CHRYSOBALANE^. I. Chrysobalanus. 



477 



the petals, few (f. 61. c.) or numerous (f. 59. c. f. QO. d.\ 10, the 6 on one side fertile, the 4 on the other side sterile and 



having the filaments incurved when the flower is in sestivation. tooth-formed. Ovary 2-ovulate. Berry? wrinkled, villous 



Anthers 2-celled, burstingby a double chink. Ovary 1 (f. 61. e.), inside, 1-seeded. 



free, having the style proceeding from its base (f. 61. d.\ and con- 9 Hirte'lla. Calyx obtusely 5-lobed (f. 61. a.). Petals 5, 



taining2erectovula(f. 61. e.). The pedicel of the ovary closely small, deciduous (f. 61. h). Stamens 3-15 (f. 61. c). Drupe 



cohering to the calyx. Style simple, crowned by a more or less furrowed (f. 61. e.), containing a 1-celled nut. Albumen 



dilated stigma. 



Seed usually solitary from abortion, exalbu- fleshy. Cotyledons foliaceous. 



minous in all except Hirtellaj in which it is fleshy and the coty- 

 ledons foliaceous ; in the rest of the genera the cotyledons are 

 fleshy and thick. — This order is composed of trees and shrubs, 

 natives within the tropics, with simple, entire, feather-nerved, 



f Genera apparently belonging to the present order. 



10 Leuco'stomon. Calyx 5 -parted ; lobes acute, coloured, 

 ciduous, with the lower one permanent, srlandular. and stami- 



glandless, petiolate leaves, and axillary and terminal racemes [^^^erous above. Petals wanting. Stamens about 20, inserted 



or panicles of small flowers. The fruit of the greater part of the ^'" ^ calycine disk. Ovary free, ovate, pubescent, 5-furrowed, 



plants are eatable, though by no means very palatable, being ex- ^"^^"S ^'^ ^ filiform style. Fruit unknown, 

 tremely dry and farinaceous : they generally go under the name ^^ Trilepi^sium. Calyx 5-lobed, free from the ovary. Pe- 



of plums in the places of their natural growth. The principal ^^^ wanting. Stamens numerous, inserted in the tube of the 



distinguishing characters in the fructification of Chrysobalanece ^^^^^^ ^^^ disposed in many series. Tube terminated by y 



are the style proceeding from the base of the ovarium (f. 61. d.\ ^'S^^^ between the stamens and pistil. Ovary 1-seeded, Style 



the ovula (which in Amygdalacece are 2 in number), as well ^'^^ ^^ ^^^ ^P^^' crowned by a tomentose stigma. 



as in the embryo being erect (f. 61. e.). The greater part of 



L CHRYSOBA'LANUS (from xP^^^Cj chrysosy gold, and 



the Chrysobalanece have their flowers more or less irregular, /3a\avoc, balanos^ an acorn ; in reference to the yellow fruit of 

 this irregularity consisting in the cohesion of the stipe of the some of the specie^s). Lin. gen. 621. Larn. ill. t. 428. D. C. 



ovary with one side of the calyx, and a greater number or 

 greater perfection of stamina, on the same side of the flower. 



Synopsis of the genera* 



1 Chrysoba'lanus. Calyx campanulate, 5-cleft (f. 59. a.). 

 Petals 5, unguiculate. Stamens about 20 (f. 59. c.) inserted 



prod. 2. p. 525. — Icaco, Plum. gen. 43. t. 5. 



Lin. syst. Icosdndriay Monogynia. Calyx campanulate, 

 5-cleft. Petals 5, unguiculate. Stamens about 20, nearly equal 

 in length, disposed in one series. Drupe fleshy, plum-formed, 

 containing an ovate, 5-furrowed, 1-seeded nut. — Trees with 

 simple leaves, and racemes or panicles of insignificant flowers, 

 Fruit of all edible. 



