302 



LEGUMINOS^. CLVIIL Hedysarum. CLIX. Onobrychis. 



266. H. SiberJcum, Poir. suppl. 5. p. 17. Lam. ill. t. 628. f. in spring or by seeds. The seeds of the annual species only re- 

 quire to be sown in the open border in spring. 



CLIX. ONOBRY'CHIS (from ovoc, onos^ an ass, miftpv^Vt 



brychoj to gnaw ; the plants are grateful to the ass). Tourn. inst. 



__^ ^ ^^ ^ t.211. Gaertn. fruct. 2. t. 148. D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. Sll.legum. 



30^ H. Cauca'sicum (Bieb/fl. taur. 2. p. 178.) stem erect; mem. vii. prod. 2. p. 344. Desv. journ, hot. 3. p. 125. t. 6.f. 



3. Flowers jiurj^le, seldom white. An elegant plant. 



Far, />, jjedicdlare (D. C. prod. 2. p. 343.) bracteas shorter 

 than the pedicels. H. alph^um, Willd. spec. 3. p. 1207. Ker. 

 hot. reg. 808. Sims, bot. mag. 2213. 



Alpine Hedysarum. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1798. PL 2 to 3 ft. 



leaflets ovate, smoothish •, upper stipulas concrete, opposite the 33, 34. 1814. 1. p. 80- Hedysarum species of Lin. and others. 



Lin. syst. Diadelphia, Decdndria. Calyx 5-cleft, with nearly 



equal subulate segments. Corolla papilionaceous, with the carina 



as if it was truncate, and the wings short. Stamens diadelphous. 



Legume sessile, of only one compressed, indehiscent, rather coria- 



Caucasian lledysaYUW. Fl. Ju. Aug. Clt. 1820. PI. 2 to 3 ft. ceous, echinated,crestedorwinged, 1-seeded joint, whichisthicker 



leaves ; racemes on long peduncles ; bracteas longer than the 

 pedicels; legumes glabrous, pendulous. %, H. Native of 

 Caucasus and Iberia, on the Alps. Flowers purple. Peduncles 



almost a foot long. 



31 H. BOREA LE (Nutt. gen. amer. 2. p. 110.) stem rather 

 decumbent; leaflets oblong-obovate, villous beneath; stipulas 



and straight on the upper suture, but convex and thinner on the 

 lower suture. — European or Asiatic herbs, with impari-pinnate 



joined, sheathing; with subulate segments; racemes on long pedun- leaves, axillary elongated peduncles, bearing spikes of red or 

 cles; joints of legume smooth or pubescent, and roundish. 1^. H. white flowers at their tops. The ovary when young is perhaps 

 Native of North America, on the naked arid plains of the Mis- truly bi-ovulate. The legume also is sometimes 2-seeded, but 



souri at Fort Mandan, and in the north of Canada, and from the only 1-celled. 



Saskatchawan to the Arctic circle, Rocky mountains, &c. H. 

 alj)inum, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 2. p. 74. Flowers purple, secund. 

 Northern Hedysarum. PL 2 to 3 feet. 



32 H. Macke'nzii (Rich, in Frankl. journ. append, p. 745.) 

 stems decumbent ; leaflets oblong, clothed on both surfaces with 

 canescent pili ; stipulas sheathing ; joints of legume wrinkled 

 transversely and pilose. }/. H. -Native of Arctic America and 

 a^bout the Saskatchawan, on the Eagle and Red-deer hills. 

 Flowers large, red. This is the liquorice plant mentioned by Sir 

 Alexander Mackenzie as being indigenous to North-west America. 



Mackenzie's Hedysarum. PI. decumbent. 



33 H, si'BspiNosuM (Fisch. in litt. D. C. prod. 2. p. 343.) 

 stems sufl^ruticose, much branched, erect, and are as well as the 



Sect. I. Eubry'chis (from ev, eii, well or good, /3pvxw, brycho^ 

 to gnaw ; this section contains the most useful species in agricul- 

 ture). D. C. legum. mem. vii. prod. 2. p. 344. Legume ob- 

 lique, wrinkled or prickly in the disk, and toothed or interrupt- 

 edly crested on the back. 



1 O. satiVa (Lam. fl, fr. 2. p. 652.) stem erect; stipulas 

 usually distinct; leaflets elliptic-oblong, mucronate, glabrous; 

 spikes of flowers elongated ; keel of flower shorter than the vex- 

 ilium ; wings shorter than the calyx ; legumes pubescent, den- 

 ticulated on the back, but having the sides wrinkled, and rather 

 prickly. %.U. Native of Europe, on dry calcareous hills. 

