UMBELLIFERZ. LXXV. Enpressra. LXXVI. Tuasrrum. LXXVII. Trocniscanrues. LXXVIII ATHAMANTA. 315 
in Roem. et Schultes, syst. 6. p. 563. Angélica scàbra, Petit, 
inann. sc. obs. 1. p. 99. t.3. D.C. prod. 4. p. 168. 
Scabrous Petitia. Pl. 4 to 4 foot. 
oe Sow the seeds in a dry situation in spring, in light 
earth, 
LXXV. ENDRE'SSIA (in honour of M. Endress, a young 
botanist, who has travelled in the Pyrenees). Gay, in ann. se. 
nat. 26, p. 223. 
Lin. syst. Penténdria, Digynia, Teeth of calyx at first 
obscure, but increase in length as the fruit comes to maturity ; 
they are at last erect and subulate, and longer than the stylo- 
podium. Petals without claws, quite entire, ovate-lanceolate, 
acuminated, and very acute, with an involute point. Fruit com- 
pressed a little from the sides, oblong-elliptic, crowned by the 
reflexed styles. Mericarps convex on the back; with 5 distant, 
equal, filiform ribs: lateral ribs marginating ; furrows of fruit 
very broad ; vittæ 6 in the commissure, 4 in the lateral furrows, 
and 3 in the dorsal ones, all distinct. Seed adhering.—A_ pe- 
rennial, smooth herb ; with an oblique root, which is naked at 
the neck. Stem slender, quite simple, angularly striated, smooth, 
unless Just under the umbel, where it is scabrous, a foot high, 
bearing 2 or 3 leaves. Leaves pinnate ; leaflets sessile, decus- 
sate, palmately 3-parted : segments palmately 3-5-cleft ; lobules 
linear, cuspidate. Umbels terminal, small, dense, when in fruit 
nearly globose; with short, stiff, smooth rays. Involucrum 
wanting, very rarely of 3-4 leaves; involucels of 1-5 linear- 
subulate leaves, which are about equal in length to umbellules, 
and sometimes much shorter. Petals white. Stylopodium small. 
arpophore bipartite. 
1 E. Pyrena'ica (Gay, 1. c.). Y.H. Native of the Eastern 
Pyrenees, in alpine or subalpine pastures. Laserpitium simplex, 
Lapeyr. abr. p. 152. Ligtsticum simplex, Benth. cat. pyr. p. 
96. Méum Pyrenadicum, Gay, in D.C. prod. 4. p. 162. 
Pyrenees Endressia. P]. 1 foot. 
Cult. See Cenoldphium, p- 313. for culture and propagation. 
LXXVI. THA’SPIUM (from the Isle of Thapsia, which 
gave the name to the Thapsia of the ancients ; in allusion to its 
affinity with that genus). Nutt. gen. amer. 1. p. 196. exclusive 
of some species. D.C. prod. 4. p. 153. ; 
P Lin, syst. Pentdndria, Digynia. Margin of calyx 5-toothed. 
etals elliptic, tapering into a Jong, inflexed point. Fruit not 
cetera from the sides, somewhat elliptic ; mericarps convex, 
ik 5 winged, nearly equal ribs; furrows striated, each fur- 
ished with l vitta: and the commissure with 2. Seed terete. 
TE erennial herbs, natives of North America. Involucra want- 
mg; involucels unilateral, of 3 leaves. This is a very distinct 
ey from Smyrnium and Zizia; but it is evidently allied to 
lament from the fruit, but is distinguished from that genus in 
i a yx being 5-toothed, in the petals not being emarginate, 
n the involucels being 3-leaved, and in habit. 
$1. 
mh Ate ATROPURPU'REUM (Nutt. gen. amer. 1. p. 196.) radical 
a petiolate, cordate, undivided ; cauline leaves pinnate, of 
“7 ovate-oblong, cartilaginously toothed, petiolulate leaflets. 
“tig Native from Carolina to Virginia, on hills; frequent 
ut Philadelphia. Smyrnium atropurpureum, Lam. dict. 3. 
K 667. -Ell. sketch. 1: p. 366. Cnidium atropurpùreum, 
preng. in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 418. Flowers ‘greenish while 
mane, but at length becoming dark purple. Fruit small, with 
er exserted, and membranous. 
ark purple-flowered Thaspium. Clt. 1810. Pl. 2 feet. 
Umbels opposite the leaves. Flowers dark purple. 
Umbels terminal. Flowers yellow. 
