ROSACEiE. VIII. RuBus. 



531 



I 



teietej pubescent ; prickles scattered ; leaves pinnate, with usually 

 7 oval serrulated leaflets, which are white beneath from toinen- 

 lum; racemes axillary; flowers apetalous ; calycine segments 

 nearly linear, acute ; carpels few. ^2 • S. Native of the Isle of 

 France. 



Apetahus Bramble. Fl. June, July. Clt- \%2S. Sh. 6 feet. 



20 R. MACROPODUS (Ser. in D. C. prod, 2. p. 557.) branches 

 tomentose ; prickles numerous on the peduncles, slender, and 

 recurved; leaves of the fertile branches pinnately trifoliate, 

 clothed with hoary tomentum beneath, and rather pilose above ; 

 leaflets crenated, terminal one large and deeply 3-lobed ; flowers 



fertile ones trifoliate ; leaflets ovate, deeply serrated, clothed 

 with white tomentum beneath ; stipulas setaceous ; peduncles 

 sub-corymbose ; calyx clothed with white tomentum, with ovate- 

 lanceolate segments ; petals pbovate, cuneated, entire, connivent, 

 shorter than the calyx ; carpels numerous, pubescent. ^ . H. 

 Native of Europe, in woods and hedges; plentiful in some parts 

 of Wales and Scotland. Smith, engl. bot. 2442. Woodv. med. 

 hot. t. 138. Oed. fl. dan. 788.— Blackw. herb. 289. II. fram- 

 bsesianus. Lam. fl. fr. 3. p. 135. — Framboisier, Duham. arbr. fr. 

 2. t, 255. f. 260. The raspberry is calledyV^wftoisicr in French, 

 himheerestrauch in German, and rovo idea in Italian. The stems 



axillary, solitary; peduncles longer than the leaves; calycine of the ra^pBen*?/ are biennial, upright, but the root is perennial, 

 segments linear-lanceolate, 5-nerved, acuminated, rather woolly, The flowers come out in panicles from the extremity of the 

 prickly, rather foliaceous at the apex, twice the length of the 

 corolla. Ij. G. Native of New South Wales. 



Long'petioled Bramble. Shrub. 



21 R. STRiGosus (Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 297.) stem 



terete, very hispid; leaves of the sterile branches quinately 



pmnale, of the fertile branches 3-lobed ; leaflets ovate, unequally 



serrated, obtuse at the base, lined beneath, and clothed with 



white tomentum, the terminal lobe or leaflet usually subcordate; 



^duncles usually 3-flowered, and are as well as the calyxes his- 



N. ^ .H. Native of Pennsylvania and Canada, on the mountains. 



K. Pennsylvanicus, Poir. diet. 6. p. 246. Petals white, longer 

 than the calyx. 



Slrigose Bramble. Shrub. 



«2 R. BiFLORus (Hamilt. ex Smith in Rees' cycl. vol. 30,) 

 [tem prickly at the base ; leaves of the sterile branches with 5 

 ieaflets, of the fertile branches trifoliate ; leaflets ovate or elh'p- 

 ac, unequally serrated, cuneated at the base, clothed with white 

 omentum beneath, but villous above; petioles and branches 

 tomentose and prickly; stipulas linear; peduncles elongated, 



in or tern; calycine segments broad, oval, acuminated, length . , j / j t-. - ^r» a ct i i r *. r 



"f the petals, fj . H. Native of Upper Nipaul, on the banks red, large red, lord Exmouth s A very fine large red fru.t, of 



year's shoots ; they are white, and appear in May and June. 

 It is a native of Britain, and not uncommon in w^oods in low 

 situations. 



Use. The fruit is grateful to most palates as nature presents 

 it, but sugar improves the flavour ; accordingly it is much es- 

 teemed when made into sweetmeats, and for jams, tarts, and 

 sauces. It is fragrant, subacid, and cooling, allays heat and 

 thirst. It is much used in distilling, to make the cordial spiri- 

 tuous liquor, from which it has its name. Raspberry synip is 

 next to the strawberry in dissolving the tartar of the teeth, as 

 like that fruit it does not undergo the acetous fermentation in 

 the stomach ; it is recommended to gouty and rheumatic patients. 



The varieties oi raspberry are as follow. 



Red raspberries. 



