1 



In 



315 



Juss, gen. 360. 



D. C. fl. fr. 4. 



LEGUMINOS^. CLXVIII. Faba. CLXIX. Vicia. 



# 



made from peas sown along with them. It is proper to let the plants). Tourn. inst. t. 221. 



sheaves lie untied several days, so that the winning process maybe p. 589. prod. 2. p. 354. — Vicia species of Lin. 



hastened, and when tied to set them up on end, in order that the Lik. syst, Diadclphiay Dccdndria. Calyx tubular, 5-cleft 



full benefit from the air may be obtained, and the grain kept off or 5-toothed (f. 4G. a.), the 2 superior teeth sliortest (f. 4G. a,). 



the ground. Beans are sometimes mown, and in a few instances Corolla papilionaceous (f. 4G.rf.). Stamens diadelphous (f. 46. 



pulled up by the roots. In all cases they should be cut as near g.). Style filiform, almost forming a straight angle with the 



ovary, villous on the upper side (f. 46. g.). and on the under 

 side beneath the 



^ to the ground as possible, for the sake of the straw, which is 

 of considerable value as fodder, and because the best pods are 

 i often placed on the stems near the roots (Brown). 



apex 

 many-seeded (f. 46. h.) ; 



Legume oblong (f. 46. h.), 1-celled, 

 seeds with a lateral, oval, or linear 



Beans are stacked either in the round or oblong manner, and hylum. — Usually climbing herbs, with abruptly pinnate leaves, 

 it is always proper, if the stack be large, to construct one or having many pairs of leaflets ; the common petiole drawn out 

 more funnels, to allow a free circulation of air. 



^/ 



^f 



and where diseases have not occurred, is generally from 25 to genus are not well defined. 

 S5 bushels per acre. Donaldson says that a crop of beans. 



into a tendril at the apex (f. 40. ?.), which is usually branched. 

 Stipulas usually semi-sagittate. Peduncles axillary, elongated, 

 many-flowered, or short and 1 -flowered. The species of the 



taking the island at large, is from 16 to 40 bushels, but that a 

 good average crop cannot be reckoned to exceed 20. In Mid- 



§ 1. 



y-'J!o7Vcr€d ; jl^ 



1 V. pisiFORMis (Lin. spec. 1034.) plant quite smooth ; leaves 



dlesex, Middleton says that hean crops vary from 10 to 80 mucronate, with 3-4 pairs of ovate, cordate, obtuse, reticulately- 

 bushels per acre. The produce in haulm is very bulky in moist veined, distant leaflets ; stipulas ovate, semi-sagittate,^ toothed ; 



seasons. 



?/ 



peduncles many- flowered, length of leaves ; calyxine teeth 



,, .^ The grain in Scotland is some- nearly equal, shorter than the tube ; legumes oblong, compressed, 



times made into meal, the finer for bread and the coarser for reticulately veined ; seeds globose, with the hylum linear. 1/. ^. 



swine ; but leans are for the most part applied for feeding horses, H. Native of the south of Europe, in woods. Sturm, deutsch. 



swine, and other domestic animals. In Middlesex, all are given A- 1- ^»sc. Sl.Jacq. austr. 4. p. .'33. t. 3G4.— Riv. tetr. irr. 



to horses, except such as are preserved for seed, and such as *• •^~- The lowest leaflets approximating the stem and sessile, 



are gathered while green and sent to the London markets. When Flowers cream-coloured, about the size of those of V. sykdtica. 



pigs are fed on leans, it is observed that the meat becomes so 

 hard, as to make very ordinary pork, but excellent bacon. 



-/ 



2 V. amce'na (Fisch. in litt. 



Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1739. PI. cl. 