§ 2. 
2 T. Barsino’pe (Nutt. gen. amer. 1. p. 196.) Jower leaves 
somewhat triternate: superior ones biternate; leaflets ovate- 
cuneated, acute, unequally and deeply serrated, but entire at the 
base. Y.H. Native about Philadelphia, on the shady banks 
of the Schuylkill. Ligústicum barbindde, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 
l. p. 167. Smyrnium, Muhl. cat. p. 32. Thapsia trifoliata, 
Mill, dict. no. 5.? Spreng. in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 615. Um- 
bels dichotomous, terminal. Petals yellow. Fruit elliptic, with 
7 wings : the alternating ones larger than the others. Stem pu- 
bescent at the joints, the rest glabrous. 
Bearded-jointed Thaspium. Fl. June, July. Clt.1700. Pl. 
2 to 3 feet. 
8 T. actæiròLium (Nutt. 1. c.) leaves biternate: leaflets oval, 
equally toothed; umbels somewhat verticillate: lateral ones 
sterile. %. H. Native of Canada, on the banks of the St. 
Lawrence, near Tadoussach; and of Virginia. Ligtsticum 
acteifdlium, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 166. Herb 3 feet 
high. Leaves of involucels setaceous. Fruit oblong-oval, with 
10 rather winged ribs. 
Actea-leaved Thaspium. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1810. Pl. 3 ft. 
Cult. The species of this genus will grow in any common 
garden soil, but best in peat; and are easily increased by dividing 
at the root, or by seed. 
LXXVII. TROCHISCA/’NTHES (from zpoxeoxoe, trochiskos, 
a small wheel, and av@oc, anthos, a flower; shape of flowers). 
Koch, umb. p. 103. f.95. Gaudin, fl. helv. 2. p. 401. D.C. 
prod. 4. p. 154. Podopétalum, Gaud. mss. 
Lin. syst. Pentándria, Digýnia. Margin of calyx 5-toothed. 
Petals on long claws, spatulately obovate, with a triangular in- 
flexed point. Fruit a little compressed from the sides ; meri- 
carps with 5 sharp, rather winged, equal ribs: lateral ribs mar- 
ginating ; vittee 3-4 in the furrows, which are broad, and 8 in 
the commissure. Carpophore bipartite, Seed rather semi- 
terete.—Glabrous, perennial herbs. Radical leaf biternate ; 
leaflets large, ovate-lanceolate, unequally serrated. Stem much 
branched, naked at the apex. Involucra wanting, or of 1 leaf; 
involucels of 2-5 leaves. Flowers white, those in the disk of 
the umbel sterile. 
1 T. nopirto‘rus (Koch, umb. p. 104.). 4%. H. Native of 
Upper Provence, Dauphiny, Vallais, Piedmont, Hungary, &c. in 
shady mountain woods. Smyrnium nodifldrum, All. pedem. 2. 
p. 25. t. 72. Ligústicum nodiflorum, Vill. dauph. 2. p. 608. 
Angélica paniculata, Lam. dict. 1. p. 172. Imperatoria_nodi- 
flòra, Lam. fl. fr. 3. p. 417. Laserpitium verticillatum, Waldst. 
et Kit. pl. rar. hung. 2. p. 186. t. 171. is perhaps properly re- 
ferred to this by Sprengel, but it appears to differ in the form of 
the petals and fruit. 
Knot-flonered Trochiscanthes. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1810. 
Pl. 3 feet. 
Cult. See Théspium above for culture and propagation. 
LXXVIII. ATHAMA’NTA (some species found upon 
Mount Athamas, in Sicily). Koch, umb. p. 106. f. 49-50. but 
not of Scop. D. C. prod. 4. p. 154.—Bubon and Athamanta, 
species of Lin. Athamánta species, Spreng.—Libanotis, Scop. 
intr. no. 301. Lag. am. nat. 2. p. 100. 
Lin. syst. Pentdndria, Digynia. Margin of calyx 5-toothed. 
Petals obovate, emarginate, or entire, with a very short ungui- 
culate inflexed point. Fruit attenuated at the neck ; transverse 
section nearly terete, or a little compressed from the sides; 
mericarps with 5 filiform, wingless, equal ribs: lateral ribs 
marginating ; vitte 2 or 3 in each furrow. Seed somewhat 
semi-terete. Carpophore unknown.—Perennial or biennial 
herbs, usually velvety from villi on the stem, leaves, and fruit. 
ss 2 
