UMBELLIFERZ., 
sinew or nerve; in reference to the nerves of the Jeaves being 
more or less branched and diverging). D. C. prod. 4. p. 88. 
Limbs of radical leaves more or less distinct from the petioles: hav- 
ing the nerves more or less branched, and diverging, but never 
parallel, 
* Limbs of radical leaves multifid. 
1 E. campr’stre (Dod. pempt. 730. f. 2. Lin. spec. 337.) 
radical leaves nearly ternate; segments pinnatifid: lobes ovate ; 
cauline leaves auriculated ; stem panicled ; leaves of involucrum 
linear-lanceolate, nearly entire, exceeding the head of flowers, 
which is roundish ; paleze among the flowers subulate. 1. H. 
Native of South and Middle Europe, and Caucasus ; very com- 
mon in dry sandy fields. In Britain not very common; on the 
coast near the ferry from Plymouth to Cornwall; and near the 
Devil’s Point at Stonehouse, Plymouth; near Newcastle upon 
Tyne; on the shore called Friar’s Goose, below Melling, in 
Yorkshire ; also far inland opposite Brookhall, near Daventry, 
in Northamptonshire. Laroche, eryng. p. 22. Oed. fl. dan. t. 
554, Hayne, arz. gew. 7.t. 1. Smith, eng. bot. 57. Jacq. austr. 
2. t. 155. Plench. t. 173. E. vulgare, Bauh. pin. 368. E. 
Mediterràneum, Ger. 999. Corollas blue, but sometimes white 
and yellow. Roots creeping. Plant rather glaucous. 
Var. B; radical leaves nearly entire. 4%. H. Native of Por- 
tugal and the Levant. 
Field Eryngo. F]. July, Aug. Britain. Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
2 E. Bourca rti (Gouan. ill. p. 7. t. 3.) radical leaves orbicu- 
lar, tripartite ; lobes pinnatifid or cut in a forked manner, quite 
entire between the divisions ; stems simple, a little branched at 
the apex; leaves of involucrum 10-12, lanceolate, pungent, 
erect, furnished with 1 or 2 teeth on each side, much longer than 
the head of flowers, which is ovate ; paleze among the flowers en- 
tire. 2.H. Native of the Pyrenees, but has not been found 
elsewhere. D, C. fl. fr. 4. p. 355. Laroch. eryng. p. 24. Tratt. 
arch. t. 207. E. amethystinum, Lam. fl. fr. 3. p. 401. but not 
of Lin. E. Bourgati, E. planum, and E. alpinum, Lapeyr. abr. 
p- 137. There are varieties of this species with either sky blue 
or pale flowers: and with the stems either bearing one or more 
heads of flowers. Plant glaucous. 
Bourgati’s Eryngo. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1731. Pl. 1 to 2 ft. 
3 E. Brrrarpre‘ri (Laroch. eryng. p- 25. t. 2.) radical leaves 
nearly orbicular, tripartite; lobes lanceolate, pinnatifid, spiny, 
profoundly toothed all round; stems branched at the apex; 
leaves of involucrum 8, linear-lanceolate, 3 times higher than the 
head of flowers, which is globose ; paleæ among the flowers 
entire. %.H. Native of the Levant; and in fields on the 
mountains at the limits of the Turkish districts called Khoi, in 
the province of Aberdeidjen. Tratt. arch. t. 356. Very 
nearly allied to Æ. Bourgati, but differs in the lobes of the 
leaves being toothed all round, and in the palez being hardly 
longer than the calyxes. Flowers blue. 
La Billardier’s Eryngo. PI. 1 foot. 
4 E. spina-a’tza (Vill. dauph. 2. p. 660. t. 15.) radical leaves 
3-5-parted ; lobes profoundly toothed, or cut in a forked man- 
ner; stem thick, nearly simple; leaves of involucrum 9-10, 
Pinnatifid, very stiff, pungent, about equal in length to the head 
of the flowers, which is of an ovate-cylindrical form; palez 
among the flowers entire, or usually tricuspidate. 2%. H. Na- 
tive of Dauphiny, Provence, &c. in arid exposed places of moun- 
tans. D.C. fl. fr. p. 356. Laroch. eryng. p. 26. t. 3. 
rigidum, Lam. dict. 4. p. 752. E. alpinum, Lin. mant. p. 349. 
but not of his spec. E. alpinum £, Schultes, syst. 6. p. 323. E. 
palléscens, Mill. dict. no. 5. Spina álba, Dalech. lugd. 1462. 
oth heads of flowers and herb are white. There are varieties 
with either dwarf stems, or a foot high. 
White-spined Eryngo. F]. July, Aug. Clt. 1731. PI. 1 foot. 
