SAXIFRAGACEZ, VIII. TIARELLA. 
branous, 2-valved ; valves unequal, opening between the styles 
(one of the valves or carpels usually abortive). Seeds fixed to 
the bottom of the capsule, along the margins of the carpels or 
valves.—Perennial herbs, with the habit of Mitélla. Stems 
erect, naked, or few-leaved. Leaves for the most part radical, 
petiolate. Racemes terminal, simple; flowers distant, pedicel- 
late: pedicels incurvedly pendulous when bearing the fruit. A 
ay pastas genus, which may probably be hereafter 
ivided. 
§ 1. Leaves simple. 
1 T. corprréx1a (Lin. spec. p. 580.) stems leafless; stolons 
creeping ; leaves cordate, acute, deeply lobed, serrated: teeth 
mucronate; racemes simple. %. H. Native of Canada, about 
Montreal; and also of the north of Asia. Sims, bot. mag. 1589. 
Lam. ill. t. 373. f. 1. Flowers white. Habit of Mitélla di- 
phyla, 
Cordate-leaved Tiarella. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1731. Pl. 3 ft. 
2 T. untrouia'ta (Hook. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 238. t. 81.) 
plant smoothish ; stems furnished with one leaf; leaves all pe- 
tiolate, triangularly cordate, bluntly toothed: teeth mucronate ; 
panicle loose; flowers drooping; calyx campanulate; petals 
abortive. %. H. Native of North America, on the height of 
land on the Rocky Mountains, near the source of the Columbia, 
and at Portage river. Stems rather pubescent above. Leaves 
3-5-lobed ; lobes acutely toothed. ‘This species has much the 
habit of Heuchéra glabra, and is probably a decandrous species 
of that genus. The petals, if any exist, must be very fuga- 
cious, as none has been seen. 
One-leaved Tiarella. P1. 1 foot. 
3 T. Menzies (Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 313.) leaves 
oval-cordate, acute, toothed: cauline ones alternate, distant ; 
racemes filiform, somewhat spicate ; calyx tubular. 4%. H. Na- 
tive of the north-west coast of America. 
Menzies’s Tiarella. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1812. Pl. 1 foot. 
4 T. ALTERNIFÒLIA (Fisch. in litt. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 59.) 
stem leafy; lower leaves cordate: upper ones truncate at the 
base, all having 5-7 short lobes, and these lobes are lobed again, 
sharply and coarsely toothed ; lobes of calyx oblong, erect. %. 
H. Native of the north of Asia, in the island of Sitka. Radical 
leaves on long, upper ones on short petioles. Flowers twice the 
size of those of T. polyphilla. 
Alternate-leaved Tiarella. Pl. 1 foot. 
5 T., potyrny'tra (D. Don, fl. nep. p. 210.) stem furnished 
with 3 leaves, beset with glandular hairs; leaves cordate, 3-5- 
lobed, sharply serrated, pilose on both surfaces ; lobes of calyx 
lanceolate, mucronate, pressed to the fruit; racemes loose. X. 
Native of Nipaul. Habit of T. cordifolia or Mitélla di- 
phylla. Racemes many flowered. Fruit pendulous. 
: ci a Ace Tiarella. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1820. Pl. 3 
o 1 foot. 
§ 2. Leaves compound.—Blondia, Neck. elem. 2. p. 115. 
6 T. rrtrotra‘ra (Lin. amoen. acad. 2. p. 351. spec. p. 580.) 
stem furnished with 1 or 2 leaves, rarely naked ; leaves all tri- 
foliate: leaflets rhomboid-ovate, deeply toothed : teeth mucro- 
nate ; panicle loose ; flowers drooping ; calyx small, campanu- 
late ; petals obovate, lanceolate. %. H. Native of the north 
of Asia, and the north-west coast of America ; common on the 
Coast, and on the Rocky Mountains, on the west side of the 
ridge. The specimens from the Rocky Mountains are glabrous, 
and many of those from the coast, while others are more or less 
pubescent, Two panicles are often produced on the same stem. 
Trifoliate Tiarella. P]. 1 foot. 
-Lacrnra‘ra (Hook. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 239. t. 77.) plant 
rough and hairy ; stems usually furnished with 3 leaves; leaves 
IX. Asrizse. 229 
trifoliate: middle leaflet trifid: lateral ones bifid, all broadly 
lanceolate, and pinnatifidly jagged; panicle loose; flowers 
drooping ; calyx short, campanulate; petals wanting? %. H. 
