UMBELLIFERZ. XXXII. Ruma. 
characters) or ORTHOSPE'RMÆ PAUCIJUGA`MTÆ CoNTRA'cTÆ, Koch. 
umb. p. 114.—D. C. prod. 4. p. 98. Fruit evidently com- 
pressed from the sides, and for the most part contracted and 
didymous ; mericarps with 5 filiform ribs, which are at length 
a little winged : lateral ribs marginal; all equal. Seed terete or 
gibbously convex, flattish in front, or terete in every part. Um- 
bels perfectly compound. 
XXXIII. RU‘MIA (a mythological name; the goddess of 
young infants). Hoffm. umb. 171. in tit. f. 3-4-17-21. Koch. 
umb, p. 129. in add. no. 61. D. C. coll. mem. 5. p. 36. prod. 
4, p. 98. but not of Link.—Cachrys. species, Spreng. 
Lin. syst. Pentdndria, Digynia. Margin of calyx 5-toothed. 
Petals oblong, ovate, entire, spreading, having an inflexed or 
involute point. Fruit roundish or ovate, didymous, plicately 
wrinkled ; mericarps solid, with 5 thick, very blunt, circularly 
plicate ribs, covering the furrows; each furrow furnished with 
a vitta, and ornamented with plicate tubercles. Carpophore bi- 
partite. Seed gibbously convex, flat in front.—Perennial smooth 
herbs, natives of the Levant. Leaves decompound. Umbels 
numerous. Universal involucrum wanting or few-leaved ; invo- 
lucels 3-8-leaved. Flowers yellow, dioecious, or polygamous. 
This genus differs from Cachrys in the seed not being involute 
nor free, but straight, and adnate to the calyx. It differs from 
Séseli in the form of the petals and sunk ribs of the fruit, and 
from Hippomarathrum in the seeds being flattish in front, not 
with involute margins. 
1 R. Tav’rica (Hoffm. umb. et Koch, umb. 1. c.) leaves de- 
compound ; segments linear ; involucrum wanting; male flowers 
numerous in the umbellules : but the fructiferous ones are few ; 
fruit nearly ovate, rugosely plicate. 4. H. Native of Tauria, 
on grassy hills about Odessa and Karassusabar. Càchrys Taú- 
rica, Willd. spec. 1. p. 1410. Bieb. fl. cauc. 1. no. 548. 
Schultes, syst. 6. p. 444. Artèdia squamàta, Pall. nov. act. 
petrop. 10. p. 308. Sanicula crithmifòlia, Willd. neu. scrift. d. 
berl. ges. 3. p.419. Laserpitium Armènum ferulæfòlia, semine 
crispo, Tourn. cor. p. 23. 
Taurian Rumia. F]. July. Clt. 1819. Pl. 14 foot. 
2 R. mīcroca'rea (Hoffm. umb. 175. fig. in tit. 3 and 21.) 
leaves decompound; segments linear-setaceous; involucrum 
many-leaved ; flowers for the most part hermaphrodite ; fruit 
subglobose, wrinkled. %. H. Native of Caucasus at Narza- 
na, and of Iberia. Càchrys microcárpa, Bieb. fi. taur. 1. p. 218. 
(exclusive of the syn. of Mor.) suppl. p. 216. Spreng. in 
Schultes, syst. 6. p. 445. Càchrys Sicula, Güld. trav. p. 154- 
190. ex Bieb. Fruit roundish, rather didymous; ribs thick, 
concrete into a mass, which is grumose inside ; furrows narrow, 
each furnished with 1 vitta. Habit almost of Càchrys crispa, 
but differs in the true involucra not being pinnatifid, but the 
leaves are multifid and disposed in whorles under the flowering 
branches beneath the true umbel. 
Var. B, rigtdula (D. C. prod. 4. p. 98.) leaves more stiff 
and glaucous than the species. 2. H. Native of the Levant. 
Small-fruited Rumia. Pl. 1 foot. 
3 R. sesetoipes (Hoffm. umb. p. 174. tit. f. 4.) leaves de- 
compound ; segments cuneiform-lanceolate, cut; fruit oval, with 
tubercular ribs; involucrum of 1 leaf. 2%. H. Native of 
Siberia and Alltaia. Cachrys seseloides, Bieb. fi. taur. suppl. 
P. 217. in a note. Leaves of involucels setaceous, numerous, 
minute. Séseli montanum, or Séseli glabratum, Willd. herb. in 
Schultes, syst. 6. p. 406. Trinia seseloides, Led. fl. ross. alt. 
ill. t. 8. fl. alt. 1. p. 357. 
Seseli-like Rumia. FI. July. Cit.1820. Pl. 1 foot. 
