546 



ROSACEiE. X. Fragaria. 



Chili Strawberry. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1727. PL 1 foot. by Mr. James Barnet, pubb'shed by the Horticultural Societyj 



11 F. Bonarie'nsis (Juss. herb, ex Pers. ench. 2. p. 53.) has been adopted with some little variation in the foregoing enu- 



leaflets broadly ovate, oblique at the base, villous beneath ; stem meration of varieties. In regard to the size it will be necessary 



villous. 1/. H. Native of Monte Video and Buenos Ayres. to state that the comparisons are made between the individual varie- 



Calyx villous. Petals white, large. Perhaps referrible to F. tiesof which each species is composed, and do not extend to those 



grandiflora. 



Buenos Ayrean Strawberry. Fl. April, June. PI. 1 foot. 



of other species. The general estimation of many of the sorts 

 is not so high as had been formerly stated, owing to their having 



12 F. Canade'nsis (Mich. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 299.) large ; been found tender or indifferent bearers, compared with others 



leaflets ample, oval, manifestly petiolate ; pedicels long, re- 

 curved, pendulous ; receptacle globose, scrobiculate, villous. 

 If. H. Native of North America, in woods and hilly places 

 from Hudson's Bay to the United States. Flowers white. 



which experience has proved to be superior. 



Modes of propagation. — The plants multiply spontaneously 

 every summer, as well by suckers from the parent stem as by 

 numerous runners, all of which, rooting and forming a plant at 

 every joint, require only to be removed to a bed where there is 



Canadian Strawberry. Fl. April, May. PL 1 foot. 



13 F. SuNDA^icA (Blum, bijdr. 1106.) calycine segments room for them to flourish. Each of these separately bears a 



spreading, entire ; down on petioles and peduncles spreading ; few fruit the follow^ing season, and will bear in full perfection the 



leaves ternate and quinate ; leaflets simply and bluntly serru- second summer. A plantation of the Alpine yields fruit the 



lated, pubescent on the nerves beneath. 1/ . H. 

 Java, on Mount Gede. Flowers not described. 



Sanda Strawberry. 



PI. I foot. 



♦ * « 



Leaves simple. 



14 F. monophy'lla (Willd. spec. 1093. Uster. neue ann. fasc. 

 8. p. 40. 1. 1. Curt. bot. mag. t. 63.) stoloniferous, weak ; leaves 



Native of same year that it is made. The woods and the Alpines come re- 

 gularly from seed, and bring a finer fruit than from offsets, ex- 

 cept the intention be to try for new varieties. Knight, in making 

 experiments with a view of ascertaining whether most of the 

 sorts would not breed together indiscriminately, raised about 400 

 varieties, " some very bad, but the greater part tolerably good, 



The fruit of above a dozen of the 



and a few very excellent." 

 sorts were sent to the Horticultural Society in August, 1818, 



The seeds, if sown 



simple, crenately toothed; fruit pendulous; receptacles elon- and found of various degrees of excellence. 



gated, red ; sepals at length reflexed ; hairs on peduncles ad- immediately after being gathered, will produce plants which will 



pressed. %, H. Native of Europe. F. vesca var. ^ mono- 



phylla, Duchcsn. in Lam. diet. 2. p. 532. no. 6. F. abnormis, 

 Tratt. ros. ^. p. 166. Flowers white, hermaphrodite. Fruit 

 round, small, worthless. Called one-leaved Alpine strawberry, 

 Frasier de Versailles, Frasier dfeuilles simples. 



One-leaved Strawberry. Fl. May. Clt. 1773. PL ^ foot. 



The greater part of the varieties of strawberries are furnished 

 with stolons or runners. By some botanists the species have been 

 considered only varieties, but generally are distinguished as species. 