E. pitara`rum (Lam. dict, 4. p. 755.) radical leaves pinna- 
XXXI. EryNGIUM. 267 
tifid: lobes spiny-toothed ; upper leaves the largest; petioles 
pectinately ciliated from the base; stems nearly simple, bearing 
few heads ; leaves of involucrum 5-7, lanceolate, spiny toothed, 
longer than the head, which is roundish; paleze among the 
flowers variable: outer ones furnished with one tooth on each side : 
inner ones entire. %. H. Native of Portugal, Spain, Mauritania, 
Etruria; and Turkey, in fields about Constantinople. Laroch. 
eryng. p. 26. t. 4. E. purpuratum, Smith in Rees’ cycl. vol. 
13. E. Bourgati, Vahl, symb. 2. p. 48. Host. austr. 1. p. 341. 
E. foe’tidum, Forsk. cat. const. p. 135. ŒE. australe, Wulf. et 
West, in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 333. E. amethystinum, Salzm. pl. 
exsic.— Barrel. icon. t. 86. Heads of flowers and stem of a 
violaceous colour. 
Dilated-petioled Eryngo. 
1 to 2 feet. 
6 E. crinrtum (Presl, del. prag. p. 139.) radical leaves pin- 
natifid: outer lobes trifid, spiny toothed: lower ones much 
smaller and bristly, or jagged into bristle-formed teeth ; petioles 
ciliated with bristles from the base; stems nearly simple, bear- 
ing few heads; leaves of involucrum 5-6, lanceolate, spiny cili- 
ated, exceeding the head of the flowers, which is roundish ; 
paleze exceeding the flowers, outer ones spiny ciliated. Y%. H. 
Native of Spain. Very nearly allied to Æ. dilatatum, but it dif- 
fers from it and all the others in the bristles being yellowish, and 
rather spiny along the petioles and the lower lobes of the leaves. 
Flowers blue? 
Hairy Eryngo. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 
7 E. ametny’stinum (Lin. spec. p. 337. var. a,) radical leaves 
pinnatifid: lobes cut, spiny, somewhat pinnatifid ; petioles entire 
at the base ; stems smoothish, corymbosely branched at the apex; 
leaves of involucrum 7-8, lanceolate, furnished with a few teeth 
at the base, much exceeding in length the head of flowers, 
which is globose; paleæ among the flowers entire: outer ones 
hardly furnished with a tooth on each side. Y%.H. Native of 
Dalmatia, Croatia, and Belgium, but in the last mentioned coun- 
try it has probably escaped from the gardens. Waldst. et Kit. 
hung. 3. t. 215.—Besl. hort. eyst. ord. t. 8. f. 4. Tratt. arch. 
206. E. campéstre azireum, Lejeun, in herb. Gay. E. cærù- 
leum, Bauh. hist. 3. t. 86. f. 1. The upper part of the stem, 
and also the heads of flowers, are of the finest amethyst colour, 
so that they make a very fine appearance. This species is often 
confused with Æ. dilatatum, but is easily distinguished from that 
species in the petioles being entire, not pectinated. 
Amethystine-flowered Eryngo. Fl. July, Aug. 
Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
8 E. Anpersoni (Lag. in litt. Loud. hort. brit. p. 101.) ra~ 
dical and cauline leaves pinnatifid: 3 terminal segments large, 
lanceolate, and 3-lobed at the apex: the restof the segments 
small; all spiny toothed; stem smooth, striated, corymbosely 
and trichotomously branched ; leaves of involucrum 7-8-lanceo- 
late, spiny toothed, much longer than the head of the flower, 
which is rounded, furnished with retrograde forked or simple 
prickles on the lower side at the very base ; upper paleze among 
the flowers linear, entire, and the lower ones trifid, ending in spiny 
points, about the length or longer than the flowers. 4%. H. Na- 
tive country unknown. E. amethystinum, Hort. Chelsea. Up- 
per part of stem, and heads of flowers of a beautiful blue. 
Anderson’s Eryngo. Fl. July, Aug. Clt.? Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
9 E. scaridsum (Laroch. eryng. p. 28. t. 5.) leaves pinna~ 
tifid ; lobes linear, distant, trifid, or entire; petioles with sca- 
rious margins ; stem furrowed, branched at the apex ; leaves of 
involucrum 5-8, linear, much longer than the head of flowers, 
which is globose; paleæ among the flowers entire. %. H. 
Native of the Levant. Tratt. arch. t. 775. E. pentechinum, 
Sieb. herb. palest. Allied to Æ. amethystinum. Heads of 
flowers pale green. 
Mm 2 
Fl. July, Aug. Cit. 1821. Pl. 
Clt. 1648. 
