QUILLAJEiE, 11. QuiLLAjA. III. Vauquelinia. IV. Lindleya. ROSACEA. 



523 



terminal, permanent. Stigmas unilateral. — Evergreen trees, with 

 undivided leaves, Stipulas 2, petiolar, caducous. Flowers 



corymbose, polygamous. 

 1 Q. sapona'ria (MoL chil. p. 



) 



rounding the orifice (f. 74. g. f. 75. e.), having the fifth lobe 

 next the axis. Petals 5 (f. 71. b. f. 72. b. f. 75. e, &c.), peri- 

 gynous, equal. Stamens indefinite (f. 69. c. f. 71. c), arising 



FIG. 68. 



plentiful in the woods of the provinces of Rire d Richacay. Q. 

 Molinae, D. C. prod. 2. p. 547. Q. Smegmadermos, D. C. prod. 

 8. p. 547. Smegmadermos emar- 

 ginatus, Ruiz et Pav. fl. per. 



syst. I. p. 288. Smegm^ria emar- 

 ginata, Willd. spec. 4. p. 1123. 

 In Chili the bark is used as a sub- 

 stitute for soap. 



Soap Quillaja. Fl. Dec. Feb. 



Tree 60 (eet. 



2 Q. lanceola'ta (D. Don, in 



edinb. phil. journ. Jan. 1831.) 

 leaves lanceolate, acute, entire. 

 ^. S. Native of Brazil, (f. 68.) 



Lanceolate ' leaved Quillaja. 

 Tree. 



Cult. See Kagenechia for cul- 

 ture and propagation, p. 522. 



oval, for the most part toothed. ^> . G. Native of Chili, very f^*^"^ ^^]^ ^^^'^^ J^^^ w^^^^« ^^^^ P^^^ls ; they are curved inwards 



in aestivation; anthers innate, 2-celled, bursting lengthwise. 



Ovaries superior (f. 71. d.)y several, 1 -celled, 1 -seeded. Ovula 

 usually suspended, rarely erect. Styles lateral, near the apex of 

 the ovaries. Stigmas simple and emarginate on one side. Fruit 

 either 1-seeded nuts or akenia (f. 71. d* f. 72. c). Seeds erect 

 or inverted. Embryo straight, with a taper short radicle, point- 

 ing to the hylum, and flat cotyledons. Albumen wanting. — This 

 order is composed of herbaceous plants or slirubs, but never 

 trees. Leaves simple or compoimd, with 2 stipulas at the base. 

 Rosciccce are distinguished from Pomacece by their superior fruit, 

 and usually suspended seeds ; from Legummbscehy their regular 

 petals and stamens, and especially by the odd segment of the 

 5-lobed calyx of that order, which is anterior, not posterior, as 

 in Rosacece ; from Chrysobalanece in their styles proceeding 

 from the side of the ovarium near the apex, and not from the 

 base, as in that order, by their more regular petals and stamens, 

 and by their fruit not being a drupe ; Amygdalacece differ from 

 Rosacece by their terminal styles, drupaceous fruit, and presence 

 ofprussic-acid, along with the formation of gum; Sanguisorbece 

 differ from Rosacece in their apetalous flowers and definite sta- 

 mens, alternating with the segments of the calyx ; Sptrccacece 

 and Quilldjece differ from Rosacece by their follicular fruit, and 

 in the aestivation of the calyx. 



Rosaceous plants are always wholesome ; they are chiefly re- 

 markable from the presence of an astringent principle, which has 

 caused several of them to be reckoned febrifugal. The root of 

 TormentUla repens is used for tanning in the Feroe Islands ; 

 PotentUla anserina has been used by tanners ; Poteniilla repens 

 as a febrifuge. Geum urbanum and rivale have been compared 

 for efficacy to Cinchona. The fruit of many species of i^ra^ana 

 or strawberry, and Rubus or raspberry and cloudberry, 

 valuable articles for the dessert. The leaves of Rubus arctkns 



III. VAUQUELrNIA (in honour of M. Vauquelin, the ce- 

 lebrated French chemist, whose discoveries have been extended 

 to the vegetable kingdom). Corr. in Humb. et Bonpl. pi. sequin. 

 1. p. 140. t. 40. D. C. prod. 2. p. 547. 



Lm. SYST. Icosdndria, Pentagynia. Calyx 5-cleft, perma- 

 nent. Petals 5, permanent. Stamens 15-20, permanent, ex- 

 serted with the petals from the calyx. Anthers oblong. Carpels 

 5,joined into a 5-celled, S-styled ovarium. Styles 5. Stigmas 

 capitate. Capsule ovate, 5-celled ; cells 2-valved, dehiscent, 2- 

 seeded. Seeds ending in a membranous wing, as in the rest of 

 Ae genera, erect. — A tree, with alternate, lanceolate, unequally 

 toothed, exstipulate? leaves, and terminal corymbs of white 

 flowers. Flowers probably dioecious. 



1 V. coRYMBosA (Corr. 1. c.) ^ . S. Native of Mexico, in 



jemperate parts near Actopan. H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen- amer. 

 "' p. 238. 



Corym5o5e-flowered Vauquelinia. Tree 50 feet. 



t-tt/f. See Kagenechia for culture and propagation, p. 522. 



IV. LINDLE YA (in honour of John Lindley, F.R.S, F.L.S. ^^^ ^^^^ ruUginbsa have been employed as a substitute for tea. 

 professor of botany in the London university). H. B. et Kunth, Agrimdnia eupatbria yields a decoction useful as a gargle. The 

 iiAv ^^« ^ ^ ^ , . j.^Q^^£ jlill^g ^lll^g^g is a popular astringent in North America 



permanent, i^ cholera infantum. One of the most powerful anthelmintics 



in the world belongs to this family, an Abyssinian plant, Brayera 

 anthelmintica. Upon the authority of Dr. Brayer two or three 

 doses of the infusion are sufficient to cure the most obstinate 

 case of taenia. The various species of roses form some of the 

 greatest beauties of the garden. The fruit of Rosa canlnaf and 

 other allied species, is astringent, and is employed against chronic 

 diarrhoea and other maladies. The petals of Rosa damascena 



J- gen. amer. 6. p. 239. D. C. prod. 2. p. 548. 



WN. SYST, Icosandria, Pentagynia. Calyx 5-cl 

 til 1^' Stamens 15-20, inserted in the disk m the throat ot 

 l»e calyx. Anthers lanceolate, uncinately reflexed at the base. 



arpels 5, connected into a 5-celled, 5-styled ovarium, contain- 



^H 2 pendulous ? ovula each, 

 calyx 



woody, 



Capsule 5-celled, propped by the 

 .,, 5-angled. Seeds with winged margins. — A 

 smooth tree, with scattered simple crenulated bistipulate leaves, 

 ^ axillary solitary white brae 

 preaches very near Vauquelinia. 



genus ap 



the V 

 tree. 



Mexico 



yield a highly fragrant essential oil, called attar of roses ; tl 



illage of Magdalena. Habit of Pyrus mains, or the apple- of Rosa gallica are astringent when dried with rapidity, and are 

 ^Imilus'like Lindleya. Tree 20 to 30 feet. 



QulL 



Ord 



and 



sometimes found useful in cases of debility, such as leucorrhoea 

 and diarrhoea, &c. 



CE^ 



'^Portant characters). Juss. gen. 334. part. 



Synopsis of the genera 



Tribe I. 



Cal 



yx 4.5-lobea, valvate in sestivation, with the disk sur- 



Drya'de^. 

 3x2 



left (f. 70. h.), rarely many 