 ...v....^ o.ww....vwo^, .w.v.w ^.^.».wvv., v,.^vv, ^»v. «.., ^^ .,^» «o ...^ In Britain on all calcareous hills. Hedys. onobrychis, Lin. spec. 

 leaves clothed with adpressed canescent down; branches and 1059. Jacq. austr. t. 352. Smith, engl. bot. 96. O. Yicisetyl*^, 

 peduncles permanent, and becoming hardened into spines ; pe- Scop. O. vulgaris, Jaum. O. spicata, Moench. Flowers vane- 



tioles flattish ; leaves with 5-7 pairs of elliptic leaflets ; spikes of 

 flowers pedunculate, longer than the leaves ; wings shorter than 

 the calyx ; ovary linear, glabrous. ^ . F. Native of Siberia, 

 at Lake Inderskoi, This is a very singular species, with the 

 habit o^ Astragalus gibbosus^ 



Spinose Hedysarum. Shrub -^^ to 1 foot. 



gated, crimson. 



sparcet in French ; 'Esparzette in Ger 



man, and Cedrangola in Italian. It is a deep-rooting P^^^^*^ 

 plant, with branching spreading stems. It is a native of England 

 and many parts of Europe, but never found but on dry, warn, 

 chalky soils, where it is of great duration. It has been long cul- 



S4 H. iNCABNATUM (Willd. spec. 8. p. 1209.) stem erect, tivated in France and other parts of the continent, ana as 



agricultural plant was introduced from the latter country in 

 England about the middle of the 17th century. It has since 

 been a good deal cultivated in the chalky districts, and its pecu- 

 liar value is that it may be grown on soils unfit for being to 

 stantly under tillage, and which would yield little under grass. 

 This is owing to the long and descending roots of the ^^'^ Tty 

 which will penetrate and thrive in fissures of rocky and cna 7 

 substrata. Its herbage is said to be equally suited for pasturage 

 35 H. LiNEA^RE (Lour. fl. cochin. 452.) stem suflTruticose, dif- or for hav, and that eaten ereen it is not apt to swell or no\ 



glabrous ; leaflets oblong, acute, hoary beneath ; stipulas want- 

 ing; flowers racemose, drooping. — Native of Japan. H. inca- 

 num, Thunb. fl. jap. 289. but not of Swartz. Flowers flesh- 

 coloured. Said to be allied to H, ohscurum^ but the plant is 



without stipulas. 



Fles/i'Cotourcd'Rowercd Hedysarum. PI. 1 foot. 



•I" Doubtful sj^ccics. 





fuse ; leaflets lanceolate-linear, glabrous ; spikes terminal ; le- 

 gumes straight, linear, smooth, 6-seeded. ^2 • Gr. Native of 

 Cochin-china. Flowers pale violet. The root is esteemed to be 

 deobstruent, emmenegogue, and to create an appetite. 

 Zinear-podded Hedysarum. Shrub 2 feet. 



cattle like the clovers or lucem. Arthur Young says, that upo^ 

 soils proper for this plant no farmer can sow^ too much of it ; a 



• .1 _ _ 1 n . f ... .1.1 ,1 _r *1,^ »nnct VaiU- 



able herbage plants we owe to the bounty of Providence, 

 are no varieties of this plant, but there are numerous 



other 



36 H. UNiFLORVM (Lapeyr. abr. p, 436.) stems ascending; species of the same genus that might be cultivated. 



leaflets elliptic, rather silky beneath ; flowers pedunculate, soTi- 



for sainifol 

 will grow 



nd cal- 



tary; wings twice the length of the calyx; legumes 4-parted, v:iiicuus, uui u wiu grow on any sou uiai nao « v*,^ - 

 villous beneath ; lobes 2-horned. % . H. Native of the Pyre- Kent thinks that the soils most suited to the culture of this P^^^ 

 nees, among rocks. Flowers yellow. 



One-Jloncrcd Hedysarum. PL ascending. 



Cult. Ail the species oi this genus are very handsome when 

 in flower, being clothed with racemes of elegant pea blossoms ; 

 they are therefore well adapted for ornamenting flower borders 

 or rock-work. They succeed well in light rich soil, and the 

 perennial kinds are increased by dividing the plants at the roots 



xveni inmKs tnat tne sous most suuea to me cuuuic u* V V ^^ 

 are those of the chalky loam, and light sandy or gravelly km . 

 or almost any of those of a mixed quality, provided they he 

 too wet, and have a rocky and hard calcareous bottom to ^ 

 the roots at the depth of a foot or foot and a half below the su 

 face, which he, notwithstanding the above, conceives necessarj» 

 as the plants are apt to exhaust themselves in running ^^V* 

 And for this reason he considers it as improper for being so 



^, ■-.Ifci-^JL*--^ 



