LEGUMINOS^. CI. Glycyrhiza. CII. Galega. 



227 



^1 



consists of horse-hocing, and deep-stirring In weeding, and in 3 G. lepidota (Nutt. gen. amer. 2. p. 106.) leaflets oblong- 



cutting down and carrying away the haulm every autumn, after lanceolate, acute, squamulose, under surface covered with 

 it is completely withered. As the plants do not rise above a glandular dots; stipulas linear-subulate ; spikes of flowers pe- 

 foot the first season after planting, a crop of onions is sometimes dunculate, shorter than the leaves, dense ; legumes oblong, echi- 

 taken in the intervals. The plants must be three summers' growth, nated by hooked bristles. 1(1. H. Native of North America, 

 at the end of which the roots may be taken up by trenching abundant around St, Louis, and on the alluvial banks of the 



Missouri to the mountains, and is in all probability the liquorice 

 mentioned by Sir A. Mackenzie as indigenous to the coasts of the 

 North Pacific Ocean. Sims, bot. mag. 2150. Liquiritia lepidota, 

 Nutt. in Fras. cat. 1813. Root flagelUform, creeping, possess- 



over the ground. 



The roots are then either sold immediately to 

 the brewers' druggists or to common druggists, or preserved 

 like carrots or potatoes in sand, till wanted for use. 

 The roots of liquorice are externally brown, and internally 



yellow. Their taste is very sweet, combined with a slight de- ing the taste of the common liquorice in a considerable degree. 

 gree of bitter when long kept in thq mouth. The powder of . Lepidoted Liquorice, Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1811. PL 3 to 5 ft. 

 liquorice usually sold is often mingled with flour, and perhaps 

 also with substances not so wholesome. The best sort is of a 



brownish-yellow colour, the fine pale-yellow being generally 

 sophisticated, and it is of a very rich sweet taste, much more 

 agreeable than that of the fresh root. 



Kobiquct obtained from liquorice-root^ 1. Amylaceous fecula. 



A saccharine substance, having little resemblance to sugar. 

 3. A new crystalline substance. 4. A resinous oil, which is the 







Art 



4 G. fce'tipa (Desf. atl. 2, p. 170. t. 199.) leaflets oblong, 

 mucronate, rather lepidoted, the odd one on a short petiole ; sti- 

 pulas subulate; spikes of flowers dense, pedunculate, about equal 

 in length to the leaves ; legumes oval, mucronate, 2-seeded, 

 echinated by bristles. 1/. H. Native of Algiers and of Bar- 

 bary, near Mayanc. Leaflets 9-H. Root creeping. Flowers 

 pale-yellow. The whole j^lant has a fetid scent when bruised. 



/V/; J Liquorice. Fl. July, Aug, Clt. 1817. PI. 2 to 3 ft. 



sea- 



cause of its acrimony in the decoctions. 5. Phosphate and ma- 5 G. aspe'rrima (Lin. fil. suppT. 330.) stems diff'use ; leaflets 



I late of Hme and magnesia. 6. Woody fibre. ' 



The sweetness of liquorice-root depends upon a peculiar prin- 

 ciple discovered by Robiquet, and called by him glycyrhizin and 

 glycion. He prepared it by subjecting a strong cold infusion of 

 the root to ebullition, which separated a coagulable matter. It 



obovate, retuse, or emarginate, usually mucronate, rati 

 brous beneath, as well as the petioles and stems ; stipulas lan- 

 ceolate ; legumes rather terete, torulose, 3-8-seeded, glabrous. 

 %. H. Native of Siberia, on hills between the rivers Volga and 



^ „ ^„„^ _. Jaick, in the desert of Tartary, at the river Karaman, on the 



\vas then filtered, and acetate acid added, which gradually threw Ural mountains, and at Lake Inderskoi. G. aspera and G. his- 

 down an abundant, transparent, gelatinous magma, which being pida, Pall. itin. ed. gall. no. Z(o5 and '5GQ, t. 80 and t. 81. f, 1 

 washed with a little cold water to separate any adhering acid, and 2. Racemes axillary. Flowers pale-violet, 

 he considered as pure glycion. Its taste is peculiar, and in- Fcry-row^A Liquorice. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1795. PI. 2 feet, 



tensely sweet, and its smell is not perceptible unless thrown 6 G. Urale'nsis (Fisch. in litt. D. C. prod. 2. p. 248.) stem 



"pon hot coal, when it is resinous. 



erect, covered with velvety pubescence; leaflets obovate, obtuse. 



