LEGUMINOS.E. CCLXXV. Cathartocarpus. 



453 



pairs of oval-oblong leaflets, which are equal at the base, mu- 

 cronate at the apex, puberulous above, but clothed with soft 

 tomehtum beneath, when young tomentose ; petiole glandless ; 

 racemes axillary, shorter than the leaves ; legumes compressed, 

 wrinkled, very long. I2 • ^* Native of the Caribbee islands, 

 Guiana, Brazil, and between Turbaco and Carthagena, &c. Cas- 

 sia grandis, Lin. fil. suppl. 230. Cassia mollis, Valil. symb. 3. 



Jacq. fragm. t. 85. f. 3. in fruit. Cassia Brasiliana, 



Le- 



p. 57 



Lam. diet. 1. p. 649. — Breyn. cent. t. 21. but not t. 14. 

 gumes a little compressed, a foot and a half long- 



Great Purging-cassia. Clt. 1820. Tree 30 to 40 feet. 



sticks. The tree has much the appearance of Laburnum when 

 in flower. 



CoK^pzcMOM^ Purging-cassia, Fl. Feb. Clt. 1793. Tree 20 



to 30 feet. 



9 C. Java'nicus (Pers. ench. 1. p. 459.) leaves with 12-15 

 pairs of ovate, obtuse, glabrous leaflets ; petioles glandless ; ra- 

 cemes axillary ; legumes nearly cylindrical, very long, and trans- 



S. Native of Java and the Moluccas, 



versely 

 &c. 



torose. 1i? 



nymes 



p. 318. 



Cassia Javanica, Lin. spec. 542. exclusive of the syno- 

 Rumph. amb. 2. t. 22^ Cassia Bacillus, Gaertn. fruct. 1. 

 Flowers flesh-coloured. Lef^umes 2 feet loner, rather 

 2 C. ferrugi'neus ; leaves with 13-20 pairs of oblong-linear, thick, containing a black cathartic pulp as the rest of the species, 

 short-acuminated leaflets, which are cuneated on the upper side which is given to horses, hence its name, Horse-cassia, in the 

 at the base, and clothed with tomentose pubescence beneath ; East Indies. 



Java Purging-cassia. Clt. 1779. Tree 30 to 40 feet. 

 10 C. exce'lsus ; leaves with 7 pairs of ovate-oblong, acutish 

 leaflets, beset with minute scattered hairs on both surfaces ; pe- 



G. 



petiole glandless ; racemes about equal in length to the leaves, 

 erect ; branches angularly furrowed. T? . S. Native of Brazil. 

 Bactyrilobium ferrugineum, Schrad. in Goett. anz. 1821. p. 713. 

 Cassia ferruginea, Schrad. in litt. 1825. Hardly distinct from 

 the preceding species, according to Nees. in flor. 1821. p. 328. 

 Rusty Purging-cassia. Tree 30 to 40 feet. 



tioles glandless. 



h 



Native of South America, near Porto- 



Cabello, and in the valleys of Araguen. Cassia excelsa, H. B. 



et Kunth, nov. gen. amer, 6. p. 339. but not of Schrad. Cassia 

 3 C. MoscHA^TUs ; leaves with 14-18 pairs of oblong leaflets, Bonplandiana, D. C. prod. 2, p. 490. Flowers and fruit un- 

 which are rounded at the apex, and clothed with soft pubescence known. Nearly allied to C. Fistula. 

 on both surfaces ; petiole glandless ; legumes cylindrical. Tj . S. 



Tall Purging-cassia. 



Tree 30 to 40 feet. 



M 



river Magdalena. Cassia moschata, H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. 



11 C. Atte'leh; leaves bipinnate, glandless, glabrous; leaf- 



lets ovate-oblong, glaucous-green ; legumes long, cylindrical ; 

 amer. 6. p. 358. The pulp in the fruit has a musky scent ac- seeds covered with green pulp when mature. ^2 . G. Native 



of Egypt, at Abo Qoulgui, in the province of Qamanay, where it 

 is called Atteleh. Cassia Atteleh, Gailliaud, in fl. meroe, 182G. 



cording to Bonpland. 



Musky Purging-cassia. Tree 40 feet. 



4 C. sPEciosus ; leaves with 14 pairs of oblong acutish leaflets, Nearly related to C. Fistula. 

 which are smoothish above but clothed with soft pubescence Atteleh Purging-cassia. Tree 20 feet. 



beneath; petiole glandless; racemes many-flowered ; legumes 12 C. Fi'stula (Pers. ench. 1. p. 459.) leaves with 4-6 pairs 



terete, rather compressed, undulately annulated. Tj , S. Na- of ovate, rather acuminated, glabrous leaflets ; petioles glandless; 

 tive of South America, on the banks of the river Magdalena, racemes loose, bractless ; legumes cylindrical, rather obtuse, 

 near the town of Teneriffe. 



nov. gen. amer. 6. p. 358. 

 p. 489. 



