LEGUMINOSiE. CCLXXXI. Schotia. CCLXXXIL Copaifera- 



455 



Tamarind-leaved Schotia. Fl. May, Sept. CIt. 1795. Shrub leaves with 2-3 pairs of equal-sided leaflets, each endintr in a 



5 to 6 feet. 



long emarginate acumen, lower ones oblong, upper ones lanceo- 



3 S. stipula'ta (Ait. hort. kew. ed. 2. vol. 3. p. 33.) leaves late, hardly with pellucid dots. Ij , S. Native of Brazil. 

 with 5 pairs of oval, acute, mucronate leaflets; stipulas dimi- Hayne, pi. offic. t. 12. 



diately ovate, falcate, mucronate. ^ . G. Native of the Cape 

 of Good Hope. Flowers crimson. 



Beyrich's Balsam of Capevi tree. Tree 20 to 30 feet. 



2 C. Guiane'nsis (Desf. mem. mus. 7. p. 376.) leaves with 



Stipulaceous Schotia. Fl. May, Sept. Clt. 1794. Sh. 5 to 6 ft. 2-4 pairs of equal-sided leaflets, each ending in a long aplcu- 

 4 S. ala'ta (Thunb. fl. cap. ed. Schult. 1. p. 389.) leaves lated point, lower ones ovale, upper ones oblong, full of pellucid 



dots. T2 • S. Native of Guiana, near the Rio Negro. Hayne, 



with usually 4 pairs of cuneiform cut, usually convolute leaflets, 

 which are reflexed at the apex. Tj . G. Native of the Cape of 

 Good Hope. Flowers axillary, pedunculate. Petiole furnished 

 with a narrow wing. 



Winged Schotia. Fl. June, July. Clt, 1816. Sh. 4 to 6 feet. 



Sect. II. Schotia^ria (an alteration from the generic name). 

 D. C. prod. 2. p. 508. Legume turgid. Leaves simple. 



pi. offic. 1. 13. 



Guiana Balsam of Capevi tree. Clt. 1817. Tree 30 to 40 ft. 



3 A. Ma'rtii (Hayne, 1. c.) leaves with 2-3 pairs of ovate, 

 equal-sided, dotless leaflets, ending each in a short emarginate 

 acumen. Tj . S. Native of Brazil. Hayne, pi. ofiic. t. 15. 



Martius's Balsam of Capevi tree. Tree 30 to 40 feet. 



4 C. Jacquinia^na (Hayne, 1. c.) leaves with 2-5 pairs of 



5 S. siMPLiciFOLiA (Vahl.ined. D. C. prod. 2. p. 508.) leaves ovate, incurved, unequal-sided, bluntly acuminated leaflets, full 



oval, emarginate, obtuse, quite smooth, shining, quite entire, 3- 

 nerved, and reticulately veined ; racemes terminal ; rachis, 

 calyxes, and pedicels clothed with short velvety down ; stamens 

 exceeding the petals, and the petals exceeding the calyx. T2 



of pellucid dots. Tp . S. Native of Martinique, Trinidad, &c. 

 Hayne, t. 14. C. officinalis, Lin. spec. 557. Jacq. amer, t. 86. 

 Lam. ill. t. 342. Woodv. med. bot. 3. t. 137. H. B. et Kunth, 

 nov. gen. 7. t. 659. The trees which produce the balsam of 



Native country unknown. Legume turgid according to Vahl. Capeviy or Copazra, are natives of the Spanish West India Islands, 



Simple-leaved Schotia. Shrub 4 to 6 feet. 



Sect. III. Ompiialobioides (from Omplialohium , a genus in 



Connaraceae, and idea, like ; resembles that genus in habit). 



D. C. prod. 2. p. 508. Sepals only connected a very little at 



the base. Filaments somewhat monadelphous at the very base. 



Legume on a short pedicel, oval, compressed, almost indehis- 



cent, 1 -celled, and 2-seeded. Seed girded by an ample aril at 

 the base. 



6 S. lATiioLiA (Jacq. fragm. 23. t. 15. f. 4.) leaves with 2-4 

 pairs of obovate, very blunt, mucronate leaflets ; sepals 4 ; petals 

 oblong, hardly attenuated at the base ; stamens monadelphous, 

 4 times longer than the calyx ; legume 2-seeded. Tj . G. Na- 

 tive of the Cape of Good Hope. Omphalobium Schotia, Jacq. 

 eel. icon. ined. Petals and stamens purple and white. Seeds 

 orbicular, brown, furnished with a yellow ariUus. 