1 Red Antwerp^ Burley, late-bearing Antwerp, KnevetCs Ant- 

 werp, framboisier rouge a grosfruit, A red fruit of the first 

 quality. 



2 Barnet, Cornwall's prolific^ Cornwall's seedlings Cornwall's 



Jj nvers, and in the vicinity of Chitlong. R: pedunculosus, D. 



on, prod. fl. nep. 234. where the stem is said to be unarmed. 



^m^owered Bramble. Fl. April, June. Shrub 4 to 6 feet. 



^3 R. occidenta'lis (Lin. spec. 706.) stems terete, pruinose ; 

 pnckJes recurved; leaves of the sterile branches pinnate, of the 

 wio! \^^^ ^^'ifoliate ; leaflets ovate, deeply serrated, clothed 

 Deri ^^^^^ tomentum beneath ; stipulas very narrow, setaceous ; 

 F uncles umbellate, prickly ; calycine segments lanceolate- 

 2 f ^^'^^"^^'itose, pointed at the apex ; petals obovate-cuneated, 

 8Tn V , ^P^^^^^'^gj shorter than the calyx ; carpels numerous. 



jmoot.hish, when dry wrinkled from lacunae. 

 .^nada and tb^ W... t^'^-'-s.— Sloan, jam. t. 213. f. 1. 



Stems covered with bloom. 



T2 . H. Native of 



Dill. 



Fruit 



bla \ ^' ^^^' ^' ^\^* otems coverea vf\ix\ 



3 ^^senibling that of the common raspberry. 



rif 1 f^'* Bramble or Virginian Raspberry. Fl. May, June. 

 \^^96.^Shrub4to6feL ^ ^ 



frith \ ^^^^ ^^^ ^^"' P^^^' ^' "^P* P' ^^*'^ leaves pinnate, 

 frhil"^^^^ 7 elliptic, acuminated, sharply serrated leaflets, 



H ij^ . ^^e, cuspidate; peduncles terminal, usually tern. ^. 

 • iNative of Nipaul. Flowers white. 

 J^«gA Bramble. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1821. Sh. 4 to 6 feet. 



smooth.' ^^siocARPUs (Smith in Rees' cycl. vol. 30.) stems 

 j^^^ ^h; prickles strong, recurved; leaves pinnate, with 7 leaf- 



n«nln^ ^^^^*^ ^^^^ white tomentum beneath, the terminal leaflet 

 ^^ly 3.1obed; nerves 

 ^cemose, terminal; 



^*J,ve of Mysore. 

 ^ooUy.fruited Bramble. Shrub. 



,|g, *^- ^^^'us (Lin. spec. 706.) villous ; stems terete; prickles 

 ^^» straight ; leaves of the sterile branches pinnate, of the 



the first quality, but does not bear carriage so well as the red 



Antwerp. 



3 Bromley-hilL A red fruit of the first quality. 



4 Brentford cane. A second-rate red fruit. 



5 Red cane. A red fruit, of a second-rate quality. 



6 Rough cane. A second-rate red fruit. 



7 Smooth cane. A second-rate red fruit. 



8 Common red, old red^ wild red, A worthless red fruit* 



9 Cornish. A red fruit, of the first-rate quality. 



10 Double bearings red double bearings perpetual bearing, 

 Siberian, late cane. A red fruit, having the merit of bearing 



late in the season. 



11 Williams's double bearing red. Resembles the preceding, 



but seems rather more tender. 



12 JtlUards's seedling. A second rate red fruit, 



13 Early prolific. A second-rate red kind. 



14 Red malta. 



15 Spring-grove. A second-rate red sort, but an abundant 



bearer. 



16 Superb. A second-rate red kind. 



17 Taylor's paragon^ scarlet paragon. A second-rate red 



fruit. 



18 JVilmoVs early red. A second-rate red fruit. 



19 Woodward's red globe. A second-rate red kind. 



« « 



White and yellow raspberries. 



pilose ; stipulas setaceous ; flowers 

 carpels tomentose, reticulated. 



b. S. 



20 Yellow Antwerp, white Antwerp, double bearing yellow. 

 A pale yellow fruit, of the first-rate qualify. 



21 Old white. A white fruit, of very inferior quality. 



22 Large white. 



Estimate of sorts. The red and yelhw Antwerp may be said 



to hold the similar rank in this class of fruits as the red and the 

 3t 2 



