LEGUMINOS^. LXX. Trifolium. 



183 



ovate-conical, pedunculate; calyxes very much nerved : segments of T. pratense, but the stipulas are longer, and the leaflets are 



half spreading, about equal in length to the corolla. 

 Native of Europe. Flowers cream-coloured. 



©. H. narrower. Flowers purple. 



Co«2Cfl/-headed Trefoil. Fl. Jul. Aug. Clt, 1816. PL ^ to 1 ft. 

 41 T. Kitaibelia'num (Ser. mss. in D. C. prod. 2. p. 194.) 



stems ascending, hairy ; leaflets 

 pilose ; heads conical, terminal, 



obovate-elliptic, quite entire, 

 sessile. ©. H. Native of 



Hungary. T. conicum, Kit. in Horn. hort. hafn. 2. p. 717 

 (1813) but not of Pers, nor Lag. Flowers cream-coloured. 



KttaibeVs Trefoil. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1818. Sh. | foot. 



42 T. elonga'tum (Willd. spec. 3. p. 1368.) stem ascending, 

 branched ; leaflets lanceolate, emarginate, mucronate, villous ; 

 stipulas lanceolate ; 



ment of the 



Expanded Trefoil. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1820. PL 1 foot. 



46 T. bractea'tum (Schousb. in Willd. enum. p. 792.) stem 

 branched ; leaflets ovate, obtuse, obsoletely denticulated ; sti- 

 pulas awned ; heads of flowers ovate-conical, dense, solitary, 

 sessile ; corolla monopetalous, about equal in length to the caly- 

 cine segments. ^.? ©. ? H. Native of Morocco. Perhaps 

 only a variety of T. pratense. Flowers purple. 



Bracteate-^ovferedi Trefoil. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1804. PI. 

 1 to 1|^ foot. 



heads loose, elliptic, solitary ; lower 



seg- 

 calyx length of wings ; corolla monopetalous ; 



Native of Galatia. The whole 



vexillum very long. %. II. 



plant is villous. It differs from T. alpesire in the leaves being each 



47 T. PRATE NSE (Lin. spec. 

 1082.) stems ascending; leaflets 

 elliptic, more or less acute, entire ; 

 stipulas broad, nerved, glabrous, 



short bristle 



FIG. 32. 



smaller, in the vexillum being longer, in the stem being branched 

 and ascending, and in the villi. Flowers red. 

 £/on^ «?erf.headed Trefoil. PL 1 foot. 



43 T. alpe'stre (Lin. spec. 1082.) stem erect, simple ; leaflets 

 lanceolate, * -- - - - 



ending in a 



point, inflexed ; heads ovate, dense, 

 obtuse, nearly sessile ; calycine 

 segments pilose, flexible, unequal, 

 the lowest one lont;est, the rest 



coriaceous, ciliately-serrulated ; stipulas narrow, equal; corolla gamopetalous ; seeds 

 nerved, nearly sessile, long, and linear at the apex ; heads, glo- 

 bose ; calyx striated ; the segments unequal, beset with spinulous 

 warts, the lower segment shorter than the monopetalous corolla, quent on the Alps and in meadows ; 



plentiful in some parts of Britain. 



Sturm, deutschl. fl. 1 . heft. 5. 



reniform, compressed, yellowish. 

 1^. H. Native of Europe, fre- 



the rest very short and tooth-formed ; seeds somewhat reniform. 



compressed, and yellowish. 

 Alps. 



%. H. Native of Europe, on the 



Savi, obs. trif p. 54. Jacq. obs. 3. p. 14. t. 64. fl. aust. Savi, obs. trif. p. 48. Smith, engl. 



433. Sims, hot, mag. 2779. Root creeping. 



The plant has the leaves of T. rubens and the flowers 

 pratense. 



Flowers purple. 



of T. 



bot. 1770. Mart. fl. rust. t. 3. 



Leaflets dark -green, usually with a white subsagittate mark in 



the centre. Flowers purple, rarely white. 



The red or broad clover is the kind most generally cultivated 

 Sturm, deutschl. fl. 1. heft. 15, on land that carries white and green crops alternately, as it yields 



f^ar, /5, distdchyum (Ser. mss. in D. C. prod. 2. p. 194.) heads 

 ot flowers twin, approximate. 



^«?-. y, lanigerum (Ser. mss. D. C. prod. 2. p. 194.) stems 

 and petioles covered with numerous, white, soft, spreading pili. 

