SAXIFRAGACE. 
fòlia, Ser. in D.C. prod. 4. p. 48. 
Don, in Lin. trans. 13. p. 389. Saxifraga amplexifdlia, Sternb. 
rev. sax. suppl. p. 2. t. 2. Saxifraga micrantha and S. coriacea, 
Fisch. mss. Root rather fusiform, fibrous. Stems ascending, 
simple, or branched at the base, leafy. Leaves elliptic, green 
and shining above but pale beneath ; petioles channelled, a little 
ciliated. Scape a span to a foot high, furnished each with 2 
oblong, obtuse scales, pubescent above. Racemes compound, 
somewhat corymbosely panicled. Flowers small, inconspicuous. 
Pyrola-leaved Leptarrhena. Pl. 4 to 1 foot. 
Cult. See Eriogynia above for culture and propagation. 
Saxifraga pyrolifolia, D. 
IV. CHRYSOSPLE'NIUM (from ypvaoc, chrysos, gold, and 
amhnyv, splen, the spleen; in reference to the golden colour of 
the flowers, and the supposed virtue of the plant in diseases of 
the spleen). Tourn. inst. t. 60. Lin. gen. 558. Geertn. fruct. 
1. p. 208. t. 44, f. 7. D.C. prod. 4. p.48. 
Lin. syst. Octo-Decándria, Digynia. Tube of calyx ad- 
hering to the ovarium; limb 4-5-lobed (f. 48. a.) : lobes obtuse. 
Stamens 8-10, alternating with the sepals, and opposite them. 
Styles 2. Capsule birostrate (f. 48. c. d.), 2-valved, at length 
l-celled, many-seeded. Seeds very smooth, inserted towards 
the bottom of the capsule.—Perennial herbs. Leaves thickish, 
simple, petiolate, toothed. Flowers somewhat corymbose, yellow. 
1 C. ALTERNIFÒLIUM (Lin. spec. 
569.) leaves alternate, reniformly 
cordate, crenately lobed ; flowers 
corymbose, dichotomous. %. H. 
Native of Europe, in moist shady 
places, and by the borders of 
shady rivulets, in Siberia and 
North America; in the woody 
and principally the barren coun- 
try of British North America; to 
the extreme Arctic Islands, and 
on the Rocky Mountains; also in’ 
Kotzebue’s Sound. In many 
parts of the north of England, 
but not so common as C. oppo- 
sitif lium, as in Yorkshire, Port- 
land Heath, near Norwich, in 
Worcestershire; and in lowlands of Scotland. Smith, engl. 
bot. t. 54. Fl. dan. t. 366.—Moris. hist. p- 477. sect. 12. t. 
8. f. 8. Stems usually 3-cornered. Flowers yellow. Roots 
having offsets, but not creeping. 
Var. B, Sibiricum (Ser. in D. C. prod. 4. p. 48.) stems and 
leaves smaller. %. H. Native of Siberia, about the Baical, 
and of Dahuria. C. Sibiricum, Steph.? ex Fisch. in litt. 
Alternate-leaved Golden Saxifrage. Fl. April, May. Brit. 
Pl. 2 foot. 
2 C. ovauirdtium (Bieb. herb. ex Led. fl. ross. alt. ill. t. 404. 
fi. alt. 2. p. 115.) stems with many scattered leaves ; leaves ovate- 
orbicular or elliptic, tapering into the petiole, crenately serrated 
or entire ; corymb dichotomous, loose. 2/. H. Native of the 
ltaian region. Root creeping. Stem pilose below. Flowers 
yellow, solitary in the forks of the corymb. 
Oval-leaved Golden Saxifrage. Fl. April, May. PI. 1 foot. 
3 C. OPPOSITIFÒLIUM (Lin. spee. p. 569.) floriferous stems 
erect; leaves opposite, reniformly sub-cuneated, crenated ; 
flowers corymbose. X4. H. Native of Europe and America, 
in moist shady places, and by the sides of rivulets. In Britain, 
1n many places, in like situations. Curt. lond. 2. t. 27. Smith, 
engl, bot.490. Geertn. fruct. 1. t. 44. f. 7. Oed. fl. dan. t. 
865. Root creeping. Stems quadrangular. Flowers yellow. 
Var. B, Scouléri (Hook. fl. bor. amer, 1, p. 242.) leaves pro- 
FIG. 48. 
II. Leprarryena. 
IV. Curysosptentum. V. MITELLA. 227 
foundly crenately serrated. 4%. H. Native of the north-west 
coast of America, on the banks of the Columbia river. 