 T. A. Knight (Hort. trans. 8. p. 207.) considers the 2^. Chilensis 

 or Chili^ the F. grandljldra or pine, and the F. Virginiana or scar^ 

 let^ (the first supposed to be a native of Surinam, the second of 



come into bearing the following year 



Soil and site. — Neill says, " Strawberries are generally placed 

 in a quarter of the garden by themselves, and it should be one 

 which is freely exposed to sun and air. They are sometimes, 

 however, planted in single rows, as edgings to borders, and in 

 this way they often produce great crops. In either case care 

 must be taken to replant them every fourth or fifth year at the 

 farthest. The alpine and wood varieties may be placed m situa- 

 tions rather cool and shady ; perhaps as an edging in the shrub- 

 bery. In such places they produce their fruit perfectly well, 

 and late in the season, which is desirable." ^ 



General culture.— The following excellent instructions for cul- 



Chili, and the tiiird of Virginia,) to be varieties only of one tivating strawberries are given by Mr. Keen of Isleworth, one 



of the best growers of that fruit. He says, " I will com- 

 mence with a general detail of my practice ; this maybe con- 

 sidered as applicable to all the varieties of the strawberry, and 

 afterwards, in noticing each kind that I cultivate, I will specity 

 such peculiarities of treatment as are exclusively applicable to 

 each. 



species, as all may be made to breed together indiscriminately. 

 The fruit has received its name from the ancient practice of lay- 

 ing straw between the rows, which keeps the ground moist and 

 the fruit clean. They are natives of teijiperate or cold climates, 

 as of Europe and America, and on the higher mountains of Asia. 

 The fruit, though termed a berry, is in correct botanical lan- 

 guage, a fleshy receptacle or polyphore studded with the car- 

 pella, commonly called seeds. 



Use. — The fruit is fragrant, whence the generic name Fra^ 



It consists almost 



garia 



delicious, and universally esteemed. 



In preparing the soil for strawberries, if it be new, an 

 as is frequently the case, very stiff, it should be trenched, but ii 

 the bottom spit of the soil, as^ sometimes happens, be of ^^^^^^ 



^ , , ^ quality, I then recommend only a simple digging, placing aung 



entirely of matter soluble in the stomach, nor neither there nor at the bottom underneath the mould so dug ; on the contra y, 

 when laid in heaps and left to rot, does it undergo the acetous should the land have been kept in a high state ^^^^"^^J^^|^^^"^^ 

 fermentation. Hence it is very nourishing, and may be safely 

 eaten in quantity. In addition to its grateful flavour, the sub- 

 acid juice has a cooling quality, particularly acceptable in sum- 

 mer. Eaten either alone or with sugar and cream, there are few 

 constitutions with which strawberries, even when taken in large 

 quantities, are found to disagree, 

 ties which render them 



Further, they have proper- 

 in most conditions of the animal 

 frame positively salutary ; and physicians concur in placing them 

 in their small catalogue of pleasant remedies. They dissolve 

 the tartarous incrustations of the teeth. They promote perspi- 

 ration. Persons afflicted with the gout have found relief from 



be good to the full depth, it will be adviseable for the bottom 

 spit to be brought up to the top, placing the dung between 

 spits. The best way to obtain new plants is by P^^^^^^^^j^JJg 

 runners in a nursery for the express purpose in the P^^-. 



; for it is a very bad plan to supply a new plantation iro 



pect to the time of planting, 1 ^^^^^^^^^^^ 



season 



old plants. With res 



found the month of March better than any other. , 



when my crops have failed I have had runners planted in 

 autumn for the following year, but these have always disap^ 

 pointed my expectations. I plant them in beds containing 

 4 rows, and the plants in each row, at a certain distance r 



using them very largely ; so have patients afflicted with the each other, leaving an alley between each bed, the ^^®^^f ^f 

 stone; and Hoffmann states he has known consumptive people the rows and of the plants in the rows, as well as the widt i 



cured by them. The bark of the root is astringent. 



the alleys, depending on the kind of strawberry planted 



The 



Of species and varieties. — The classification of strawberries width of the alleys,°as it will afterwards be stated, may app^ 



-f 



1 



