218 
> 
obovate, rather membranous, nerved, deeply crenate-toothed, 
tapering into the broad petiole ; scape naked ; flowers in pani- 
cled corymbs; calycine segments erect, obtuse ; petals oblong, 
obovate, more than twice the length of the calyx. Y%. H. 
Native of Canada, and to the mountains of the Columbia, and 
from Fort Vancouver to the Kettle Falls. S. Virginiénsis, 
Torrey, fi. unit. stat. 1. p. 444. Flowers small, white, forming 
an imperfect corymb or thyrse. This species differs from S. 
Virginiénsis in the disposition of the flowers. 
Var. a; flowers loosely panicled; scape longer. 2. H. 
‘ar. (3; flowers compact, rather thyrsoid. %. H. Native 
on the banks of the Saskatchawan. General habit of S. nivalis. 
Var. y, gracilis ; corymb loose, few-flowered. Y%.H. Na- 
tive of North America. S. elongata, Sternb. sax. p. 9. t. 4. 
Dermasea elongata, Haw. enum. sax. 
Spring Saxifrage. Fl. May, June. 
102 S. rerue’xa (Hook, fl. 
bor. amer. 1. p. 249. t. 85.) 
plant clothed with hoary down; 
leaves ovate, rather coriaceous, 
opaque, deeply serrated, tapering 
into the petiole; scape naked; 
panicle quite glabrous, compact, 
corymbose ; petals obovate, bi- 
maculate ; calyx reflexed. Y.H. 
Native of North America, on the 
shores of the Arctic Sea, between 
the Mackenzie and Coppermine 
rivers. Together with the harsh 
and rigid foliage of S. nivalis, 
the present species has a panicle oN 
more resembling that of S. ver- R3 
nàlis; but the petals have 2 orange spots, similar to those of S. 
leucanthemifolia. The pubescence gives a whitish or hoary 
appearance to the whole plant, the panicle excepted ; but as the 
pubescence is very variable in all the species of the present sec- 
tion, it cannot be depended upon. (f. 45.) 
Reflexed-calyxed Saxifrage. Pl. 4 foot. 
103 S. inrecrirén1a (Hook. fi. bor. amer. 1. p. 249. t. 86.) 
the whole plant clothed with clammy pubescence ; leaves radical, 
ovate, rather membranous, very blunt, quite entire, or sinuately 
crenated, reticulately veined ; scape elongated, naked, panicled, 
at the apex; panicle loose, broad or contracted, bracteate ; 
petals obovate, twice the length of the calyx, which is at first 
spreading, but at length reflexed ; stamens short; styles diverg- 
ing. 2%.H. Native of the north-west coast of America, near 
the mouth of the Columbia. The leaves are short, in proportion 
to the height of the plant. 
Entire-leaved Saxifrage. Pl. 4 to 1 foot. 
104 S. niva‘ris (Lin. spec. p. 573.) leaves ovate or obovate, 
coriaceous, undulately crenated, tapering into the broad petiole ; 
scape naked, simple ; flowers in crowded heads; calycine seg- 
ments erect, obtuse; petals obovate, permanent, hardly one 
half longer than the calyx. %.H. Native of Scotland, north 
of England, Lapland, on the loftiest mountains ; in North Ame- 
rica, on the Arctic Sea-shore and islands, abundant ; Labrador, 
Canada, Spitzbergen, and the Rocky Mountains. In Bri- 
tain, upon Snowden, and on the summits of several hills about 
Snowden ; on Ben Lawers, Clova, and other Highland mountains 
of Scotland; and near the top of Ben Lomond. Lightf. fl. scot. 
witha figure. Smith, engl. bot. t. 440. Sternb. in Sturm, 
deutschl, fl. with a figure. S. congésta, Haw. Dermàsea nivalis, 
Haw. syn. sax. p. 9.—Lin. fi. suec. p. 176. t. 2. f. 5, 6.—Ray. 
angl. 3. p. 354. t. 16. f. 1.—Oed. fl. dan. t. 28. Leaves gla- 
brous above, villous beneath. Scape clothed with viscid hairs. 
Flowers disposed in crowded bracteate heads ; bracteas ciliated. 
p- 9. 
Clt.? Pl. 4 foot. 
FIG. 45. 
SAXIFRAGACE. 
I. SAXIFRAGA. 
Pedicels and calyxes clothed with viscid down. Petals white, 
but becoming reddish as they fade, triple-nerved ; nerves simple. 