Cassia speciosa, H. B. et Kunth, smooth. T2 . S. Native of the East Indies, from whence it has 

 Cassia Humboldtiana, D.C. prod. 2. been introduced to South America and the West Indies. Cassia 



Showy Purging-cassia. Clt. 1826. Tree 40 feet. 



5 C. margina'tus ; leaves with 12-15 pairs of oval-oblong, 



unequal leaflets, which are obtuse, emarginate, and mucronate at 



the apex, clothed with velvety down beneath, as well as the 



branches and petioles ; racemes axillary, much shorter than the 



eaves. ^ , S. Native of Coromandel. Cassia margin^ta, 



Koxb. hort. beng. p. 31. Cassia Roxburghii, D. C. prod, 2. 



p. 489. - ■ 



gentle laxative. 



Ma 



Clt. 1810. Tree 20 ft. 



6 C. Trinita'tis ; leaves with 8-10 pairs of ovate-oblong, 

 acuminated leaflets, which are rather puberulous, and shining a 

 httle above, but paler, and clothed with rather villous down 

 Deneath ; petioles glandless, and are as well as the branches and 

 ^uuncles clothed with fine velvety down ; panicle terminal. 

 ^•.S. Native of the island of Trinidad. Cassia Trinitatis, 

 Keichb. in Sieb. pi. exsic. trin. no. 57. 



Frinidad Purging-cassia. Clt. 1820. Tree 20 to 30 feet. 



7 C, SiEBERiA^NUs ; Icavcs with 8-10 pairs of ovate-oblong 

 sninmg leaflets, which are pale and beset with very minute pu- 

 oescence beneath ; petioles glandless ; branches, peduncles, and 

 calyxes clothed with fine velvety down ; racemes loose, brac- 

 teate. ^ , S. Native of Senegal. C. Javanica aff^inis, Sieb. 



P'* exsic. seneg. no. 48. Cassia Sieberiana, D. C. prod. 2. 



p. 489. ^ 



Sieher's Purai 



g>ng 



Tree 20 to 30 feet. 



ovate-lanceolate 

 ba 



Ji?l^.^ legumes terete, with elevated sutures. ^2.8. 



se, white beneath 1 



of Sie 



stipulas subulate ; racenies pendulous, 



Native 



rra Leone, where the pods are called Monkey 



Fistula, Lin. spec. 540. Gaertn. fruct. 2. t. 147. f. 1. Woodv. 

 med. hot. t. 164. Regn. hot. with a figure. Lam. ill. t. 3S2. 

 Neck. \oy. aegypt. p. 21. t. 4. — Rumph. amb. 2. t. 21. Plench. 

 icon. t. 327. Pods cylindrical, with elevated sutures, 1-2 feet 

 long, containing a black sweet pulp. This pulp is an easy and 



There are two sorts of this drug in the shops, 

 one brought from the East Indies, the other from the West. The 

 pods of the latter are generally large, rough, thick, rounded, and 

 the pulp nauseous ; those of the former are smaller, smoother, 

 the pulp blacker, and of a sweeter taste, and are preferred to the 

 other. Such pods should be chosen as are heavy and new, and 

 do not make any rattling noise, from the seeds being loose 

 within, when shaken, indicating that the pulp is dried up. 

 The pulp should be of a bright shining black colour, and have a 

 sweet taste. The greatest part of the pulp dissolves both in 

 water and alcohol, and may be extracted from the pod by either. 

 In the shops they boil the bruised pods in water, and evaporate 

 the solution to a due consistence. Vauquelin has analyzed the 

 pulp, and found it to consist of parenchyma, gluten, gelatine, gum, 

 extractive, and crystallizable sugar. In medicine, the pulp from 

 its saccharine and extractive constituents is a gentle laxative, 

 and is recommended in a dose of some drachms in costive 

 habits. In larger quantities it generally excites nausea, although 

 some recommend it. 



Fistula-^oAiSiQ^ Purging-cassia or Pudding Pipe-tree. FJ. June, 

 July. Clt. 1731. Tree 30 to 50 feet. 



13 C. RHOMBiFOLius; Icaves with 3-4 pairs of ovate-roundish, 



very blunt, glabrous leaflets ; petioles glandless ; racemes loose. 



Tj . S. Native of the Island of Timor. Cassia rhombifolia, 



Roxb. hort. beng. p, 31. Cassia Fistula, var. (i. ? ovata, D. C\ 



.prod. 2. p. 490. 



