UMBELLIFERA. XXXI. Eryneium. 
Alpine Eryngo. Fl. July, Aug. Clt.1597. Pl. 14 to2 ft. 
20 E. pra‘num (Math. comm. p. 505. with a figure. Lin. 
spec. p. 337.) lower leaves on long petioles, oval, cordate at the 
base, crenated, flat: middle cauline leaves sessile, undivided: 
superior ones 5-parted, serrated; leaves of involucrum 6-7, 
lanceolate, remotely spiny-serrated, spreading, about equal in 
length to the head of flowers, which is round; paleze among the 
flowers entire, but the lower or outer ones are tricuspidate. 
Y. H. Native of Austria, Russia, Siberia, Transylvania, Gali- 
cia, Caucasus, Mauritania, Provence, &c. in meadows. Jacq. 
aust. t. 391. Tratt. arch. t. 214. Laroch, eryng. p. 40. Upper 
part of the stem, leaves of involucrum, and heads of flowers 
blue ; there is, however, a variety equally common in the gar- 
dens with white flowers. Herb green. 
Flat-leaved Eryngo. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1596. Pl. 2 ft. 
21 E. rri’guerrum (Vahl. symb. 2. p. 46.) radical leaves 
petiolate, cordate, 3-lobed ; lobes deeply spiny-toothed ; cauline 
leaves 3-5-parted, palmate; peduncles triquetrous; leaves of 
involucrum 3-4, lanceolate, pungent, keeled, entire, exceeding 
the head of flowers, which is round; paleze among the flowers 
entire. 2%. H. Native of Tunis and Sicily in fields and on 
hills. Desf. atl. 1. p. 225. t. 54. Laroch. eryng. p. 43. Tratt. 
arch. 779.—Zan. ist. t. 74. and therefore E. Zanònii, Lam. dict. 
4. p 754. E. Créticum, Jan. ex Guss. prod. fl. sic. 1. add. 
p. 7. Heads of flowers blue. 
Triquetrous-peduncled Eryngo. Fl. Jul. Aug. Clt.1824. P1. 1 ft. 
,22 E. rarca`rum (Laroch. eryng. p. 40. t. 13.) radical leaves 
on long petioles, cordate, unequally spiny-serrated; cauline 
leaves sessile, palmately parted : lobes lanceolate, spreading, 
spiny-serrated ; leaves of involucrum 5-8, lanceolate, furnished 
with 1-2 teeth on each side, twice the length of the head of 
flowers; outer paleæ tricuspidate: middle ones entire. %4. H. 
Native on Mount Lebanon. Tratt. arch. t. 363. E. dichóto- 
mum f, Schultes, syst. 6. p. 321. The plant is easily distin- 
guished from Æ. dichótomum by the form of the radical leaves. 
Heads of flowers blue ? 
Falcate Eryngo. Pl. 1 to2 feet. 
23 E. picuétomum (Desf. atl. 1. p. 226. t. 55.) radical leaves 
petiolate, oblong, cordate at the base, toothed; cauline leaves 
palmately parted, spreading : lobes spiny-toothed ; leaves of invo- 
lucrum lanceolate, furnished with a few spiny teeth, much longer 
than the head of flowers, which is globose; outer paleæ tricus- 
pidate, the rest entire. 2. H. Native of Asia Minor, Cau- 
casus, Mount Lebanon, Candia, Mauritania, Sicily, and about 
Montpelier, in exposed places. Upper part of stems, leaves of 
involucrum, and heads of flowers blue. 
Var. a; stem tall, flexuous, much branched. Desf. 1. c. 
Tratt. arch. t. 362. E. cærùleum, Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 200.— 
Mor. ox. sect. 7. t. 37. f. 13. and therefore E. Syriacum, Lam. 
dict. 4. p. 759. 
Var. B ; stems dwarf; flowers crowded at the neck of the 
plant. Laroch. eryng. p. 40. t. 14. 
Dichotomous Eryngo. F]. Jul. Aug. Cit. 1820. PI. 1 to 2 ft. 
24 E. pirrvu'sum (Torr. rock. mount. no. 177.) leaves all 
digitately palmate; segments oblong, deeply serrated, spinose; 
stem dichotomously branched, diffuse ; heads of flowers glo- 
bose; leaves of involucrum 4-6, trifid, deeply serrated, longer 
than the head of flowers; ovaries scaly. ©. H. Native of 
North America, on the banks of the Canadian river. Perhaps 
this species will form a proper section. 
Diffuse Eryngo. Pl. 1 foot. 
*** Limbs of radical leaves oblong-obovate, or oval, never 
cordate at the base. 