J lie predominant constituents of liquorice being saccharine almost glabrous; stipulas lanceolate; calyxes villous. H.H. 



and mucdaginous matter, its only action is that of a mild demul- Native of Siberia, on the Ural mountains. Fruit unknown. Very 



cent, and as such it is frequently used in catarrh, and in some nearly allied to G. asj)errinia. Flowers pale- violet, 

 stomach complaints, which seem to arise from a deficiency of the Ural Liquoric^. Fl. July, Aug. PI. 2 feet. 



natural mucus, which should defend the stomach against the 7 G. eciiinata (Lin. spec. 1046.) leaflets oval-lanceolate, 



^"'"^""y of the food and the fluids secreted into it. On account mucronate, glabrous; stipulas oblong-lanceolate; spikes of 



; ?'s OV*'^ '^ 's '■^rely exhibited in substance, but more frequently flowers capitate, on very short peduncles ; legumes oval, mucro- 



'" ''jJJ'sJon or decoction. 



e extract of liquorice is never prepared by the apothecary, 

 ui IS cornmonly imported from other countries. " 



nate, S-seedcd, echinated by bristles. 7/. H. Native of Apulia, 

 on mount Gardano, and in the northern provinces of China, and 



Racemes not half so long as the leaves. 



,n ,. 1 • ^ -^ w... ^...t. ^^i4i.twco. It is imported of Tartary. Jacq. hort^ vind. t. 95. Sims, bot. mag. 252. 



fectln I ^ ^^"^' ^^^^^^'^ ""'^^^^ W leaves. It should be per- Schkuhr, handb. 225. 



ula ^ } ' brittle when cold, and break with a smooth and Flowers purple. The whole plant is glutinous to the touch. 



t assy tracture, have a sweet taste without empyreume, and be Roots horizontal, in taste like the common liquorice. 



^iimost entirely soluble in water. It is nreoared from the fresh Echinated-Ytodded Liquorice. Fl. Ju. July. Clt. 1596. PI. 3 ft. 



It is prepared from the fresh 



The best 



forei ^ ^*pression, decoction, and inspissation. - ^ 



fin«/r ^^^'^.^'^^ "^ %"^'''^« is prepared in Catalonia. There- legumes hairy. H..H. 



8 G. HiRsuTA (Lin. spec. 1046.) leaflets oblong-lanceolate; 



Native of the Levant. Tourn. cor. 26. 



thicke '^T^^^^ ^^1*^ '" tlie shops in small cylindrical pieces not 

 1'he J ! * ^^^^^ ^"'^*' '^ ^ composition with mucilage of glue. 

 used f" 1?* possesses the same properties with the root, and is 

 lor the formation of several kinds of troches. 



PI. 3 to'^rfeet ^"'''''^^ Liquorice. Fl. June, Sept. Clt. 1562. 



•eafleS* ^'.'^'^^^I^^'^eRa (Waldst. et Kit. hung. 1. p. 20. t. 21.) 

 <^ence, 3^.°^ '^"""^^^ceolate, clothed beneath with clammy pubes- 

 PedunciiW^*^'^^'"^'^^'"^*^' ^^ip^las marcescent ; spike of flowers 



Flowers purple. 

 Hairy 



(R 



) 



large, with 6 pairs of elliptic-oblong, undulated, acuminated, 

 glabrous leaflets ; panicles large, shorter than the leaves, spread- 

 ing, composed of numerous racemes ; rachis of flowers and 



tomentose, 1 -flowered. ^2 • S. 



calyxes pubescent ; bracteas 

 Native of Peru. 



Wa 



Flowers purple. 

 jiauorice. Shrub. 



Cult. A deep light soil suits all the species of Liquorice, and 



3-4-s*^*i/^ ^ — **" ''"^ ieaves ; nowers aistant; legunies ^au. xi ucep n^wi- ov.i* ^«.v^ «.. ^-^ -^ — . ~ ;£ , 



Hunl ' j"'"^^'^' echinated with glands. %. H. Native of they are easily increased by taking slips from the roots with 



angular ^f^u ^^ ^^"casus, on the banks of the river Don. Stems — " ---^ -i-^-*-- ^»^-- - «T.rmrr. 

 Bieb fl 7 ^P^""- ^- hirsiita, Pall. itin. append, no. 363. ex 



r- 



fl- taur. 

 ft 



suppl. 1431. Plow 



ers 



blue. 



•-«.nksoftheDon. 



^^ Wand-fcearmg Liquorice. 



% . H. Native of Russia, on 



G. glabra, Pall. itin. 



eyes, and planting them in spring 



CII. GALFGA (from y«Xa, gala, milk ; supposed to in- 

 crease the milk in animals eating of the herb). Tourn. inst. t. 

 222. Lam. ill. t. 625. Ters. ench. 2. p. 328.— Galega species 



Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1805. PL 2 of Lin. and others. 



LiN. SYST. Monadelphia, Decdndria. Calyx with 5 subulate, 

 og2 



