LEGUMINOS/E. CCXXXIII. Acacia. 



413 



flower ; in reference to the flowers being collected into globose 



177 A. Burmannia'na (D. C. prod. 2. p. 461.) spines twin, 



heads on the tops of the peduncles). Leaves bipinnate, with few glabrous ; branches angular, smoothisli ; petioles pubescent ; 

 or many pairs of pinnae, each pinna bearing few or many pairs leaves with 6 pairs of pinnae, each pinna bearing 15-20 pairs of 

 of leaflets. Flowers collected into globose heads at the tops of leaflets 



the peduncles 



gland snaall, petiolar ; heads of flowers solitary, on long 

 axillary peduncles. ^ . S. Native of the East Indies. Mimosa 

 tortuosa, Burm. fl. ind. p. 224. 



• Prickles all stipular and straight. Legumes unarmed. Sta- ^i^^^^ ^f ;j/^ tortubsa. Legume unknown. 



Heads of flowers larger than 



mens 20 or more. 



. Var.P; peduncles 3-together, axillary, i;? . S. Native of 



§1. Jculeatce (from aculeatus, T^rickly ; plants furnished with the East Indies. Mimosa cse^sia, Burm. fl. ind. 224. but not 



stipular prickles). 



172 A. ni'tida (Willd. spec. 4. p. 1086.) spines twin ; leaves 

 with 2 pairs of pinnae, each pinna bearing 5 pairs of oblong leaf- 

 lets, which^ are narrowest at the base, and shining above, with a 

 gland between each of the pairs of pinnae ; petioles pubescent; 



Ij . S. Native of the East 



of Lin. A. Ceylanica sarmentosa flore luteo globoso, Burm. 



zeyl. p. 3. 



Burmann's Acacia. 



Clt. 1818. Shrub 4 to 6 feet. 



178 A. ve'ra (Willd. spec. 4. p. 1 085.) spines twin ; branches 

 and leaves glabrous ; leaves with 2 pairs of pinnae, each pinna 

 bearing 8-10 pairs of oblong-linear leaflets, wnth glands on the pe- 



lieads of flowers pedunculate, twin. 



Indies. Mimosa nitida, Vahl. symb. 2. p. 803, Flowers poly- tioles, one between each pair of pinnae ; heads of flowers usually 



androus. Legume unknown. 



Shmtng-\ez\edi Acacia. 



Tree. 



173 A. Seya L (Delil. fl. aegypt. 142. t. 52. f. 2.) spines twin, 

 straight, about the length of the leaves ; leaves with 2 pairs of . 67. — Lob. icon. 2. p. 95. f. 1. 



twin, pedunculate, axillary ; legume (ex Willd.) moniliform. fj 

 S. Native of Africa, from Senegal to Egypt. Mimosa Nilotica, 

 Lin. spec. 1506. but not of hort. cHfl*. Woodv. med. hot. 187. t. 



Hern. mex. 86G. f. 1. Gom- 



pinnae, each pinna bearing 8-12 pairs of oblong-linear glabrous 

 leaflets; legumes compressed, linear, falcate, acute, glabrous. 

 ^. G. Native of Egypt, where it is called SejaL Mimosa Sej^l, 

 Forsk.descr. p. 177. In a specimen received byDe Candolle from 

 Sieber the branches are brown, the prickles stipular, shorter than 

 the leaves, and sometimes wanting ; the heads of flowers are 

 globose and yellow, and the legume is stfiated with nerves. It 

 is perhaps the same as the plant of Delile. 

 Sejal Acacia. Shrub. 



mier rouge, Adans. Branches and spines red. Flowers yellow. 

 This is the tree which yields the gum-arabic of the shops, and 



to Hasselquist the Arabs call 



succus acaciae. 

 chasad. 



According 



It 



The gum is gathered in vast quantities from the trees 

 growing in Arabia Petraea, near the north bay of the Red Sea at 

 the foot of mount Sinai ; this gum is called by dealers Thuror 

 Thor, which is the name of the harbour in the north bay of the 

 Red Sea, thereby distinguishing it from gum-arabic. The gum- 

 thur is also more pellucid and white, whereas gum-arabic is of 



174 A. ho'rrida (Willd. spec. 4. p. 1082.) spines twin, about a brown or dirty yellow colour, and generally opaque, 

 equal in length to the leaves, and are glabrous, as well as the Gum-arabic is a concrete juice, which exudes from various 



leaves and branches ; leaves with 2-3 pairs of pinnae, each pinna 

 bearing 9-12 pairs of oblong obtuse leaflets, with the rib biglan- 

 Jular ; heads of flowers pedunculate, axillary, usually aggregate. 

