UMBELLIFERA, LX. Ginanrus. 
4 Œ. strarrorta (Bieb. suppl. p. 232.) knobs of roots of an 
_oblong-fusiform shape, or cylindrical, fasciculate; leaves pin- 
nate ; leaflets of the lower leaves lanceolate : of the upper ones 
linear ; involucra almost wanting; fruit ovate, crowded, sessile, 
hardly longer than the involucel. 2.H. Native of the south 
of Tauria and Caucasus, in humid places ; Montpelier, at Mire- 
val; Geneva; Germany at Fuessen. Œ, virgata, Koch, in litt. 
and perhaps of Poir. (Œ. tenuifdlia, Froel. in litt. and is some- 
times to be found in gardens, under the name of Œ. glatca ; 
the whole plant being rather glaucous. Perhaps truly distinct 
from Œ. peucedanif dlia. 
$ ee Water-dropwort. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1817. Pl. 
2 feet. 
5 Œ., PmMPINELLOTDES (Lin. spec. 365.) roots of several 
slender, fleshy, cylindrical fibres, which are dilated into ovate- 
' globose tubers at the apex; radical leaves bipinnate ; leaflets 
cuneated, cut; cauline leaves pinnate; leaflets of the cauline 
leaves elongated, linear, and entire; involucra of many linear 
leaves ; fruit cylindrical, striated, callous at the base, longer 
than the pedicels, which are thick and short. ¥.H. Native 
of Europe, in salt marshes. In Britain, as Quaplod, near Salp- 
Ing, Lincolnshire; near Aber, North Wales; Cambridgeshire ; 
also in Galloway, the Isle of Arran, and other parts of Scotland. 
Stem cylindrical, hollow, slightly branched. Flowers of a pale 
flesh colour. 
Var. a, cherophylloides (D. C. prod. 4. p. 137.) tubers hanging 
by long fibres. Y.H. Œ. cherophylloides, Pourr. act. tol. 3. 
p. 323.— Œ. pimpinelloides, Smith, engl. bot. 347. Jacq. aust. 
t. 894, Œ. australis, Wulf. Œ. Karsthia, Hacq. carn. t. 3.? 
—Bauh. hist. 3. p. 191. f. 1. Mor. ox. sect. 9. t. 7. f. 3. Cam. 
epit. 610. icon. Smith says the roots are of several slender, 
tapering, fleshy tubercles, intermixed with fibres. 
Var. B, pimpinellæfòlia (D. C. prod. 4. p- 137.) tubers on 
short peduncles, intermixed with fibres.—Bauh. hist. 3. p. 191. 
f. 2. Œ. pimpinelloides, Lam. dict. 4. p- 528. and probably 
of many other authors. Œ. virgàta, Poir. voy. 2. p. 138. 
Spreng. umb. 105. : 
Pimpernel-like Water-dropwort. Fl. Jul. Brit. Pl. 1 to 2 ft. 
6 Œ. carròsa (Salzm. mss. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 137.) roots 
unknown; stem branched, striated; lower leaves bipinnate : 
leaflets ovate, deeply serrated; upper leaves pinnate: leaflets 
lanceolate-linear, acuminated; umbels of many rays; involu- 
Se almost wanting ; fruit cylindrically-oblong, striated, cal- 
ous at the base and apex, longer than the pedicels, which are 
ie Y. H. Native about Tangiers. This species differs 
rom Œ. apüfòlia in the fruit being callous, and from Œ. pim- 
pinelloides in the involucrum being almost wanting. Fruit 
crowded in the umbellules. 
Callous-fruited Water-dropwort. PI. 2 to 4 feet. 
7? Œ. APUFÒLIA (Brot. fl. lus. p. 420. phyt. t. 33.) knobs of 
roots sessile, oblong-fusiform ; stem branched, furrowed: leaves 
- bipinnate or tripinnate : leatlets wedge-shaped, deeply serrated ; 
upper leaves pinnate, with narrower leaflets ; umbels of many 
rays; involucrum almost wanting; fruit cylindrically-oblong, 
ot longer than the pedicels. 2%. H. Native of Portugal, 
orsica, &c. Willd. enum. p. 316. Spreng. in Schultes, syst. 
vol. 6. Stems purplish, particularly at the joints, by which it 
may be known at first sight from Œ. crocata, to which it is very 
nearly allied, and from which it only differs in the involucrum 
being almost absent. Plant strong, very poisonous, abounding 
in less orange-coloured juice than Œ. crocata. 
Celery-leaved Water-dropwort. Fl. July. Clt. 1806. PI. 