Broad4eaved Schotia. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1810. Sh. 6 ft. 



twW. The species of this genus are very elegant when in 

 ower. They succeed best in a cool part of a stove, as the 

 green-house is rather too cold for them in winter, although they 

 are natives of the Cape of Good Hope. The soil best suited for 

 lem is a mixture of loam, peat, and sand, and ripened cuttings 

 ^^ul root readily if planted in a pot of sand, with a hand-glass 

 placed over them in a moderate heat. 



and of some parts of South America, and the resinous juice 

 flows in considerable quantities from incisions made in the trunk. 

 The juice is clear and transparent, of a whitish or pale yellow 

 colour, an agreeable smell, and a bitterish pungent taste. It is 

 usually about the consistence of oil, or a little thicker ; when 

 long kept it becomes nearly as thick as honey, retaining its clear- 

 ness ; but it has never been observed to grow dry or solid, as 

 other resinous juices do. The best resin of Copaiva comes from 

 Brazil. Pure resin of Copaiva dissolves entirely in alcohol ; the 

 solution has a very fragrant smell. Distilled with water it yields 

 a large quantity of a limpid essential oil, but no benzoic acid ; 

 it is therefore not a balsam, but a turpentine, a combination of 

 resin and volatile oil. In medicine the resin of Copaiva is a use- 

 ful tonic, but in some degree irritating. In large doses it proves 

 purgative, and promotes urine, and is supposed to clean and heal 

 exulcerations in the urinary passages more effectually than any 

 of the other resinous fluids. The resin has been principally 

 celebrated in chronic catarrh, gleets, and the fluor albus, and ex- 

 ternally as a vulnerary. The dose of this medicine rarely ex- 

 ceeds 20 or 30 drops, though some authors direct GO or upwards. 

 It may be conveniently taken in the form of an emulsion, into 

 which it may be reduced by triturating it with oil of almonds, with 

 a thick mucilage of gum-arabic, or with the yolk of eggs, till they 

 are well incorporated, and then gradually adding a proper quan- 

 tity of water. 



JacqmrCs Balsam of Capevi tree. Tree 30 to 40 feet. 



CCLXXXIL COPATFERA (from Copaiba, the Brazilian 5 C bijuga (Hayne, 1. c.) leaves with 2 pairs of incurved, 



^..., «.idyi.„, , ^ 



^ngthe balsam of Capevi). Lin. gen. no. 542. Desf. mem. mus. 

 P- 375. H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 7. p. 265. D. C. prod. 

 ^- P- 509. Hayne, pi. offic. ex Schlecht. Linneea. vol. 1. p. 425. 

 ^Upaiva, Jacq. amer. 133. 



Ijix. syst. Decdndria, Monogynia. Calyx bractless 

 I connected at the very base, spreading, small, and equal. 

 ^tals wanting. Stamens 10, distinct, nearly equal; anthers 

 *?"g* Style filiform. Legume stipitate, obliquely elliptic 



^naceous, somewhat compressed, 2-valved, 2-ovulate, 1 -seeded. 

 ^ed elliptic, wrapped in a fleshy arillus. Embryo straight, with 40 feet. 



oval, bluntly-acuminated, unequal-sided leaflets, which are full 

 of pellucid dots. 1^ .S. Native of Brazil. Hayne, pi. offic. t. IG. 

 Two-p)airedAea&etted Balsam of Capevi-tree. Tree 30 to 40 

 feet. 



• 6 C. MULTijUGA (Hayne, 1. c.) leaves with 6-10 pairs of some- 

 Sepals what incurved, unequal-sided leaflets, ending each in a long api- 



culated acumen, lower ones ovate-oblong, upper ones lanceolate, 

 all full of pellucid dots. ^ . S. Native of Brazil. Hajne, pi. 



offic. t. 17. f. c. 



Many-paired'lesiQetted Balsam of Capevi tree. Tree 30 to 



^sublateral radicle. — Trees, natives of the tropical parts of Ame- 

 ^ca, with impari-pinnate leaves, and coriaceous, somewhat un- 

 ^^al, ovate leaflets. Flowers white, disposed in panicles. 



Leaves imparUpinnate : leaflets reticulated with ribs. 



* * Leaves impari-pinnate ; leaflets reticulately veined, 



7 C. Jusst^Ei (Hayne, 1. c.) leaves with 5-6 pairs of incurved, 

 nearly equal-sided leaflets, each ending in a long mucronate acu- 



^ C. Beyrichii (Hayne in Schlecht. Linneea. 1. p. 425.) men, lower ones ovate-lanceolate, upper ones oval-oblong, all full 