 ^* G. Native of the south of Africa and of Arabia. Mimosa 

 horrida, Lin. spec. 1505. Mimosa leucacantha, Jacq. schoenbr. 

 ^393. Mimosa eburnea, Lam. diet. 1. p. 18. A. Capensis, 

 Burch. trav. 189. with a figure. Mimosa Orfota, Forsk. descr. 

 177. Mimosa Capensis, Burm. fl. cap. prod. 27. 

 l^-vl. f. 4, with white spikes. Young branches almost unarmed. 



There is a 



species ofAcaciay but especially from /4. vcra^ A. Ardbica, and 

 A. Senegal, natives of the sandy deserts of Africa, Arabia, and 



Pluk. phyt 



r lowers yellow, polyandrous. Legume unknown. 



variety of this species bearing 1-3 glands on the petiole, either 



oeneath or between the pairs of pinnae. Spines in pairs, white, 



other parts of Asia. It either exudes spontaneously or from in- 

 cisions made in the bark, and afterwards hardens in the air. The 

 barks of all the species are highly astringent, and some are used 

 in India for tanning. There are two kinds of gum found in the 

 shops in this country, and often sold promiscuously, but distin- 

 guished in commerce by the names of gum-arabic and East 

 India gum. Gum-arabic consists of roundish transparent tears, 



colourless, or of a yellowish colour, without smell or taste, and 



~ " " " mo.^t 



They 



Clt. 1823. Shrub. 



almost perfectly soluble in water. The pieces which are mo->t 

 transparent and have least colour are reckoned the best. 

 are sometimes selected from the gum-arabic and sold for about 

 double the price, under the name of picked gum. The East 

 India gum is darker coloured than gum-arabic, and is not so 

 readily soluble in water. Gum-thur, the produce of Acacia 

 Ardbicay is almost colourless, and resembles the picked gum, and 

 gum-senegal resembles the East India gum. 

 About the middle of November, that is, after the rainy season, 



Native'of the East Indies, in woods'. which begins early in July, a gummy juice exudes spontaneously 



purple at the top. 



-^orrirf Acacia. 



175 A. ebu'rnea (Willd. spec. 4. p. 1081.) spines twin, con- 

 J^ate, and are, as well as the branches and leaves, glabrous ; 

 eaves with 4-8 pairs of pinnae, each pinna bearing C-12 pairs of 

 oblong small leaflets, with a gland situated on the petiole be- 

 ^een the lower pair of pinnae; heads of flowers pedunculate, 

 Jfowded, axillary. Tj . sf ^^ ' — — — • 

 «oxb. cor. 2. t. 199. Flowers yellow, polyandrous. Legume 

 I'lear, a little twisted, 8-1 0-seeded. Spines white, 1 -2 inches long. 



nwy-thorned Acacia. Clt. 1792. Shrub 5 to 6 feet. 

 ^ 1^6 A. ToRTuo'sA (Willd. spec. 4. p. 1083.) spines twin, con- 

 j^te, andare, as well as the branches and petioles, pubescent ; 

 oTl^^fl^^^^ 2-6 pairs of pinnae, each pinna bearing 12-16 pairs 

 ^ leaflets, with a gland between the lower pair of pinnae, 



. sometimes between the extreme pair; heads of flowers 



;tary, axillary; 

 'auier corniculate. 



solita 



from the trunk and principal branches. In about 15 days it 

 thickens in the furrow down which it runs, either into a vermi- 

 cular shape, or more commonly assuming the form of round or 

 oval tears, about the size of a pigeon's egg, of different colours, 

 as they belong to the white or red gum tree. About the middle 

 of December the Moors encamp on the borders of the forest, 

 and the harvest lasts 5 weeks. The gum is packed in very large 



d brought on camels and bullocks to 



ryi axillary ; legumes compressed, thickish, pubescent. 



Native of Jamaica, in sandy fields, 



^. S. 



150' i '^'^^^ ^^ ^^' Thomas. Mimosa tortuosa, Lin. spec. 



Uo. Swartz, obs. 391. but not of Burm. Spines ^ inch long, .^ - . 



rV>>te, downy at the base. Legumes with fleshy juicy valves, brought from Tumbuctoo by the caravans 



"^3^ds of flowers yellow. 



^^t^ted Acacia. Clt. 1824. Shrub 4 to 6 feet. 



sacks of tanned leather, ai 



certain ports, where it is sold to the French and English mer- 

 chants. Mr. Jackson, in his account of the empire of Morocco, 

 informs us, that from Mogodor they export two sorts of gum, 

 one is common gum-arabic, the other finer, called gum-soudan, 



He also says that 



roduced from a 



the gum called Morocco or Barbary-gum, is pr 

 thorny tree called Attaleh. It yields most gum du 



ring the parch- 