Jlour of 



nutritive than that of oats, as stems erect, tetragonal, firm, and smoothish 



Ser. in D. C. prod. 2, p. 355,) 



leaves distant on 



appears in the fattening of hogs ; whence, according to the re- ^^^^ stem, tendrilled at the apex; leaflets numerous, dense, 

 spective prices of these two ardcles. Dr. Darwin suspects that opposite and alternate, elliptic-lanceolate, rather mucronate, re- 



peas and beans generally supply a cheaper provender for horses 

 than oats, as well as for other domestic animals. But beans are 

 more difficult of digestion than oats, although of more nutri- 

 ment. Some advise cut straw or bran to be mixed with beans 

 to accelerate their digestion. , 

 Bean-straWy when mixed with peas, Brown considers as af- 



ticulated with numerous diverging fine nerves 



stipulas 



semi- 



sagittate, toothed ; peduncles many- flowered, rather longer than 

 the leaves ; the superior teeth of the calyx broadish, short, and 

 acute, lower ones elongated and subulate; style hardly pilose 

 at the apex; legumes unknown. 1/. H. Native of Siberia, 

 about Tructsk. — Gmeh sib. 4. p. 11. no. 11. t. 3. ? Flowers 



large, like those of the first species. 



Pleasing Vetch. 



Fl. June, July. Clt. 1818. PI. cl. 



fording almost as much nourishment, when properly harvested, purple, about the^ size^of those of V. onobrijchiotdes. Leaflets 



as is gained from hay of ordinary quality, when it is well got 



horses are fonder of it than of pea-straw. It should either be 



given when newly threshed, or else stacked up and compressed 



by treading or covering, as the air is found to aflfect materially 



Doth Its flavour and nutritive quality. 



1 



of 



A 



proportion to the grain than in any of the cereal grasses. .* 

 Dushel of tean* is supposed to yield 14 pounds more of flour 



peas 



according to some, 20 pounds. In 1000 parts of bean-flour, were 



ound by Sir Humphrey Davy, 570 parts of nutritive matter, of 

 ^"ich 428 were mucilage, 103 gluten, and 41 extract, or matter 

 rendered insoluble during the process. 



. ^^ ^j^^^ses of beans are the rust, the honey-dew, mildew, 



M black-fly or aphides, which the lady-birds are supposed to 



bl If fp^"' ^^ ^^^y ^^^ observed to be plentiful wherever the 



ack-fly js found. The fly almost always succeeds the honey- ^- -'- — j - ;- "it '• i r " 



«ew, both are most prevalent on the summits of the plants, and about the size of those of F. Cracca, white. Leaves with a lew. 



- scattered, adpressed pili on the under side. Vicia multiHora, 



3 V. Carolinia'na (Walt. fl. carol, p. 182.) plant smoothisl 

 leaves with 8-10 or more elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse, mucronate, 

 alternate leaflets; stipulas ovate-lanceolate, entire, small; pe- 

 duncles many-flowered; flowers rather distant; calycine teeth 

 short : style villous at the apex ; legumes lanceolate, glabrous, 



^. H. Native of Carolina. V. 



2. p. 



V. Cracca, Pursh, ex Rafin. 

 narrower than in r.Cr<Jcca, having the vexillum tipped with black. 

 Carolina Vetch. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1820. PL cl. 



4 V. PoNTicA (Willd. spec, 3. p. 1094.) plant pubescent; 

 leaflets numerous, elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse, mucronate ; stipu- 

 las lanceolate, quite entire, nerved ; peduncles very long, many- 

 flowered ; flowers crowded ; legumes unknown. 1/ ; H. Native 

 of the country near the Euxine sea. Flowers secund, nodding, 



- - - / - ^ 



obliquely reticulated. If 

 parviflora, Miclix. fl. car. 

 litt. 



GO. V. craccoides, Rafin. in 

 Corolla white, smaller and 



jome have attempted to mitigate the evil by cutting them off. 

 general, however, these diseases are without remedy, either 



dor^^l'^^ or positive ; therefore the best thing that can be 



5f ^^'^^^ ^^^ plants are attacked is to ploueh them down. 

 Common Gi ^ ' ^ ^ ^. 



PI. 2 to 3 feet. 



floribus albis, calyce purpureo, Tourn. cor. 27 

 Pontic Vetch. PI. cl. 



spec 



Fl. year 



Clt. ? reflexed, ovate-lanceolate, mucronulate, alternate, very finely 



toothed 



peduncle 



CLXIX. VrCIA (said to be from vincio, to bind together, cine teeth very short, equal among themselves; style bearded 

 ''^Wuse the species have tendrils by which they bind other at the apex ; legumes oblong, compressed, reticulately and finely 



s s S 