Native of the north-west coast of America. Roots rather hori- 
zontal. The petals, if any, must be very fugacious, as none 
have been seen. 
Jagged-leaved Tiarella. Pl. to 1 foot. 
8 T. srenore’tata (Presl, in relig. Henk. 2. p. 45.) stems 
1-leaved, and are, as wellas the branches, clothed with glandular 
pubescence; radical leaves unknown: cauline one trifoliate : 
leaflets glabrous, deeply lobed, mucronately toothed, acute: 
lateral leaflets obliquely ovate, middle one acute at the base ; 
petals subulate, very narrow; capsules erect, dotted. X.H. 
Native of Nootka Sound. Panicle many flowered. 
Narron-petalled Tiarella. Pl. 1 foot ? 
Cult. For culture and propagation see Mitélla, p. 228. 
X. Hevcuera. 
IX. ASTI’LBE (a. priv. and o7i\fn, stilbe, brightness ; plants 
opaque). Hamilt. in D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 210. D. C. prod. 
4. p. 51. 3 
Lin. syst. Octo-Decándria, Digynia. Calyx deeply 4-5- 
parted, coloured ; segments oval, obtuse, concave. Petals want- 
ing. Stamens 8-10, opposite the calycine lobes ; filaments su- 
bulate; anthers spherical, 2-celled. Styles 2; stigmas 2, trun- 
cate, pruinose. Capsule superior, birostrate, many seeded.— 
Perennial robust pilose herbs, with the appearance of Spiræa 
Arúncus, inhabiting the banks of rivulets. Leaves large, biter- 
nate; leaflets coarsely serrated; petioles much dilated at the 
base. Flowers small, of a greenish yellow-colour, in spicate 
racemes, which are disposed in panicles. 
1 A. rivuta‘ris (Hamilt. 1. c.) flowers 4-cleft, octandrous ; 
leaves biternate ; leaflets ovate, doubly serrated, villous beneath, 
and on the petioles. 2%.H. Native of Nipaul, at Narainhetty. 
Bracteas usually jagged at the apex. 
Rivulet Astilbe. Pl. 3 feet. 
2 A.pxca’'npra (D. Don, prod. fi. nep. p. 211.) flowers 5- 
cleft, decandrous; leaves biternate; leaflets cordate, deeply 
lobed and serrated, beset with glandular pili beneath, and on the 
petioles. %.H. Native of North America. Tiarélla biter- 
nata, Vent. malm. t. 54. The petals are said to be 5, and 
linear, in this plant, not as in the first species wanting. Leaflets 
ovate, broadly and bluntly serrated. 
Decandrous Astilbe. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1812. Pl. 2 to 3 ft. 
Cult. For culture and propagation see Heuchéra, p. 231. 
§ 2. Stamens equal in number to the petals, or sometimes 
fener, alternating with the petals. 
X. HEUCHE'RA (in honour of John Henry de Heucher, 
once professor of medicine at Witterberg; author of Hortus 
Witterbergensis, 1711-1713.). Lin. gen. p. 320. Geertn. fruct. 1. 
p- 177. t. 36. f.2. Lam. ill. t. 184. f. 3. D.C. prod. 4. p. 51. 
Hook. fi. bor. amer. 1. p. 235. 
Lin. syst. Pentdndria, Digynia. Calyx permanent, 5-cleft 
(f. 51. b.), imbricate in estivation. Petals undivided (f. 51. a.), 
nearly equal. Stamens 5. Styles 2 (f. 51.e.), very long, dis- 
tinct, length of stamens: when young approximate and almost 
concrete, but afterwards diverging. Capsule crowned by the 
dry calyx, and adnate to it at the base, opening between the 
styles (f. 51. d.), 1-celled; placentas 2, adnate, many seeded. 
Seeds rough from dots or wrinkled.—Herbs. Leaves mostly 
radical, palmately lobed, toothed. Stems mostly leafless. Flowers 
panicled or racemose. 
1 H. America'na (Lin. spec. 328.) plant clothed with clammy 
pubescence, scapes and leaves roughish ; leaves on long petioles, 
somewhat 5-7-lobed, toothed ; thyrse elongated, panicled ; caly- 
cine lobes short, obtuse ; petals lanceolate, length of the calyx ; 