The American specimens of this plant are very variable in 
habit, and in many instances so closely approach the varieties 
of some of the preceding species, as hardly to be distinguished. 
It is therefore most easily to be recognised by its stiff and | 
rigid habit, by the broad permanent petals, which remaining 
amongst the deep purple capsules form a singular contrast with 
them. 
Var. B, laxiflora ; heads of flowers loose, branched. 
Var. y, ténuis (Wahl. fl. lapp. p. 113. Sternb. suppl. 1. p. 
6.) flowers pedunculated, umbellately panicled. 2. H. Na- 
tive of Lapland.—Lin. fl. lapp. t. 2. f. 5. S. punctata, Rottb. 
act. hafn. 10. p. 445. t. 10. 
Snowy Saxifrage. Fl. June, July. Britain. P]. 4 foot. 
105 S. roner’scapa (D. Don, in Lin. trans. 13. p. 388.) leaves 
ovate, serrated, on long petioles; thyrse of flowers ovate ; seg- 
ments of the calyx ovate, acute; petals ovate, hardly longer 
than the calyx. X. H. Native of Siberia. Leaves hairy. 
Scape filiform, beset with glandular hairs. Pedicels and calyxes 
downy. Flowers white. This plant scarcely differs from s. 
nivalis var. y, ténuis. 
Long-scaped Saxifrage. Pl. 4 foot. : 
106 S. pa’tua (Wall. cat. no. 450.) plant quite glabrous; 
leaves lanceolate, obtuse, obscurely crenated, petiolate ; bracteas 
linear; flowers few, disposed in a loose panicle ; pedicels fili- 
form, longer than the fruit; petals obovate, longer than the 
calyx; calycine lobes lanceolate, length of tube, each terminated 
by a sessile gland? filaments clavate? capsule rather bladdery, 
nerved, marked by minute elevated dots; stigmas sessile, 
thickish. %.F. Native of Nipaul, at Gosaingsthan, Emodi, 
and Kamaon. 
Pale Saxifrage. Pl. 4 foot. i 
107 S. Danu‘rica (Willd. spec. 3. p. 465.) plant quite gla- 
brous; leaves cuneiform, on long petioles, attenuated at the 
base, coarsely and deeply serrated at the apex ; flowers in loose 
panicles; calycine segments ovate, acute; petals elliptic, acute. 
Y.H. Native of Dahuria, on the tops of the Alps, near the 
limits of perpetual snow. In North America, at Behring s 
Straits ; alpine rivulets of the Rocky Mountains, Kotzebue’s 
Sound, and Bay of St. Lawrence. Leaves said to be pubescent ; 
the scape beset with glandular hairs, and the pedicels and calyxes 
clothed with clammy down. Petals white, marked with 2 yellow 
spots at the base. The broadly cuneate, or rather flabelliform 
leaves are very remarkable. 
Dahurian Saxifrage. Pl. 4 foot. 
Sect. VIII. Saxr'rrace-ve're (this section contains what are 
considered the true species of the genus). D. Don, m Lin. 
trans. 13. p. $45.—Dactyloides, Tausch, hort. canal. fase. 1. 
D. C. prod. 4. p. 23.—Muscària and Saxifraga, Haw. m 
sax. p. 22-29.—Triplinérvium, Gaudin, fl. helv. 3. p.» 116. 
Calyx 5-cleft (f. 46. a.), erect, permanent, with the tube adhering 
to and involving the ovarium (f. 46. b.). Petals sessile, perigynous 
(f.46.c.). Stamens perigynous (f. 46.d.); filaments flat, gredon 
attenuated. Stigmas spreading (f. 46. e.), flat, spatulate, bearde d 
with short down. Capsule covered by the calyx (f. 46. b.), an 
closely adhering to it. Seeds obovate.— Perennial rarely tet 
humble, densely tufted herbs, for the most part bearing surci 
Leaves alternate, variously parted, rarely simple, usually green ; 
with the margins neither cartilaginous nor dotted. Stems lealy, 
few, or many-flowered. Flowers white or yellow, rarely red. 
§ 1. Perennial. Surculi numerous. Leaves undivided, rarely 
tridentate at the apex. 
108 S. parnassiréxia (D. Don, in Lin. trans. 13. p- 405.) 
stem erect, leafy, 3-4-flowered; leaves cordate, stem-clasping, 
