80 



BURSERIACE^. I. Boswellia. 



^.^^ wrinkled or plaited or fleshy. Radicle superior, straight, turned 7 Colopho'nia. Calyx urceolate, 3-Iobed. Petals 3, in- 



^' towards the hilum. — Trees or shrubs, abounding in balsamic serted under the disk, imbricate in aestivation. Stamens 6 



rejin or gum. Leaves alternate, unequally pinnate, occasionally Disk 6-toothed. 



stipulate, usually without pellucid dots. Flowers axillary or 8 Caxa'kium. Flowers dioecious or polygamous. Calyx 



terminal, disposed in racemes or panicles. This order differs 3-toothed. Petals 3, imbricate in aestivation. Stamens 6, Disk 



from Terehinthacece, to which it is closely allied, in the com- urceolate. Ovary 3-celled. Style short, crowned by 3 punc- 

 pound ovary and pinnate leaves, and also in the very generally 



valvate aestivation of the calyx. The plants abound in a fra- ^ Hedwigia, Flowers polygamous or hermaphrodite. Calvx 



grant resinous juice, which, however, is destitute of the 4-toothed, Petals 4, concrete to the middle, valvate in aesti- 



acridity and staining properties of that of Terehinthacece. The vation. Stamens 8, adnate to the corolla. Disk cup-shaped, 



resin of BoswclUa is used in India as incense, and also as pitch. 8-lobed. Ovary 4-celled, 8-furrowed. Stigma sessile, 4- 



It is hard and brittle, and according to Dr. Roxburgh, is boiled furrowed. Berry 4-furrowed, containing 4 nuts, one of which 



with some low-priced oil to render it soft and fit for use. The only comes to maturity, 



native doctors prescribe it mixed with ghee (clarified butter) in 10 Sorinde'ia. Flowers polygamo-dioecious. Calyx'lirceo- 



tiform stigmas. Drupe baccate, containing a 3-celled nut. 



cases of gonorrlioca, and also in what they call rttta. A sub- ^^te, 5-toothed. Petals 5, valvate in aestivation. Stamens about 



stance like gum elemi is produced by Ictca Icicariha and /. Ca- 20 (lG-28), inserted in the bottom of the calyx in the male 



rtfwflr, and a yellow essential oil by Burscraacimhiaiay which has flowers, and 5 fertile in the hermaphrodite ones. Stigmas 3, 



the same properties as those of balsam of capaiva ; the 3-horned sessile. Drupe containing a filamentose nut. 



nutsofCananumco?«wi«ne are eaten in Java both raw and dressed, H Garuga. Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx campamilate 



and an oil is expressed from them which is used at table when 5-toothed. Petals 5, inserted in the calyx as well as the stamens 



fresh, and for lamps when boiled. The raw nuts, however, are ^vhich are 10 in number, with 5 pairs of glands between tlie 

 apt to bring on diarrhoea. 



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 I 



Synopsis of the Genera 



X 5- 



1 Boswe'llia. Flowers licrmaplirodite (f. 16.). Cal> 

 tootlicd (f. ]G. a.). Petals 5 (f. IC. c), with the edges incum- 

 bent hi a'stivatlon. Disk cnp-shapcd (f. IG. h.), crcnated, sta- parted' 



stamens. Style filiform, crowned by a 5-lobed stigma. Drupe 

 fleshy, containing 5 irregular 1 -seeded nuts, or only 2-3 from 

 abortion. 



12 Ela'piirium. Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx 4-parted. . 

 Petals 4. Stamens 8. Style short, crowned by a bif ' * 

 Capsule 1 -celled, 1 -seeded. Seeds covered with pulp. 



Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx 3-4 



stisrma. 



13 Fagara'strum. 



a 



Petals 3-4. Stamens 6-8, unequal. Ovary stipitate, 

 with the stipe bearing the petals and stamens, tubercled, 3-4- 



3-4-lobed at the apex. 



miniterous. Stamens 10 (f. 16. dX Style crowned by 



capitate sti^^na. Capsule trigonal (f. 16 O 3-valved 3 celled ^^ T T'^" """^ '""^ P"'"*'' '^"'^ '''"^^ 

 ^La v. -in '.= ' "\^'- •""• ^•^' "^ ^^^^">' -^-c^i^^a- lobed at the apex, 3-4-ceed ; cells 2-ovulate 

 Seeds solitary m the cells, girded by a membrane. ' ovulate. 