25 E. pusi'Ltum (Lin. spec. p. 337.) radical leaves lanceolate, 
entire, toothed or pinnatifid, attenuated at the base, petiolate : 
269 
cauline leaves palmately parted, sessile; heads of flowers ses- 
sile; leaves of involucrum subulate, longer than the head of 
flowers, furnished with an appendage, or tooth at the hase; 
paleæ among the flowers, entire. %4. H. Native of Spain, 
Portugal, Mauritania, Sicily, Sardinia, &c. Laroch. eryng. p. 
44, Tratt. arch. t. 212.—Barrel. icon. t. 1247. Heads of 
flowers greenish. This species is nearly allied to Æ. dichéto- 
mum, but differs from it in the radical leaves being attenuated at 
the base, never in any way cordate. 
Var. B, odoratum (D. C. prod. 4, p. 91.) stem small, decum- 
bent; heads few-flowered. Laroch. l.c. E. odoratum f, Lam. 
dict. 4. p. 756. 
Var. y, galiotdes (D. C. 1. c.) stem erectish ; lower leaves 
somewhat pinnatifid, small; heads few-flowered. Laroch. l. c. 
E. galioides, Lam. dict. 4. p. 757. 
Var. 6, paludòsum (D. C. 1. c.) stem nearly erect ; lower leaves 
pinnatifid, large ; heads few-flowered. Laroch. l, c. t. 16. E. 
odoratum a, Lam. 1. c. 
Small Eryngo. FI. June, Aug. Clit. 1640. Pl. 4 to 1 foot. 
26 E. rerna‘tum (Poir. suppl. 4. p. 295.) radical leaves un- 
divided, linear, spiny-toothed ; cauline leaves tripartite ; leaves 
of involucrum lanceolate, cuspidate. Y%.H. Native of Candia, 
on hills in rugged places. Tausch. hort. canal. with a figure 
and description. E. Tournefortianum, Sternb. syll. pl. nov. 17. 
p. 32. ex Tausch. E. trifolium, P. Alp. exot. 152. with a 
figure.—Mor. ox. 3. sect. 7. t. 36. f. 24. Laroch. eryng. p. 65. 
Heads of flowers blue ? 
Ternate-leaved Eryngo. Clt.? Pl. 1 foot. 
27 E. rriearti rum (Desf. cat. hort. par. 1828.) radical 
leaves glabrous, petiolate, trifid; leaves obovate-oblong, cune- 
ated at the base, coarsely serrated: serratures distant, ending 
in spiny points; stem much branched; cauline leaves nearly 
sessile, 3-5-parted: lobes lanceolate, coarsely serrated ; leaves 
of involucrum twice the length of the head of flowers, which is 
ovate-globose ; outer paleze tricuspidate : inner ones undivided. 
Y.H. Native country unknown. 
Tripartite-leaved Eryngo. Pl. 1 foot. 
28 E. aquiroxium (Cav. ann, sc. nat. 3. p. 32.) radical leaves 
obovate-oblong, nearly sessile, attenuated at the base, coarsely 
ciliated or spiny-toothed from the base ; cauline leaves somewhat 
stem-clasping, broadest at the base ; leaves of involucrum 8, ovate- 
lanceolate, spiny-toothed, longer than the head of flowers, which 
is roundish ; palez ending in 3 or 5 points. 4%. H. Native of 
Spain. Laroch. eryng. p. 34. t.10. Tratt. arch. t. 753. E. 
maritimum f, Pers. ench. p. 299. exclusive of the syn. of Fl. 
dan. Heads of flowers blue. The plant cultivated under this 
name has the lower leaves much longer and narrower at the base 
than those in the figure cited. Plant glaucous. 
Holly-leaved Eryngo. F). Jul. Aug. Clt. 1815. Pl. 1ft. 
29 E. cornicuta‘rum (Lam. dict. 4. p. 758.) radical leaves 
oblong-lanceolate, spiny-toothed ; petioles fistular, septiferous ; 
cauline leaves stem-clasping, trifid; leaves of involucrum 5, 
linear-subulate, quite entire, pungent; paleæ among the flowers, 
entire: ultimate ones drawn out each into a long horn at the 
apex. 2.H. Nativeof Portugal and Spain, in boggy places. 
Brot. fl. lus. 1. p. 416. Laroch. eryng. p. 42.t.15. Tratt. 
arch. t. 756. Sims, bot. mag. 1427. ŒE. corndtum, Donn, 
hort. cant. ed. 4. E. suavéolens, Brouss. ined. E. odoratum, 
Hort. par. E. paluddsum, Hort. madr. Heads of flowers 
whitish, sweet-scented. Plant glaucous. The leaves of the 
involucrum when the plant grows in dry places, about equal in 
length to the head of flowers. Horns sometimes on 2-3 of the 
paleæ, which are usually joined together. 
Horned Eryngo. Fi. Jul. Aug. Clit. 1803. Pl. 1 foot. 
80 E. rricusripa‘tum (Lin. spec. p. 337.2? Desf. atl. 1. p 
224.) radical and lower cauline leaves on long petioles, orbicular, 
