84 



BURSERIACE^. V. Bcrsera. VI. Marignia. VII. Colophonia. VIII. Canarium. 



Calyx small, 3-5-toothed, with blunt teeth. Petals 3-5 (f. 18. 



VI. MARrGNIA (meaning unknown.) Comm. med. Kunth. 



3-5-angled, 3-5-seeded. Style short, trifid at the apex. Drupe 



b.)y spreading, valvate in aestivation. Stamens 6-10 (f. 18. c). nov. gen. tereb. p. 19. D, C. prod. 2. p. 79. — Dammara, Gaert. 

 Disk annular, with usually 6-10 teeth (f. 18. d.). Ovary ovate, fruct. 2. p. 100. t. 103. but not of Lam. nor Lmk. 



Lin. syst. Decdndria, Monogynia, Flowers hermaphrodite. 

 oblong, covered by a 3-valved succulent rind (f. 18. e.), con- Calyx 5-cleft, permanent, with acute lobes. Petals 5, twice as 

 taining S-5 nuts, 2 or 4 of which are abortive, the fertile one long as the calyx, valvate in aestivation. Disk entire. Stamens 

 is fleshy, and containing 1 seed or 1 nut. Seed baccate ac- 10, length of calyx. Ovary roundish, 5-celled. Stigma almost 

 cording to Swartz, pendulous, without albumen. Cotyledons sessile, somewhat 5-lobed. Drupe crowned by the stigma, con- 

 taining 1-5 1 -seeded nuts, with the bark coriaceous, and perhaps 



Seed pendulous, without 



albumen. Cotyledons leafy, finely contortuplicate (Gsert.), but 



—Balsam- 



leafy, corrugated, and plaited or 3-lobed, with a straight su- 

 perior radicle. — American balsam-bearing trees, with impari-pin- soluble ; nuts covered with pulp, 

 nate or simple leaves, and axillary and terminal racemes of flowers. 



1 B. GUMMiFERA (Jacq. amer. 94. t. Q5. Lin. spec. 741.) flat in the immature seeds (Kunth.). Radicle superior. 



leaves deciduous, usually impari-pinnate ; leaflets ovate, acute, 

 ineml)ranous ; racemes axillary ; flowers hexandrous. Tj , S, 

 Native of the West Indies. — Sloan, hist. t. 199. There are va- 

 rieties of tliis plant with simple, trifoliate, and impari-pinnate 

 leaves, with 5-b leaflets. Nut not exactly trigonal, but rather 

 roundish, very like Pisfaclua. The tree is common in all tlie 

 sugar islands of the West Indies. 



iferous trees, with impari-pinnate leaves, and numerous coriace- 

 ous, variable leaflets. Racemes of flowers axillary and ter- 

 minal. 



1 M. OBTUsiFoLiA (D. C. prod. 2. p. 79-) leaflets obovate, 

 obtuse, "fj . S. Native of the Mauritius, where it is called 

 Colophane Dalard. Bursera obtusifolia. Lam. diet. 2. p. 768. 



The bark is very thick, and Dummaragrav^olens, Gsert, fruct. 1. c. Leaflets blunt, glaucous 



» 



exudes a clear transparent resin, vvhicli soon hardens in the air, 

 and looks like the mastick of the shops ; but by incision it yields 

 a considerable quantity of a more fluid substance, which has 

 much the smell and appearance of turpentine, and may be 

 used for the same purposes. In the French islands it is called 

 Gommier hlanCy and an infusion of the buds and young leaves 

 is recommended in disorders of the breast. 



^ Far. /3, polyj^Injlla (D. C. prod. 2. p. 78.) leaflets 11-13. 

 Native of the Bahama islands. Cat. carol. 1. t. 30. 

 Gum-hearing Rursera. Clt. 1G90. Tree 80 feet. 



and shininir above. 



Blunt-leaved Marignia. Tree 50 feet. 



Tj.S. 



2 M. AcuTnoLiA(D. C. prod. 2, p. 79.) leaflets acute. 

 Native of the Moluccas. Dammara nigra, Rumph, amb. 2. p^ 

 IGO. t. 52. 



^cute-leaved Marignia. 



Tree. 



FIG. 18. 



2 B. serra'xa (Wall, ex Coleb. 

 in Lin. trans, vol. 15. t. 4. f. 1.) 

 leaves impari-])iunato, with 3-5 

 pairs of broad-lanceolate, bluntly- 

 acuminated, serrulated leaflets ; 

 petioles pubescent, as well as the 

 pedicels and young roots ; j)anicles 

 axillary, shorter tlian the leaves ; 

 flowers decandrous. ^2 , S. Native 

 of the forests bordering on Ben- 

 gal. The timber is close-grained 

 and hard, and is nuich esteemed, 

 and used for furniture by the in- 

 habitants. It is as tough as oak, 

 and heavier. Its vernacular name 



Najor or Neyor. 

