/ 



f 



HALORAGE^. VIL Callitriche. VIII, Hippuris. CERATOPHYLLE^. L Ceratophyllum. 



705 



broad, short, emarginate. ©• W. H. Native of North Ame- 

 rica, in marshes and on the borders of rivers, especially in New 

 Jersey. Torrey, fl. un, st. 1. p. 4. C. brevifolia, Pursh, fl. 

 amer. sept. 1. p. 3. Plant procumbent, diffuse. 



Ground Water-starwort. PI, proc. 



Cult. 



C eratophyUum in important characters). Gray. brit. pi. 2. p. 

 554, D. C. prod. 3. p. 73. 



Flowers monoecious. Calyx or perigone free, many-parted 

 (10-12); lobes equal. Petals none. Male. Stamens 12-20; 



The species of CallUriche are not worth cultivating. filaments wanting ; anthers ovate-oblong, 2-celled, sessile, and 

 The seeds only require to be thrown in a pond of water, or the crowded in the centre of the calyx, furnished each with 2 (f, 

 plants may be planted in it. 105^ ^^ .3 ^^j^^^ p^^^j^^ Ovary free, ovate, 1-celled. Stigma 



sessile, filiform, incurved, oblique (f. 105. e.). Nat I -celled, 

 1-seeded (f. 105.6.), indehiscent, terminated by the hardened 

 style. Seeds pendulous. Albumen none. Embryo straight, 



Tribe III. 



HIPPURI'DEjE (plants agreeing with /r2/.^wm in important 

 characters). Link, enum. hort, berl. 1. p. 5, Limb of calyx 

 small, entire. Petals wanting. Stamen 1 (f, 104. e.). Fruit nu- 



camentaceous (f, 104. d.\ l-celled, 1-seeded." Aquatic herbs, with ""'^^ ^ '"I^^''*^' '^^^"'^'' * cotyledons in a whorl, whicli are alter- 



^vhorls of narrow leaves and whorls of axillary sessile flowers. nately smaller, and a many-leaved plumule.— Floatmg herbs, 



VIII. HIPPU'RIS (from ittttoc, hippos, a horse, and ovpa, with whorls of multifid cellular leaves (f. 105./.); the segments 



oura, a tail; resemblance in stem from the crowded whorls filiform, and serrated along the edges. 



very narrow hair-like leaves), 

 ill. t. 5, Gsertn. fruct. 2, t. 84, 



Lin. 



11. Lam. 



gen. no. 

 Juss. ann. mus. 3. t. 30. f. 3. 



This is a very distinct order, but whose proper station in the 

 natural system is not well known. It agrees with Coniferce in 



D. C. prod. 3. p. 71.— Pinastella, Dill. nov. gen. 168. 



Lin. SYST. Mondndria, Monogynia. Style filiform (f. 104./.), 

 received into the furrow of the anther (f. 104, e.). Fruit In habit it agrees with Myriophy Hum on the one hand, and on 



the many-whorled cotyledons, but the habit is wholly different. 



FIG. 104. 



2/. W. H. 



crowned by the limb of the calyx. Flowers usually hermaphro- 

 dite, but sometimes are found female and neuter from abortion. 



1 H. vulga'ris (Lin. spec. p. 

 3.) leaves linear, many in a whorl, 

 usually from 6-12. 

 Native throughout Europe and 

 North America, in ditches and 

 lakes, in muddy places among 

 grass and weeds, (Eder. fl. dan. 

 |- 87. Smith, engl. bot. t. 763. 

 Drev. et Heyne, pi. cur. t. 93. 

 ^oit. fl. par. 1. t. 1. According 

 to Torrey in fl. un. st. 1. p. 2. 

 *e Pennsylvanian and Canadian 

 plant does not differ from the 

 ^'Uropean, but the Hudson's Bay 

 ?ne is probably distinct accord- 

 ing to Pursh, fl. amer. sept, 2. 

 P- 774. and is probably the H. 



Polyphyila of Rafin. fl. lud. p. 

 13, ^ 



the other with Hippiiris^ and in many characters with the last, 

 especially in the want of petals, in the 1-celled ovary, in the 

 nucamentaceous fruit, in the solitary pendulous seed, as well as 

 in habit, from the leaves being in whorls, from the axillary ses- 



sile, 



ually unisexual flowers, and in its habitat, but differs in 



the free ovarium and the many cotyledons. 