 Wative on Mount Pennine. 



Vcir.^, rubetlum (Besser, in litt.) flowers rose-coloured, 

 tive of Lithuania. 

 ^Ip Trefoil. 



the largest crop of all the other sorts. 



The soil best adapted for clover is deep sandy loam, which is 

 favourable to its long tap roots, but it will grow in any soil, 

 Na- provided it be dry. Marl, lime, or chalk, is very congenial to 



clover. 



The climate most congenial to clover is one neither very hot 

 nor very dry and cold. Clover will be found to produce most 

 seed in a dry soil and warm temperature, but as the production 



Fl. June, July. Clt. 1789. PL | to 1 foot. 

 44 T. ME^DiUM (Lin. faun. suec. ed. 2. p. 558.) smoothish ; 

 *t"^ ^''^^^"^^^» flexuous, branched ; leaflets oblong, coriaceous, 

 .' roany-nerved, glaucous beneath ; stipulas tapering, con- of seed is only in some situations an object of the farmer's atten- 



tended by the most bulky crop o£ clover herbage. 



The culture which clover receives is ordinary farm culture, 



gii^g ; heads subglobose, pedunculate, rather loose ; calycine tion, a season rather moist, provided it be warm, is always at- 

 egments unequal, rather pilose, the uppermost ones rather the 

 snortest, all shorter than the monopetalous corolla : seeds irre- 

 gularly cordate; radicle 



^urope, in elevated pastures ;" plentiful in some parts of Britain, 

 ^tunn deutschl. fl. 1. fasc. 15. Smith, engl. bot. 190. T. flexuo- 



sum, Jacq fl. austr. t. 386. Mart, fl, rust. 13. T. aflTine, Lejeune, 

 ex herb. D. C. "^ ' J » 



very prominent. 1/ . H. Native of and that destined also for another crop. 



The time of sowing clover-seed is generally in spring, during 

 the corn seed time, or from February to May ; but it may also 

 be sown from August to October, and when it is sown by itself, 



1^ ; -' T, alpestre, Crantz. aust. 407. Fl. dan. 662. unaccompanied by any other crop, this will be found the best 



th ^1 ^^^^P'"S- Flowers purple. It differs from T. pratensc in season, as the young plants are less liable to be dried up, and 



ooser heads of flowers, flexuous stems, and creeping woody impeded in their progress by the sun, than when sown alone in 



Ihis species goes under the names of Cow-grass, Men- 

 -ewer, and Marl-srrass. It is sometimes cultivated as an of summer; but clover-seed is usually mixed with a certain por- 



roois. 



spring and remaining unshaded during the dry and hot weather 



crops, especially with spring-sown wheat, barley, and the early 

 varieties of oats. Unless, however, the soils on which these 



Jfet Mr. Sinclair reports it to be preferable to T. pra- crops are sown are well pulverized, and have been some years 



^icuitural plant in England and some other parts of Europe, tion of rye-grass seed, and sown along with or among other 

 its n Properties of the present kind of clover seem to be . n - i • , . , i ^ .i i 



soils v^* 11^^^^ o'^^^^ ^^^ ^^^ thriving on cold tenacious 



*/ _ _ 



nxcl ^^ ^c^ clover for permanent pasture on light soils. Its 

 innni"^^ ""l nutritious matter, however, is said to be but half as 

 «ud, as that of T. pralSnse. 



Meadow Trem. Fl. June, July. Britain. PI. 1 foot. 



^ 1. KXPA NsuM (Kit. in litt. D. C. prod. 2. p. 195.) pilose ; 



if:*uA ^^^y^ leaflets lanceolate; stipulas narrow, nerved, eTon- 



gated, and ascending at the apek ; ^ 



thin tU **^g"l^"fs pdose, flexible, unequal, tetragonal, shorter 



»han the corolla. -«. H xr..:.,J„r, ^e^haps it is a variety 



heads ovate, obtuse, sessile 



It- H. Native of? 



under tillage, clover will not succeed in them ; it being ascer- 

 tained that newly broken-up pasture grounds cannot be sown 

 down to clover and grasses till the soil is thoroughly pulverized, 

 and the roots of the former grasses and herbage plants com- 

 pletely destroyed. 



Some prepare clover-seed for sowing by steeping it in water or 

 in oil, as in Switzerland, and then mixing it with powdered gjp- 

 sum, as a preventive to the attacks of insects. 



The manner of sowing clover is always broad-cast. When 



