ' P^^^^ ^^^"g effected in a very slow and gradual manner by the 



destitute of albumen, with tliick oblong cotyledons, and an ob- 

 lique radicle. — A small tree, abounding every where in a nause- 

 ous clammy turpentine juice. Leaves impari-pinnate, smooth. 

 Flowers in loose panicles. After the fruit in the female plants, 



articles thus varnished being placed in subterraneous vaults for 

 several months. The drug is also used as a size glue in the pro- 

 cess of gilding ; nothing more being required than to besmear the 

 surface of the article to be gilded with it, and immediately to 



and the flowers in the male plants have fallen oflT, new branches ^ ^^ n i r ir -^ -^ • 1^ ^4 i * • i 



/. .T ^ v^ t, Kjxxy ii^yy uxuiiv^iiK.^ apply the gold leaf. If it is considered how very extensively 



are put forth. 



1 A. GRAVE^OLENs (Jacq. 1. c.) ^2 



Native of Cartha- 



Marth 



that art is practised by the Burma nation, it being among their 

 most frequent acts of devotion and piety to contribute to the 



odd one, stalked, ovate, acuminated, a little serrated. 

 Slronff'scented Astronium. Tree 20 feet. 



J^eaHets 3 pairs, with an ^M\ng of their numerous reli-rious edifices and idols, it will be 



evident that a great quantity of the drug must be consumed for 

 that purpose alone. Finally, the beautiful Pali writing of the 



Lult. A mixture ot loam and peat will answer this tree, and v • i ^ .1 -o • i i ^1 



'^^^ 7 .,. .„ ^ . , A , 111.7 religious order 01 the Burmas on ivory, palm-leaves, or metal, 



ripened cuttings will root in sand under a hand-glass in heat. ^ j 1 » » 



ORRHCE 



is entirely done with this varnish in its native and pure state. 

 Useful Black varnish-tree. Clt, 1828. Tree 100 feet. 

 Cult. For culture and propagation see Astrbnhim. 



\ 



iro- 



COMOCLA 



black, and ptw, rJico, to flow ; the tree when wounded yields a 

 black juice). Wall. pi. rar. asiat. 1. p. 9, t. 11, 12. 



Lin. syst. Polydndria^ Monogynia. Flowers herma;^ 

 dite. Sepals 5, cohering valvately into a 5-nerved caducous Iclados, a branch ; the leaves are crowded at the tops of the 

 calyptra. Petals 5, rarely 6, imbricate In aestivation, perma- branches). P. Browne, jam. 124. Jacq. amer. 12. Lam. ill. 



t. 27. Kunth, gen. tereb. p. 9. D. C. prod. 2, p. 65. — Dodo- 



nent, borne beneath the fruit. Style 1, rather lateral in the 

 vertex of the ovarium, crowned by a small convex stigma. 

 Fruit indehiscent, coriaceous, depressedly reniform, oblique, 

 pedicellate, furnished with a stellately spreading corolla-like 

 involucre. Seeds exalbuminous. Cotyledons fleshy, thick. 

 Radicle lateral, lying in the fissure of the cotyledons. Large Stigma 



nae^a. Plum, but not of Lin. 

 Lin. syst. 



Monogyn 



Flowers herma- 



phrodite or monoecious. Calyx 3-4-parted, permanent. Petals 

 3-4, lon^, large. Stamens 3-4, short. Ovary 1. Style none. 



Ovum rather 



1. 



trees, with the habit of Semccdrpus^ full of viscid ferruginous 



juice, beconiing black on exposure to the atmosphere, wnth large, is 



simple, deciduous leaves, and panicles of flowers. " 



1 M. usita'ta (Wall. 1. c. p. 9.) leaves obovate, very blunt, 

 villous. ' ~ "" 



Drupe 



ovate, 1 -celled, 1 -seeded, 

 pendulous, fixed to the bottom of the ovary by a funicle which 

 curved at the apex. Albumen none. 



Cotyledons thick- 



^ 



apex. 



Radicle superior, curved- 



every where in clammy juice. Leaves impari-pinnate, with 



South American trees, abounding 



well as in the Burmese empire, on the banks of the Irrawadi 

 where it is called Thect-tsee or Zit-sL This is identica 



, Native of Hindostan, in a large valley called opposite leaflets. Flowers small, purple, sometimes 4-cleft, on 



Kadbbu, in the kingdom of Munipur, Silhet, and Tipperah, as short pedicels, disposed in loose branched panicles. 



1 C. iLiciFOLiA (Swartz, 2. fl. ind. occ. 1. p. 75.) leaflets ovate 



„ ^. ^ _ -dentical or roundish, sessile, smooth, with spiny angles; spines 1-3 on 



with the majestic Kheu or varnish-tree of Munipur, on the each side. ^2 • ^- Native of the West Indies, on calcareous 



north-east frontier districts of Silhet and Tipperah. Mr. M. R. rocks. Flowers small, of a deep red colour, without scent. 



Smith, who has resided a long time in Silhet, considers this the Leaves long. Dodonaea, Plum. ed. Burm. t. 118. f. 1. I' lex 



same as the varnish-tree of the Chinese, in the eastern and north Dodonae'a, Lin. spec. 182- C. tricuspidata. Lam. act. par 



1784. p. 347. and C. ilicifolia, Lam. ill. t. 27. f. 2. C. angu- 

 losa, Willd. spec. 1. p. 188. Petioles puberulous. There is a 



/3. .. . . . 



Native of Porto 



both surfaces as well as the petioles 



Rico. 



C. glabra, Sprenjr, syst. 1. p. 176. 



CJt. 1778. 



eastern provinces. It is procurable in great quantities from 



^iunipur, where it is used for painting river craft, and for var- , ^ ^ 



nishing vessels destined to contain liquid. The drug is conveyed varjety with angular leaves, not spiny. 



to Silhet for sale by the merchants. On being handled it occa- 

 sions extensive erysipetalous swellings, attended with pain and 

 ^ver, but never of long duration. In the neighbourhood of 

 Jerome a considerable quantity of varnish is extracted from the 



ree, but very little at Martaban, owing, it is supposed, to the 

 poorness of the soil, and partly also to there being none of the 

 people in that part whose business is to perform the process, 

 although It is very simple. Short joints of a thin sort of bara- 



oo, sharpened at one end, and shut up at the other, are inserted 

 bra *lf' "'"8 direction into holes made in the trunk and principal 



inches, and left thpr«» fr»i- OA «f Aft Vir..iro . ^iftor wliiVVi f\ie>v 



h 



Holly-leaved Maiden Plum. 



2 C. acumina'ta (Moc. et S 



Tree 20 feet. 



fl. mex. icon. ined. D. C. 



prod. 2. p. 65.) leaflets sessile, lanceolate, acuminated, smooth, 

 somewhat cordate at the base, with 6-7 spiny teeth on each side. 



An intermediate species between 



Ikifdlia and C. dentata. Flowers dark red. Stamens op- 

 posite the petals in the figure quoted above. 

 Acumtnated'lt^yedi Maiden Plum. '^''•'^'* 



\ 



Native of Mexico. 



Iree 20 feet. 



Kg 



