ROSACEiE. X. Fragaria. 



547 



considerable, but I am satisfied that allowing this space for the manure does not drive it into leaf hke the pine strawberry. In 

 workmen to stand on when they water tlie plants or gather the planting the beds each row must be 2 feet apart, and from plant 

 fruit is beneficial, because I have observed in other persons* 

 grounds, where less space is allotted for this purpose, that great 



to plant in the rows must be 1 8 inches, leaving the alleys be- 

 tween the beds 3 feet wide. There are many different sorts of 

 damage is done to the plants and fruit by the trampling of the hauthois ; one has the male and female organs in the same blos- 



people. 



som, and bears very freely ; but that which I most approve is 



" After the beds are planted I always keep them as clear of the one which contains the male organs in one blossom, and the 

 weeds as possible, and on no account allow any crop to be female in another ; this bears fruit of the finest colour, and of 

 planted between the rows. Upon the growing of the runners, I 

 have them cut when necessary ; this is usually three times in 

 each season. 



In the autumn I always have the rows dug be- 

 tween ; for I find it refreshes the plants materially, and I recom- 

 mend to those persons to whom it may be convenient to scatter 

 in the spring very lightly some loose straw^ or long dung between 

 the rows. It serves to keep the ground moist, enriches the 



strawberry, and forms a clean bed for the trusses of fruit to lie my beds, and was entirely disappointed in my hopes of a crop. 

 upon ; and thus by a little extra trouble and cost a more abun- In that year, suspecting my error, I obtained some male blos- 



far superior flavour. In selecting these plants care must be 

 taken that there are not too many of the male plants among 

 them, for as these bear no fruit they are apt to make more run- 

 ners than the females. I consider one male to ten females the 

 proper proportion for an abundant crop. I learned the neces- 

 sity of mixing the male plants witli the others by experience in 

 1809 : I had before that period selected female plants only for 



dant crop maybe obtained. A short time before the fruit ripens 

 I always cut off the runners to strengthen the root, and after the 

 iruit is gathered I have what fresh runners have been made 



soms, which I placed in a bottle on the bed o( female hauthois. 

 In a few days I perceived the fruit near the bottle to swell ; on 

 this observation I procured more male blossoms, and in like 



taken off with a reaping hook, together with the outside leaves manner placed them in bottles in different parts of the beds, re- 



around the main plant, after which I rake the beds, then hoe 

 them, and rake them again. In the autumn, unless the plants 



moving the bottles to fresh places every morning, and by this 



means obtained a moderate crop where I had gathered no fruit 

 •ppear very strong, I have some dung thrown in between the the preceding year. The duration of the hantbois with me sel- 

 jows, but if they are very luxuriant the dung is not required, dom exceeds three years. 

 for in some rich soils it would cause the plants to turn nearly 

 all to leaf, I also have to remark, that the dung used for manure 



should 



not be too far spent ; fresh dung from the stable door is rich earth. 



The wood straivberry is best raised from seed, which I ob- 

 tain from fruit just gathered, sowing it immediately in a bed of 



^ _ , ^ __ , When the plants are of a proper size, I transplant 



preferable to that dung, which many persons are so fond of. them into other beds, where I let them continue till the March 

 im duration of the beds must be determined by the produce of following. They are then planted in rather a moist soil in beds 



as the others, each row being 2 feet apart, and the plants in each 

 row 18 inches distant, the alley between each bed being 3 feet 

 wide ; in this way I produce abundant crops of very fine fruit. 

 I have propagated this strawberry from runners, but never with 

 such good success as from seeds, particularly if the runners were 

 taken from old roots. The duration of this strawberry with me 



fie plants, which varies much according to the different sorts ; 

 It always varies with the same sort in different soils, so that the 

 precise time of the renewal of the beds must be regulated by the 

 Observation of the gardener in each particular case. 



\ commence my observations on the different sorts with 

 jne|3/ne strawberry. The best soil for it is a light loam, though 

 other kind of strawberry will bear a strong loam better than seldom exceeds 2 years. 



It is likewise to be noticed, that this is of all others the 



but seldom 



this. 



St ditficult strawberry from which to procure a good crop, 

 articular care must be taken that they are planted in open 

 6^^«nd ; for in all gardens they grow very strong 

 treJ l^^^* ^^ consequence of being so much shaded by standard 

 ^^s; and I have observed the shade of the walnut tree to be 

 spM u^^ injurious to these than to others, for under it they 

 ^mom bear at all, but run entirely to leaf. In planting the 

 imt^t^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^^'^^^^^ I keep the rows two feet apart, and 

 aJle ^P^*^^® ^8 inches from each other in the row, leaving 

 tan^^ T^fi ^^^^ feet wide between each bed; these large dis- 

 ero?^1 i^ecessary, for the trusses of fruit in my garden 



^und are frequently a foot long. The duration of this straw- 



itij^ ^A ^^ ^^ three years ; the first year it bears the best ; 

 j^ second year the crop is very good, and the third year it is 



imperial ^^rayrfterry, which was raised by myself from and which he thought excellent. 



The alpine strawberry must always be raised from seed, 



which should be sown in a bed of rich earth in spring. When 



the plants are of a proper size, which will be in July and August, 



I plant them in rows at the back of hedges, or walls, In a rich 



or in a very moist soil ; the rows should be 2 feet apart, 



and the distance from plant to plant in the rows 12 inches. 



My alpines, thus managed, bear most abundantly, so much 



so that in gathering them there is not room for the women 



to set their feet without destroying many. Tlie alpines differ 



from all other strawberries in quickness of bearing ; for no 



other sort sown in the spring of the year will produce fruit 



under 2 years, whereas this yields a crop at the end of one 



year. Its duration with me seldom exceeds 2 years." — Horf. 



trans. 4. p. 2. 



Mr. Atkinson (Hort. trans. 5. p. 189.) describes a method of 



making strawberry beds, which he saw in a garden at Chatham, 



The beds were uuon flat 



upon 



^1 may be treated in a similar way with respect to planting, ground, each about 3 feet wide, and between them were trenches 



rath ^' f <^- as the pine ; but I have to remark, that it requires 9 inches wide, and 4 inch walls of brick on each side of the 



^K t ^'S^^^er and richer soil, and is not so liable to run to leaf trenches to keep up the earth, these trenches were about the 



,^"JPlanted under trees. depth of 2 or 3 layers oi bricks and were for the purpose of 



yD\,x^^^ ^<^^rlet strawberry mnst also be treated like the pW. holding water, which was supplied from a pump, whenever the 



^^ >*espect to distance for planting the beds oi scarlets, I put 

 thern*^ ^\ '"*^jies apart, and each plant 18 inchesjlistant in 



The dura- 



ground was dry while the plants were in fruit. By this means 

 a much greater crop of fruit was obtained, and the plants con- 

 tinued bearing much longer than in beds where there were no 

 trenches for water. According to this plan considerable extent 



^^ ^ ^^^ ^ of strawberry ground is watered with very little labour, and it 



^nd it must be^wdf supplied with dung^ for excess'of has the advantage of letting the water to the roots of the plants, 



4 A >& 



tiojj TV-^"^ ^^^^ ^^^ alleys 2 feet 6 inches wide. 



If ^l^^^^^rawberry with me seldom exceeds three years, 

 soil A . "^^^'^ I have always found to thrive best in a light 