4 R. teocdna (Meyer, verz, pflanz. p. 125.) leaves supra- 
decompound ; leaflets bifid or trifid ; segments linear, shortish ; 
involucels obsolete; fruit ovate; ribs straight, destitute of 
Plaits and tubercles. y. H. Native of Caucasus on the 
XXXIV. Cicura. 275 
higher mountains of Talusch, at the elevation of 5000 to 6000 
feet. Trínia Hoffmanni, D.C. prod. 4. p. 104. 
Var. B, microcérpa (Meyer, }.c.). Native of Caucasus, on 
Mount Beschbarmak. 
Smooth-angled-fruited Rumia. Clt.? Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
-ő R. arnamanruoi pes (D. C. prod. 4. p. 98.) leaves decom- 
pound; segments cuneiformly-ovate, pinnatifid, pubescent; leaves 
of both the involucrum and involucel numerous, with mem- 
branous margins ; fruit ovate, having the ribs tubercular. Y.H. 
Native of Siberia. Cachrys athamanthoides, Bieb. suppl. p. 
217. Athamantha carvifolia, Willd. herb. is either referrible to 
this or to the preceding species. 
Athamantha-like Rumia. Fl. July. Clt. 1818. Pl. 1 to 2 ft. 
a Cult. A light soil answers the species of this genus best; 
and they are easily increased by seeds. 
XXXIV. CICU‘'TA (a name of doubtful meaning, used by 
Pliny). Lin. gen, no. 354. Hoffm. umb. 177. Spreng. umb. 
prod. p. 19. Lag. am. nat. 2. p. 96. Koch. umb, 129. f. 53. 
and f. 54. D.C. prod. 4. p. 99.—Cicutaria, Tourn. inst. t. 
171. Jam. dict. 2. p. 2. ill. t. 195.—Angélica species, Tourn. 
Lin. syst. Pentdndria, Digynia. Margin of calyx 5-toothed, 
foliaceous. Petals obcordate, with an inflexed point. Fruit 
roundish, contracted from the sides, didymous ; mericarps with 
5 flattish, equal ribs: lateral ribs marginal; furrows furnished 
with 1 vitta each, which fills them, even in a dried state, but 
not elevated so much as the ribs. Commissure furnished with 
2 vittae; vittæ under a loose membrane ; carpophore bipartite. 
Transverse section of seed terete.—Perennial, glabrous, aquatic, 
poisonous herbs. Stems terete, fistular. Leaves tripinnate, or 
biternate. Involucrum wanting or of very few leaves; inyo- 
lucels many-leaved. Flowers white. 
* European species. Fibres of roots cylindrical and slender. 
1 C. virdsa (Lin. spec. p. 368.) trunk of root hollow, divided 
into cells by transverse dissepiments; fibres of roots disposed 
in whorled fascicles; leaves triternate; segments lanceolate, 
serrated ; umbels opposite the leaves and terminal. 2%. W. H. 
Native of the north of Europe, from Lapland to Germany ; and 
of Siberia in ditches, lakes, rivers; North America between lat. 
54° and 64°. In England it is not common, but is found at 
Isleworth, in the Coln, near Colnbrook, and Uxbridge; on 
Hounslow Heath ; in the Isle of Ely; Lovingland, in Suffolk ; 
near Norwich and Yarmouth, &c. In Scotland it is more com- 
mon, as in the Lakeof Forfar, and other lakes in Strathmore, 
&c. Oed. fi. dan. t. 208. Nees. off. pfiz. 12. t. 8. Hayne, 
arz. gew. 1.t. 37. Bull. herb. t. 31. Smith, engl. bot. t. 479. 
Blackw. t. 574. Plench, icon. t. 213. C. aquatica, Wepfer. 
mon. phil. trans. 44. t. 237. t. 4-5. Cicutaria aquatica, Lam. 
dict. 2. p. 2. Coridndrum Cicita, Roth. germ. 1. p. 130. Sium 
Cicùta, Vest. ench. no. 311. Flowers white; anther reddish. 
Towards the end of autumn the root for the succeeding summer 
is formed out of the lower part of the stalk; this is divided 
transversely into many large unequal cells, so that it becomes 
specifically lighter than water, and in winter, when the rivers or 
pools swell, is buoyed up. The old root then rots, floats all 
the winter, and in rivers is frequently carried to great distances, 
In the spring the old root is washed away, and the new one, on 
coming near the soil, sends out many slender fibres, by which 
it is again fixed, grows, and flowers. Watson, in phil. trans. 
It is one of the rankest of our vegetable poisons, Numerous 
instances are recorded of its fatality to the human species by 
Wepfer, Haller, and others, and in the phil. trans. by Dr. Wat- 
son. Linnzus relates its fatal effects on kine; and Dr. Wither- 
ing relates that early in the spring cows often eat it, and are 
killed by it, but as the summer advances, and its scent becomes 
nn 2 