2 to 5 feet. 
a Œ. croca‘ra (Lin. spec. p. 365.) knobs of roots oblong or 
i 'ptic, sessile ; stem branched, furrowed ; leaves all bipinnate ; 
eaflets wedge-shaped, deeply toothed; umbels of many rays ; 
303 
involucra and involucels of many leaves ; fruit linear-oblong, 
with slender intermediate ribs, longer than the pedicels. 2.H. 
Native of Europe, common. Plentiful in Britain, in watery 
places, osier holts, and about the banks of rivers. Jacq. vind. 3. 
t.55. Smith, engl. bot. t. 2313. Bull. herb. t. 113. Woodv. 
suppl. med. bot. t. 267.—Lob. icon. t. 730.—Mor. ox. sect. 9. 
t. 7. f. 2,—Matt. valg. 2. p. 220. f. 1. Leaves of involucra and 
involucels various in number and shape. Flowers white, tinged 
with purple. Plant strong. Roots abounding with an acrid, fetid, 
very poisonous saffron-coloured juice, such as exudes less plen- 
tifully from all parts of the herb, when wounded. Brood mares 
sometimes eat the root, according to Sir Thomas Franklin, and are 
poisoned by it. Ehret, the celebrated botanical draughtsman, ex- 
perienced a giddiness from the scent of the herb. Dr. Pultney 
remarks, that the root is one of the most virulent poisons of all 
the vegetable poisons that Great Britain produces. In West- 
morland the country people apply a poultice of the herb to the 
ulcer which forms in the fore part of the cleft of the hoof in 
horned cattle, which is called the foul. It may be safely used ex- 
ternally, but internally it should be taken with caution, as is 
evident from the accounts given above, and others recited by 
Mr. Howell and Sir William Watson, in the Philosophical Trans- 
actions. The former of these says that two French prisoners at 
Pembroke died by eating the root, that the inhabitants call it 
five-fingered root, and that it is much used there in cataplasms. 
In the same Transactions, a case is related of eight young lads 
near Clonmel in Ireland, where the plant is called tahow, mis- 
taking its roots for the water-parsnip : five of them died. Mr. 
Miller informed Sir William Watson that a whole family were 
poisoned with it at Battersea, The more caution is neces- 
sary respecting this plant, because it is not uncommon in some 
places, its appearance and smell resemble smallage or celery, 
and the roots have not any flavour disagreeable enough to deter 
persons from eating them. 
Saffron-coloured-juiced or Hemlock Water-dropwort. Fl. Jul. 
Britain. Pl. 2 to 5 feet. 
9 Œ. sarmentosa (Presl, in herb. Heenk. ex D.C. prod. 4. 
p. 138.) root unknown; stems branched, weak, rather scandent; 
leaves bipinnate: leaflets ovate, toothed: terminal ones some- 
what 3-lobed; umbels opposite the leaves, of many rays; in- 
volucrum wanting; fruit oblong; styles very long. %. 
Native of North America, at Nootka Sound. Leaves nearly as 
in Œ. crocdta, but the umbels are those of Œ. phelléndrium. 
Root unknown, and therefore its proper situation among the 
species is doubtful. 
Sarmentose Water-dropwort. PJ. sarmentose. 
10 Œ. crosuròsa (Lin. spec. 365.) knobs of roots oblong, 
attenuated at the base, but ending in an elongated fibre each at 
the apex; radical leaves bipinnate ; leaflets lanceolate, cut ; 
cauline leaves pinnate, with linear leaflets ; umbel 5-6-rayed, 
without any involucrum ; fruit nearly globose, sessile (the pro- 
per pedicels being almost wanting) spongy, with thick, obtuse 
ribs, and small furrows. 2. H. Native of Etruria, Maurita- 
nia, Spain, Portugal, &c. in meadows. Gouan. ill. p. 18. t. 9. 
Spreng. umb. spec. p. 106. Œ. diffusa, Lag. gen. et spec. p. 
13. ex Spreng. Stem compressed at the base, diffuse. Fruit 
larger than in any other species of the genus. Umbels on long 
duncles. 
Globular-headed Water-dropwort. Fl. Ju. Aug. 
Pl. 14 foot. 
11 Œ. ProLT FERA (Lin. spec. p. $65.) knobs of roots fusiform, 
sessile ; leaves bipinnate ; leaflets cuneated, lobately toothed ; 
umbels capitate, without an involucrum; outer pedicels of the 
umbel flat, branched, proliferous; fruit turbinate, 10-ribbed : 
ribs thick: furrows deep. Y. H. Native of Candia, Calabria, 
Lycia, Dalmatia, Carniola. Jacq. hort. vind. 3. t. 62.—P. Alp. 
Cit. 1710. 