L CERATOPHYXLUM (from Kepag, keras, a horn, and 

 (j)v\Xoy, phyllon, a leaf; in reference to the leaves being 



FIG. 105. 



Root creeping much. 

 ^ar, (i, fluvidtilis (Hoffm. fl 

 snd membranous. 



3. 



germ. 3. p 



^- ... __, Native of deep water, 



^^^ich it hardly emerges. H. alopecilrus, Brouss. cat. hort. 



%. W. H. 



1.) leaves longer, 



from 



"lonsp. 1804. Compare D, C. fl. fr. 4. p. 415. 



Cowwon Marestail. Fl. May, June. Britain. PI. 1 foot. 



2 H. mokta'na (Ledeb. in Rchb. icon. bot. 1. t. 86. no. 181.) 

 plant weak; leaves 7 in a whorl, linear, acute. %. W. H. Na- 

 ^^e of the island of Unalaschka, in ditches and lakes. H. 

 J-scholzii, Cham, in litt. Habit of a species of Galium. Per- 

 haps only a variety of H. vulgaris. 



Mountain Marestail. PI. | foot. 

 ^ H. mari'tima (Hellen. diss, with a figure,) leaves linear, 

 ^tuse, 4 in the lower whorls, and 5-7 in the upper whorls. %. 

 jj- H. Native of Sweden and Finland, &c. in salt water. 

 *Jorn. fl. dan. t. 1261. Rchb. t. 86. f. 182. H. lanceolata, Retz, 

 obs. 3. p. 7. t. 1. H. tetraphylla, Lin. fil. suppl. 81. The 

 leaves are much shorter and a little broader than those of H. 

 ^^Igdris. 



Maritime Marestail. 



Cult. 



•* Jje species should be grown iiT ponds or cisterns of water, if 

 cultivated. 



OaDER XCV. CERATOPHYXLEiE (plants agreeing with 



VOL. lU 



to 

 branched, like a stag's horn). Lin. gen. no. 1055. Ga^rtn. fruct. 

 1. p. 211. t.44. Lam, ill. t. 775. Schkuhr, handb. 3. p. 254. t. 

 297. — Hydroceratophyllum, Vaill. act. par. 1719. t. 2. f. 2. 

 Dichotophyllum, Dill. gen. p. 91. t. 3. 



Lin. syst. Moncecia, Polyandria. The character is the same 

 as that of the order, being the only genus. 



1 C. demk'rsvm (Lin, spec. 

 1409.) fruit armed with 3 spines, 

 which are unequal, 1 terminal, and 

 2 lateral (f. 1 05. e. rf.) ; segments 

 of the calyx notched at the ex- 

 tremity. %. W. H. Native of 

 Europe, in ditches and ponds, and 

 all still water ; plentiful in some 

 parts of Britain. Smith, engl. 

 bot. t. 947. C. corniitum. Rich. 



brit. 



1. c. 



554. 



Gray. 



pi. 2. p. 



Dichotoph/llum demer- 



Bum, Moench- meth. 345. Vaill. 

 I. c. t. 2. f. 1. Loes. pruss. t. 12. 

 Leaves dichotomous, somewhat 

 trifid, a little toothed along the 

 lobes, when young crowded, (f. 



105.) 



Demersed Hornwort. Fl, A.i\g. Sept. Britain. PI. fl. 



2 C, subme'rsum (Lin. spec. 1409.) fruit destitute of spines, 



but furnished with 2 tubercles at the sides, and the base of the 



PI. 1 foot. 



Not w^orth cultivating unless in botanical gardens 



style at the apex ; segments of the calyx acute, entire. 1/ . W. H. 

 Native of Europe, in ditches, ponds, and all still water with a 

 muddy bottom ; and of Porto Rico in the West Indies ; plentiful 

 in Britain. Oed. fl. dan. 510. Smith, engl. bot. t. G79. Schkuhr, 

 handb. t. 297. C. verrucosum, Rich. 1. c. Gray, 1. c. Leaves 

 rather more divided than those of the first species, and the 

 young ones are less crowded, 

 4 X 



