SPIRiEACE^. I. PuRsHiA. 11. Kerria. III. Spir^a. 



517 



inwardly, somewhat 2-valved. Seeds 2-4, rarely solitary from 



Cult. A dry light sandy soil will answer this shrub best. 



abortion, rising from the margin of the inner suture, at the mid- Cuttings may be rooted under a hand-glass, but the shrub is 

 die or near the base, suspended, without aril and without albu- ^^sier increased by seeds. 



4 ■ 



II. KE^RRIA (in honour of — Kerr, sometime superinten- 

 dant of the botanic garden in Ceylon). D. C. in Lui. trans. 12. 



men. Embryo straight, inverted in Spirce^a, but probably erect 

 in the other genera. Cotyledons flat, thickish. This order is 

 composed of shrubs or herbs, with simple, trifoliate, or pin- 

 nate leaves. The roots of all the plants contained in it 



p. 156. prod, 2. p. 541. 



Lin, syst. Icosdndria^ Pentagynia. Calyx 5-cleft ; lobes 

 ovate, 3 of which are obtuse, and the other 2 callosely mucronate 



are so astringent as to be sometimes used for tannine. The «*. i^i ' •!,'*• 1- .- n * i r i • i o 



^.„. . .y. ,.v . ""i'fc. j-iic gj. ^jjg apex, imbricate in aestivation. Petals 5, orbicular. Sta- 



Gtllenm trifoliata is remarkable in having, in addition to its as- 

 tringency, an emetic property, on which account it is employed 

 in North America as Ipecacuanha. It is said a similar power style. 



mens about 20, arising from the calyx with tlie petals, exserted. 

 Carpels 5-8, globose, free, glabrous, each ending in a filiform 



Seed solitary in the carpels, adhering laterally. — An 



exists in other plants of this order. evergreen shrub, with smooth green bark, twiggy branches, 



fPi; 1 • V • ■ 1 1 /• ^, , ,v , , ovate-lanceolate, coarsely and unequally serrated, feather-nerved, 



Ihis order is distinguished from Chrysobalanece by the conduplicate leaves, lincar-subulate stipulas, and large yellow 



numerous follicular dehiscent carpels, and from Rosacece in the flowers, which are usually double in the gardens, 

 carpels, and in the styles being terminal, not lateral, as in that 1 K. Jap6nica (D. C. 1. c). ^i • H. Native of Japan. Rii- 



bus Japonicus, Lin. mant. 245. C6rchorus Japonicus, Thunb. 



order. 



Synopsis of 



fl. jap. p. 227* Andr. hot. rep. 587. Sims, hot. mag. 1296. Spi- 

 rae'a Japonica, Cambess. aim. sc. nat. 1. p. 389. Flowers yellow. 



1 Pu'rshia. Lobes of calvx all obtuse. Stamens about 25, The single-flowered Kerria has not yet been introduced to the 

 rising from the calyx. Carpels 1-2, ovate, oblong, containing 

 1 seed, which is inserted at the base of the carpel. Leaves 



cuneated, deeply toothed at the apex. ^ ._ „ _. „...^ 



AE RRiA. Lobes of calyx 5, 3 of which are obtuse, and enough to stand the winter in the open air, if planted against a 



the other 2 mucronate. Stamens about 20, arising from the south wall. Cuttings, taken off at a joint when in a young 



ojlyx. Carpels 5-8, globose, containing 1 seed each, which state, root readily, if planted under a hand-glass. 



IIL SPIRiE'A (said to be from ffTreipaWf speirao, to become 



gardens, but the double-flowering variety is very common, 

 Japan Kerria. Fl. all the year. Clt. 1700. Sh. 4to 10 ft. 

 Cult. Kerria is an elegant shrub when in blossom, being 



clothed with double yellow flowers all the summer. It is hardy 



JO'ned, containing 2-6 seeds in each, fixed to the inner suture. 



4 GllLENlA. 



). Petals linear, con- 



ttlhere 



8 Spir^'a. Calyx 5-cleft (f. 65. a. f 66 a ). Stamens 20- spiral ; in allusion to the fitness of the plants to be twisted into 



50, inserted with the petals in ihe iorus', which ' adheres to the S^^^f^ds). Lin. gen. 630. G^rtn. fruct. 1. p. 337. t 69. D. C 



caljX Carnpl« 9 K AT ^^ ^x i i- ^ i prod. 2. p. 541.— Spirae'a, Ulmaria, and Filipendula, 1 ourn. mst. 