 Scrratcd-lciived Bursera. 

 1818. Tree 70 feet. 



3 B. acumina'ta (Willd. spec. 4. p. 1120.) leaves impari- 

 pinnate; leaflets oblong, acute at the base, acuminated at the 



Cull. For culture and propagation see Bosrvellia, p. 81. 



VII. COLOPHO^NIA (called in the Isle of France Boisde 

 CoIo2)hone). Comm. ined. Kunth. gen. tereb. p. 20. D. C.prod. 





79. 



Clt. 



apex ; racemes axillary. Vi . S. Native of Caraccas, as well as 

 of Porto-Rico and St. Domingo. Flowers and fruit unknown. 

 This tree contains a concrete yellow essential oil. 



/4cu7mnated-\eaved Bursera. Tree 60 feet. 

 4 B. LEi'ToniLj-'os (Mart.bot. zeit. July 1828.) trunk branched 

 at the base ; bark shining, smooth, papvraceoiis, soluble ; leaves 



Lin. syst. HexAndria, Monogpiia. Calyx urceolar, bluntly 

 3-lobed. Petals 3, inserted under the disk, roundish-ovate, 

 imbricate in the bud. Stamens 6, one-half shorter than the 

 petals, equal in length to the calyx. Disk 6-lobed. Ovary? 



Resinous trees, with impari-pinnate, coriaceous, dotless leaves, 

 and panicles of unisexual flowers. 



1 C. Maukitia NA (D. C. prod. 2. p. 79.) Tj . S. Native of 

 the Mauritius. Bursera paniculata. Lam. diet. 2. p. 768. 

 Flowers purple. Fruit unknown. Leaflets 5-7, oval, acute, 

 entire, smooth. 



Mauritian Colophonia. Tree. 



Cult. For culture and propagation see Boswellia, p. 81. 



VIIL CANA^RIUM (derived from its vernacular name 

 Canari^ in the Malay language). Lin. mant. 127. Gaert. fruct. 

 2. t. 102. Keen. ann. hot. 1. p. SCO. Kunth. gen. tereb. p. 20. 

 D. C. prod. 2. p. 79. — Pimela, Lour. fl. coch. p. 407. 



LtN. sYST. Polygamiaj Dicecia. Flowers dioecious or poly- 

 gamous. Calyx urceolate, 3-toothed. Petals 3, concave, con- 

 nivent, imbricate in aestivation. Stamens 6, 

 at the base into a tube girding the ovary. 

 3-celled, 2 of which a 



ly 7-8, connate 



Ovary ovate-globose, 



usually abortive. Style short, thick* 



crowned by a trigonal stigma. Drupe baccate, containing a ^"' 



gonal 3-celled nut, each cell containing 1 pendulous seed, but 



sometimes solitary from abortion, destitute of albumen. Cotj- 



impari-plmuite, and are, as well as the branches, pubescent; leaf- ledons 2, each divided into 3 oblong, somewhat leafy lobef, 



Lidian trees, with imparl- 



lets 5-7, oblong, acute ; lobed in front; racemes few-flowered, 

 lateral and axillary. Tj . S. Native of Brazil. A tree full of 

 thin resinous juice. 



which are twisted in various ways. , 



pinnate leaves and stalked leaflets; stipulas deciduous. Flowers 

 racemose orpanicled. 



Thin-juiced Bursera. Tree 50 feet. 



5 B. siMPLiciFOLiA (D. C. prod. 2. p. 79.) leaves simple, ob- Sect. L Cana ria (see genus for derivation). D. C. prod. 2 



long-obovate, obtuse, somewhat emarginate, coriaceous ; racemes 

 terminal, somewhat corymbose ; nut exactly trigonal, with the 

 angles a little winged. ^ . S. Cultivated in Jamaica. 



Simple-leaved Bursera. Tree. 



Cult. For culture and propagation see Boswclliay p. 81. 



p. id. Drupe containing a 1-celled nut when mature. 



1 C. coMMU^'E (Lin. mant. 127.) leaflets 7-9, on long stalH 

 ovate-obloug, bluntly acuminated, quite entire, smooth ; stipu'as 

 toothed or undivided ; panicle terminal ; flowers glomerate, 

 nearly sessile, bracteate ; stamens connate into a membranoi^ 