Opposite-leaved Golden Saxifrage. Fl. Apr. May. Brit. Pl. } ft. 
4 C. America‘num (Schweinitz, mss. Hook. fl. bor. amer. 1. 
p. 242.) stems slender, decumbent, loose, dichotomous at the 
apex ; leaves opposite, roundish-cordate, obscurely and crenately 
lobed; flowers axillary, distant. 3%. H. Native of Canada, 
Lake Huron, Saskatchawan, and other parts of North America. 
C. oppositifdlium, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 269. and other 
American botanists. Flowering branches never forming co- 
rymbs, but lengthened out and bearing distant small leaves’ and 
solitary flowers in the axils. 
American Golden Saxifrage. Fl. April, May. Clt.? PJ. pr. 
5 C. pu‘sium (Gay, ex Gaud. in herb. D. C. and prod. 4. p. 
48.) leaves opposite, ovate, bluntly serrated. 2/.H. Native 
of Calabria. Flowers yellow. 
Doubtful Golden Saxifrage. Fl. April. Pl. 4 foot. 
6 C. Niraute'nse (D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 210.) leaves 
opposite, orbicularly subcordate, crenately serrated, glabrous, 
Xy. H. Native of the Alps of Nipaul. Very nearly allied to 
C. oppositifolium, but differs in the leaves being more reniform, 
less manifestly crenated, and in the seeds being opaque, not 
shining. Leaves like those of Bétula nana, but membranous. 
Flowers yellow. 
Nipaul Golden Saxifrage. Fl. Apr. Ma. Cit.1820. Pl. } ft. 
7 C. nupicau’Le (Bunge, in Led. fl. ross, alt. ill. t. 405.) cau- 
line leaves wanting: radical ones reniformly orbicular, and are 
as well as the floral ones, which are reniform, petiolate, and 
deeply lobed ; flowers densely glomerate. 2%. H. Native of 
Altaia, near springs at the foot of the Alps, about Chasin, near 
Tschetchulicha, at the river Tscharysch. Root creeping, fur- 
nished with thick brown fibres. Plant quite glabrous, except 
sometimes on the under side of the leaves. Flowers greenish, 
much larger than those of C. alternifolium. 
Naked-stemmed Golden Saxifrage. Pl. 4 to } foot. 
8 C. Kamrscua’ricum (Fisch. in litt. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 48.) 
stems erect, nearly naked, 2-leaved, the rest crowded near the 
flowers, cuneate, obtuse, somewhat crenated, glabrous. 4. H. 
Native of Kamtschatka. 
Kamtschatka Golden Saxifrage. Pl. } foot. 
Cult. A moist shaded situation is the best for the species of 
Chrysosplénium, as under the shade of trees or bushes, or behind 
a north wall; and they thrive best in peat soil. Easily propa- 
gated by dividing. 
V. MITE'LLA (a diminutive of mitra, a mitre; the form of 
the fruit being somewhat like a mitre). Tourn. inst. 126. Lin, 
gen. 561. Geertn. fruct. 1. p. 208. t. 44. f. 6. Lam. ill. t. 373. 
D. C. prod. 4. p. 49. 
Lin. syst. Decándria, Digijnia. Calyx campanulate, 5- 
lobed, rather adnate to the base of the ovarium. Petals 5, in- 
serted in the calyx, jagged or toothed, longer than the calyx. 
Stamens 10. Styles 2, short, joined together in one; stigmas 
hardly distinct. Capsule 1-celled, 2-valved, adhering to the 
base of the calyx a little way. Seeds numerous, erect, in the 
bottom of the capsule.—Perennial herbs. Leaves petiolate, 
cordate, mostly radical. Flowers on short pedicels, disposed in 
loose terminal racemes, white or red. 
1 M. preny’t1a (Lin. spec. p. 580.) radical leaves cordate, 
somewhat 3 or 5-lobed, dentately serrated, on long petioles; 
cauline leaves 2, opposite, smaller, and nearly sessile ; capsule 
joined with the calyx only at the base; petals pinnatifidly fringed. 
%.H. Native of North America, in the United States’; and 
Canada, about Quebec, Lake Huron, &c. Lam. ill. t. 373. f. 1. 
Geertn. fruct. 1. t. 44. f.6. Schkuhr, handb. t. 120. Ker. 
bot. reg. t. 166.—Mentz. pug. t. 10. Flowers white. 
Gg_2 