;.;L _ /^P^^ ^-5 {t. 65. rf.), rarely sohtary, free, rarely _Spirse^a species, Cambessedes, mon. spir, in ann. sc. nat. 1. 



p. 227. 



Lin. syst. Icosdndriay Di-Pentagynia. Calyx 5-cleft (f 65. 

 a. f. 66. «.), permanent. Stamens 10-50, inserted in the torus, 

 lining the calyx along with the petals. Carpels solitary, or 

 several together (f. 65. d.% rarely connected at the base, ending 

 in short points, sessile, rarely stipitate. Seeds 2-6, fixed to the 

 inner suture of the carpel. Embryo inverted. Cotyledons thickish. 



Unarmed shrubs or perennial herbs, with alternate branches. 

 Leaves usually simple, but sometimes pinnately cut, as iu Sec- 



Ulmaria^ having pinnate or palmately ternate nerves. 



^racted at the base (f. 67. c), rising from the top of the 

 ^»J>e. Stamens 10-15, inclosed (f. 07. h.). Carpels 5, some- 

 what connate into a 5-celled fruit ; cells 2-seeded, 



T ^ genus doubtful whether it belongs to the present order. 



Adenile'ma. Calyx glandular, 5-cleft. Stamens numer- 

 p, inserted with the petals in the calyx. Ovary simple. Style 

 • Upsule inclosed in the calyx, 1-celled, dehiscent, many- 

 *^ded. Seeds albuminous. 



Flor A ."^-^ 0" honour of Frederick Pursh, author of 

 D p ?^encae Septentrionalis, 2 vols. 8vo. London, 1817). 



Pur«K fl ^^^^^' ^2- P- 154. prod. 2. p. 541.— Tigarea, 



I "' «• amer. sept. 1. p. 33. t. 15. but not of Aublet. 



tion 



Flowers white or reddish, never yellow. 



Sect. I. Physoca'rpos (^vo-a, physa^ a bladder, and mpTroc, 

 TcarpoSy a fruit ; in reference to the bladdery carpels). Cambess. 

 in ann. sc. nat. 1. p. 385. D. C. prod. 2. p. 542. Ovaries 

 connected at the base. Torus lining thecalycine tube. Carpels 

 bladdery, rather membranous. Ovula 2-3, fixed to the semi- 

 niferous margin of the carpel, ovoid, at first horizontal, but at 



Petals 5, obovate. Stamens about 25, rising pedicels 1 -flowered. Leaves toothed or somewhat lobed, usually 



Mono-Digynia. Calyx 5-cleft; lobes length suspended. Flowers hermaphrodite, disposed in umbels; 



•"»Ji xh Petals 5, obovate. Stame: 



j^" e petals from the calyx. Carpels l-2y ovate-oblong, pu- stipulate. 

 a Ion"'/ ^P^^^^g ^"to the style at the apex, at length opening bv 

 --A i! ^'"'^^- ^^^^ 1, inserted in the base of the carpel. 

 wedg^^J ^^^^ched shrub, with scaly buds. Leaves crowded, 

 but ci J j^^.' ^i^eply 3-toothed at the apex, smoothish above, 

 Flowo ^^^ with hoary tomentum beneath. Stipulas very small. 

 »*ers yellow. 



Amer! ^^^^^NTA^TA (D. C. 1. c). ^i . H. Native of North 

 pralriA rT ^^^ ^^"^^ ^^ ^^e Columbia river, and in the 

 Tirirp 1-i^ ^°^^y Mountains, &c. Hook. fl. bor. amer. t. 8. 

 Vff '^'^'^^' Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 1. p. S3. 

 ^aenra/e-Ieaved Purshia. Ch. 1826. Shrub 1 to 2 feet. 



1 S. opuLiFOLiA (Lin. spec. 702.) leaves cordate, 3-lobed, bi- 

 serrated, stalked ; corymbs pedunculate, hemispherical ; flowers 

 numerous ; pedicels slender, glabrous ; sepals spreading ; carpels 

 large, diverging; seeds obovate, shining, yellow. ^ . H. Na- 

 tive of North America, from Canada to Carolina, on the moun- 

 tains. Cambess. in ann. sc. nat. 1. p. 386. Lois, in Duham. 

 ed.nov. 6. p. 61. t. 14.— Comm. hort. 1. p. 169. t. 87. Flowers 



white. Carpels 3. 



Var. (i, tomentella (Ser. in D. C. prod. 2. p. 542.) peduncles 

 and calyxes tomentose. Native at the grand rapids of the Colum- 

 bia river. 