1 C. Ica'co (Lin. spec. 513.) 



emargmate ; racemes axillary, di- 

 chotomous ; stamens hairy. Tj . S. 

 Native of South America and the 

 West Indies, by the sea-side, as 

 well as of the southern parts of 

 North America, 

 t. 94. 



Jacq.amer. 154. 

 Plum. ed. Burm. t. 158. 



on one side. Drupe plum-formed (f. 59. d.), containing an leaves nearly orbicular, or obovate, 

 ovate, 5-furrowed, 1-seeded patamen. 



2 Moqui'lea. Calyx turbinate, acutely 5-toothed. Pe- 

 ^Is 5, orbicular. Stamens about 40, inserted in the calyx 

 beneath the petals. Ovary hairy. Drupe woody. 



3 Coue'pia. Calyx tubular, obtusely 5-lobed. Petals 5, 

 nearly orbicular. Stamens about 20, inserted in the top of the 

 calycme tube. Drupe egg^sljaped, dry, covered with a thick, 

 "ory, coriaceous rind. Seed 1, inclosed in a fragile testa. 



* Acio'a. Calyx tubular, bluntly 5-lobed. Petals 5, oblong, 

 "ijequal. Stamens 10-12, projecting on one side of the flower, 

 ^* the filaments joined to the middle. Drupe ovate, coria- 

 <^eous, containing a 1-celled, l-seeded nut. 



^ Parina RiuM. Calyx urceolate, 5-cleft. Petals 5. 



^"s 15. Ovary villous. Drupe ovate, thick, farinaceous, 

 ^ontaining a hard, wrinkled, rough, 2-celled, 2-seeded nut. 

 S^eds clothed with wool. 



6 Grange^ria. Calyx bluntly 5-cleft (f. 60. a.). Petals 5 

 ([• 60. b.), soon falling off. Stamens 15 (f. 60. d.\ unequal. 



FIG. 59. 



Catesb.car. 1. t. 25. Panicles axil- M 



lary, dichotomous. Flowers white. 

 Fruit about the size of a plum, 

 ovate-roundish, varying much in 

 colour, white, yellow, red, but 

 most commonly purple, and usu- 

 ally covered with a kind of bloom ; 



and the pulp 







^ary woolly. Drupe olive-formed, rather triquetrous (f. 60. 

 *h containing a bony, triquetrous, 1-seeded nut. 



• I-inca'nia. Calyx bibracteolate on the outside, 5-clert. 



^^als wanting. Stamens 5-10, when 5 they are opposite the 



^%cine lobes. Drupe olive-formed, fleshy, containing a 1- 

 seedednut. 



* Thely'ra. Calyx campanulate, ending in a tube, which is 

 ^ '^ate to the peduncle, as in Pelargonium. Petals 5. Stamens 



g^^^ the skin is thin, 



white, adhering firmly to the stone, the taste sweet, with some 

 austerity, but not unpleasant, and is eaten both raw and pre- 

 served. The fruit is called Icaco or Cocoa plum^ and is sold 

 in the markets in the West Indies, under these names. 



Far. (3, pellocdrpus (Meyer, prim, esseq. 1 93.) leaves roundish- 

 ovate or obovate ; fruit oval, brown. ^2 • S. Native of Guiana. 

 C. purpureus. Mill. diet. no. 2. Brown, jam. 250. t. 17. f. 5. 

 Perhaps a proper species. 



Icaco or Common Cocoa-plum. Clt. 1752. Sh. 3 to 6 feet. 



2 C. ELLi'pTicus (Smeathm. herb. Hort. trans. 5. p. 453.) 

 leaves elliptic, obtuse, or acute, never emarginate; racemes ax- 

 illary, dichotomous ; stamens hairy. ^ . S. Native of Sierra 

 Leone, on the sea-side. Racemes sometimes disposed in a 

 bracteolate panicle. Fruit the size of a damson plum, with 

 a black thin skin, and the flesh like that of the last species. 

 The fruit is eatable. 



