238 
24 Actinotus. Tube of calyx contracted at the apex; limb 
5-lobed: lobes oval-oblong. Petals wanting. Styles thick- 
ened and villous at the base. Fruit ovate, crowned by the lobes 
of the calyx, villous, 5-striped.—Involucrum of many radiating 
leaves, which are longer than the flowers. 
25 Pera’enta. Flowers dioecious, having the calyxes dif- 
ferent in the distinct sexes. Styles filiform. Fruit ovate, com- 
pressed, 8-nerved, vacant inside, 1-seeded.—Umbellules 3- 
flowered : central flower hermaphrodite, sessile : lateral ones male, 
pedicellate ; pedicels rather concrete at the base, with the calyx 
of the female flower. 
26 Sanrcuta. Tube of calyx echinated; lobes foliaceous 
(f. 59. c.), permanent. Petals connivent, obovate, emarginate, 
with an inflexed point (f. 59. g.). Fruit nearly globose, echi- 
nated ; carpophore not distinct—Umbels compound. Leaves 
of involucrum few, divided; of the involucel numerous, linear. 
27 Hacaur’r1a. Tube of calyx 10-ribbed ; lobes foliaceous, 
permanent. Petals obovate, emarginate, with a bent in point. 
Fruit contracted from the sides; mericarps gibbously convex ; 
ribs 5, filiform, with a deep channel on the inside. —Involucrum 
of 5-6 obovate toothed leaves, which are longer than the umbel. 
28 Asrran’t1a. Tube of calyx 10-ribbed, tuberculately pli- 
cate; lobes 5, foliaceous. Petals erect, connivent, “oblong-obo- 
vate, with an infracted point. Fruit rather compressed from the 
back ; mericarps with 5 elevated, obtuse, plicately toothed, in- 
flated ribs, inclosing in the cavity a smaller fistalar rib. Car- 
pophore not distinct —Involucrum variable: involucel of many 
leaflets. 
29 Arrerrpea. Tube of calyx minutely tubercular. Petals 
inflexed. Mericarps without ribs, and without vittee. Carpo- 
phore adnate the whole length of the seeds.—Habit of Eryngium, 
but the umbels are like those of A strantia. 
30 Horsrie’tp1a. Margin of calyx quite entire. Petals 
ovate, cuspidate, flat. Fruit compressed, villous ; mericarps 3- 
ribbed on the back.—A prickly shrub. Umbels capitate, ses- 
sile; receptacle chaffy. Involucrum of many leaves. 
31 Ery’ncrum. Tube of calyx rough from scales or vesi- 
cles ; lobes foliaceous. Petals erect, connivent, oblong-obovate, 
emarginate, with an infracted point. Fruit obovate, scaly, or 
tubercular ; mericarps semi-terete, without ribs, and without 
vittae ; carpophore adnate its whole length to the seeds. —F lowers 
crowded into dense heads; the lower bracteas forming an invo- 
lucrum to them. 
32 Actina’ntHus. Flowers monoecious: female ones capi- 
tate: male ones in capitate umbels, with the receptacle destitute 
of palez. Teeth of calyx permanent. Petals oblong, compli- 
cated at the apex, and rather cirrhose. Fruit compressed from 
the sides; mericarps with 5 alternate, stronger, sutural ribs ; 
vittæ 1 in each furrow, and 2 in the commissure. Carpophore 
adnate.—Involucra wanting ; involucels of many leaves. 
§ 2. Umbels compound or perfect. 
riable, rarely wanting. 
Vitte on the fruit va- 
* Fruit having only primary ribs present. 
UMBELLIFERE. 
ERIBE IV. 
Amurnex. Fruit compressed from the sides or didymous ; meri- 
carps with 5 filiform ribs, which at length become a little winged : 
lateral ones marginating, all equal. Seeds terete or gibbously 
convex, flattish in front. 
83 Ru‘m1a. Margin of calyx 5-toothed. Petals ovate, en- 
tire, with a short, coarctate, incurved point. Fruit roundish or 
ovate, plicately wrinkled; mericarps solid, with 5 thick, very 
obtuse, twisted plicate ribs, covering the furrows, which are 
ornamented with plicate tubercles, and furnished with 1 vitte 
each. Carpophore bipartite—Involucrum wanting or few- 
leaved ; involucels of 3-8 leaves. Flowers yellow. 
34 Cicu'ra. Margin of calyx 5-toothed, foliaceous. Petals 
obcordate, with an inflexed point. Fruit roundish, contracted 
from the sides ; mericarps with 5 flattish ribs, having the furrows 
between the ribs furnished with 1 vittee each, and the commis- 
sure 2 vittæ; vittæ filling the furrows, a little more elevated 
than the ribs, all concealed under a loose membrane. Carpophore 
bipartite.—Involucrum wanting, or few leaved; involucels of 
many leaves. 
35 Zi'z1a. Margin of calyx obsolete, or with 5 very short 
teeth. Petals elliptic, tapering into ‘a long inflexed acumen. 
Fruit contracted from the sides, roundish or oval ; ribs filiform, 
rather prominent; furrows furnished with 1 vittee each, and the 
commissure with 2; carpophore bipartite.— Involucrum wanting; 
Involucel of few leaves, variable. Flowers yellow, rarely white 
or dark purple. 
36 Punracry’pta, Calyx unknown. Petals equal, lanceo- 
late, with an inflexed point. Fruit oblong-elliptic ; the 3 dorsal 
ribs elevated, acute ; furrows furnished with 1 vitta each. Al- 
bumen with 5 roundish angles. Flowers polygamous, dark 
purple. : 
37 A‘erum. Margin of calyx obsolete. Petals roundish, 
entire. Stylopodium depressed. Fruit roundish, contracted from 
the sides ; ribs filiform; furrows furnished with 1 vitta: outer 
ones with 2-3 vittæ. Carpophore undivided.—Involucrum and 
involucel wanting. Flowers greenish white. 4 
38 PerroseLNUM. Margin of calyx obsolete. Petals 
roundish, incurved, hardly emarginate, with an inflexed point at 
the apex. Stylopodium short, conical, subcrenulated. Styles 
diverging. Fruit ovate, contracted from the sides ; ribs filiform; 
furrows furnished with 1 vitta each, and the commissure with 2. 
Carpophore bipartite.—Involucrum few-leaved, and the invo- 
lucel of many leaves. Flowers white or greenish. 
39 Weypte'ria. Margin of calyx obsolete (f. 60. a.). Petals 
ovate-lanceolate, entire, with an incurved point (f. 60. c.). Fruit 
ovate, crowned by the short stylopodium and reflexed styles 
(f. 60. b.). Mericarps somewhat semi-terete, with contracted 
margins ; ribs filiform, bluntish; furrows broad, furnished with 
1 vitta each, and the commissure with 2.—Involucrum wanting, 
or of 1 leaf; involucel of many leaves. Flowers white. 
40 Tri'n1a. Margin of calyx obsolete. Flowers usually 
dioecious from abortion. Petals of the male flowers lanceolate, 