2 Balsamode'ndron. Flowers unisexual. Calyx 4 -toothed. 

 Petals 4, induplicately-valvate in aestivation. Stamens 8, in- 

 serted under the annular disk, with elevated warts between them. 

 Ovary 1. Style 1, short, obtuse. Berry or drupe ovate, acute, 



Style 3-4-ang 



led 



I 



marked by 4 sutures, 1-2-celled; cells 1 -seeded. 



I. BOSWE'LLIA (in memory of the late Dr. John Boswell, 

 ^^-^ '-^ " ' " - Kunthi 



of Edinburgh). Roxb. cor. t. 207. hort. beng. p. 32. 

 gen. tereb. p. 16. D. C. prod. 2. p. 76. 



Lin. syst. Dccdndria, Monogijnia. Flowers hermaphro- 

 dite (f. 16.). Calyx 5-toothed (f. 16. «.), permanent. Petals 5 



I 



3 IcicA. Flowers usually hermaphrodite. Calyx 4-5-toothed. 



Petals 4-5, inserted under the disk, valvate in estivation. Sta- /rir n", ' ,, ^ ^' ^ ^ 



mens 8-10. Ovary 4-5-celled; cells 2-ovulate. Diskorbiculir I •' ^•>>' .^'^o.^^^^-ob «"g, spreading, with the margins incuffl- j 



c, 1 1 , , . J-'is.K ormcular. bent in aestivation. Disk cup-shaped, crenate rf 16 6 \ staiW- 



Style short, crowned by 3-i st.gmas. Fruit coriaceous, 2-3- niferous, surrounding the basl of the ovary sLens 10 (f. 16- 



</.). Ovary oblong, trigonal, 3-celled; cells 2-ovulate; ora 

 attached to the axis. Style 1. Stigma capitate, 3-furrowed. 

 Capsule trigonal (f. 16.e.), 3-valved, 3-celled, opening from tlK 

 base. Seed solitary in the cells, girded by a broad membra- 

 nous wlnET.— Indian trees abounding in balsam. Leaves impari- 



,alved, containing 4-5 little, 1-seeded nuts involved in pulp. 



4 PiioritM. Flowers unisexual. Calyx 5-clcft. Petals 5, in- 

 serted under the disk, valvate in aestivation. Stamens 10. Style 

 1. Disk truncate, 10-ribl)cd. Drupe indehiscent, containino- 



3 nuts, 2 of which are usually abortive ° """" T '"^-.-T"'"""- " ''''^ """""tung m oaisam. l^eaves 104-.. 



, l\ ^ ''i^orti%e. pinnate, with opposite serrated leaflets. Flowers small, disposed 



o 151 RSE HA. lowers polygamous (f. 18.). Calyx small, »« racemes or panicles. This genus differs from the rest of 



3-5-parted. Petals 3-5 (f. 18. i.), valvate in jestivation. " 



Stamens G-10 (f. 18. c). Disk annular, 8-crenate (f. 18. d.). 

 Ovary 5-cclled. Style short, trifid. Drupe (f. IS. c), 3- 

 valved, containing 3 I-2-seeded nuts, 2 of which are abortive. 



6 Maiu'uma. Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx 5-cleft. Pe- 

 tals 5, valvate in .-estivation. Disk entire. Stamens 10. Ovary 



Btirseriacece in the fruit being capsular, not drupaceous. 



1 B. GLA bra (Roxb. cor. 3. p. 4. t. 207.) leaflets broad, lan- 

 ceolate, blunt, serrated, smooth : racpmps aaarpante. simp'^' 



f 

 ^ 



Rumpli. 



5-celled. 



Stigma nearly sessiU*, soniewliat 5-lobed. D 



containing 1-5 1 -seeded nuts, covered with pulp. 



rupe 



serrated, smooth ; racemes aggregate 

 terminal, shorter than the leaves. T2 . S. Native of Coroman 



del and the Moluccas. _. „ ^ _._ 



therefore Canarium balsamiferum, Willd. spec. 4." p. 7C0. This 

 IS one of the largest trees on the coast of Coromandel, ^vherej 

 IS called Gfigulojwotschitioo. The wood is hard, heavy, ^ 

 durable. The wounded bark yields a kind of resin, which ij 

 burnt as incense in the Hindu temples, and is also employe^ 



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4 



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