UMBELLIFERA. LXXIX. Licusticum. 
LXXIX. LIGU’STICUM (so named from some of the spe- 
cies growing abundantly in Liguria). Koch. umb. p. 104. f. 
44-47. but not of Lag. D.C. prod. 4. pe 157.—Ligasticum 
species of authors. 
Lin. syst. Penténdria, Digynia. Margin of calyx 5-toothed, 
or obsolete, Petals obovate, acute, emarginate, with an inflexed 
point, on very short claws. Transverse section of fruit nearly 
terete, or a little compressed from the sides; mericarps with 5 
sharp, rather winged, equal ribs: lateral ribs marginating ; vitte 
many, both in the furrows and commissure. Seed almost semi- 
terete.—Herbs, for the most part perennial. Leaves decom- 
pound, or ternately divided. Involucra various; involucels of 
many leaves. Flowers white. 
§ 1, Margin of calyx evidently 5-toothed: teeth permanent. 
1 L. Scértcum (Lin. spec. p. 359.) stem slightly branched at 
the upper part, striated, smooth; leaves biternate, opaque; 
leaflets rhomboid, broad, acute, smooth, serrated; involucra of 
unequal, partly leafy, entire leaves; leaves of involucel more 
numerous, lanceolate, rather unequal. 4%. H. Native of Lap- 
land, Norway, &c., North America, and Siberia; Kotzebue’s 
Sound, and Kamtschatka; Scotland on the sea-coast about the 
Frith of Forth; also on the western coast; very abundant in 
rocky places ; about Dunstonburgh Castle in Northumberland. 
Smith, engl. bot. t. 1207. Fl. dan. t. 207. Torrey, fl. un. st. 
l. p. 813. Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 1. p. 390. An- 
gélica Scótica, Lam. dict. 1. p. 173. Séseli Scéticum, Riv. pent. 
nr, p, 59, A'pium ternatum, Willd. herb. in Roem. et Schultes, 
syst. 6. p. 431. Flowers white, with a reddish tinge ; anthers 
red. Fruit oblong, having the commissure furnished with 6 
vittee. Root fusiform, warm, and pungent. The herb is eaten 
either crude or boiled by the natives of Scotland and its isles. 
The flavour is highly acrid, and though aromatic, and perhaps 
not unwholesome, is very nauseous to those who are unaccus- 
tomed to such food. L. Scéticum, Lour. coch. p. 183. cultivated 
in Cochin-china, belongs probably to a distinct genus, from the 
circumstance of the petals being entire. 
Scotch Lovage. Fl. July. Britain. Pl. 1 foot. 
§ 2. Margin of calyx minutely 5-toothed. Involucra of 
many leaves, 
2 L. Carniéticum (Host, fl. aust. 1. p. 378.) stem erect, 
branched, striated; radical leaves triternate ; leaflets decurrent, 
Pinate-parted: segments pinnatifid, mucronate; involucra of 
many leaves, which are toothed at the apex. %.H. Native 
of Carniola, on a mountain called Grosskahlenberg ; and of Sile- 
sia. Fruit large, nearly 3 lines long, ovate-oblong, having the 
ribs Short and a little winged, and with the furrows broad and 
furnished with 3 vittee each. Teeth of calyx very small. 
Carniolian Lovage. PI. 2 to 3 feet? 
4, ALA‘TUM (Spreng. umb. spec. p. 125.) stem furrowed 
eja winged; leaves supra-decompound ; leaflets petiolate, ovate, 
eon pinnatifid: segments deeply serrated, oblong; invo- 
ucra of few leaves ; leaves of involucels setaceous, about equal 
ìn length to the umbellules. Y%.H. Native of Caucasus, in 
grassy places, Roem, et Schultes, syst. 6. p. 551. Athamanta 
alata, Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 214. Cnídium myrrhifòlium, Bieb. 
Suppl. p.212. Flowers rose-coloured when young, but at length 
coming white; anthers red. Margin of calyx short, 5- 
toothed. The commissure, according to Koch, is furnished with 
“id Vittee, and the furrows with as many, from which it differs 
rom the genus Cnidium and especially from C. apiifolium, which 
18 very like, 
inged-st r 2 Pls 
Sins aig emmed Lovage. FI. July, Aug. Clt. 1816 
317 
4 L. reruta'ceum (All. pedem. no. 1319. t. 60. f. 1.) stem 
branched, striated ; leaves supra-decompound ; segments rather 
remote, linear, cuspidate ; leaves of involucra pinnatifid at the 
apex. &. H. Native of Dauphiny, Piedmont, and Jura, on 
the lower alps, in open places; and of Dauria, but not of the 
Pyrenees, because L. ferulaceum of Lapeyr. is Séseli Libandtis, 
Laserpitium Daúricum, Jacq. hort. vind. 3. t. 88. Ligústicum 
Seguieri, Vill. dauph. 2. p. 615. exclusive of the synonymes. 
Furrows of fruit furnished with 3-4 vittæ each, and the com- 
missure with 8 vittæ. ex Koch, umb. p. 105. Stems usually 
spotted. ` 
Ferula-like Lovage. Fl. Jul, Aug. Cilt. 1775. Pl. 2 to 3 ft. 
5 L. cynarmro.ium (Viv. in litt. 1820. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 
158.) stem terete, branched ; leaves decompound from the pe- 
tiole being much branched; leaflets multifid: segments linear, 
acute ; involucra and involucels of many leaves ; umbel of many 
rays; umbellules nearly globose, many-flowered. 4. H. Na- 
tive of Corsica, in the fissures of rocks. Habit almost of Cnidium 
apioides or Ligtsticum Seguiérit, but is easily distinguished from 
them in the involucrum being of many leaves; and from ZL. 
Jerulaceum it is distinguished by the stem being hardly striated, 
in the leaves of involucels being undivided, and in the umbel- 
lules being more crowded with flowers. Mature fruit not seen. 
Fool’s-parsley-leaved Lovage. Pl. 3 to 4 feet. 
6 L. connrotium (D. C. prod. 4. p. 158.) stem terete, 
branched ; Jeaves supra-decompound, glabrous; leaflets pinna- 
tifid: lobes acutely toothed ; involucra and involucels of many 
linear, acute, deflexed leaves, which are as well as the rays of the 
umbel and upper part of the stem pubescent. 4%. H. Native 
of Nipaul, on high mountains. Laserpitium coniifdlium, Wall. 
mss, Plant tall and very showy. Radical leaves 2 feet long, 
with trifid petioles. Mericarps with 5 wings, and having many 
vittee in the furrows. 
Hemlock-leaved Lovage. PI. 4 to 6 feet. 
7 L. srrra‘rum (D. C. prod. 4. p. 158.) stem terete, branched ; 
leaves bipinnate; lobes or leaflets entire, acute, rarely cut; in- 
volucra and involucels of 5-6 linear, spreadingly-deflexed leaves, 
which are glabrous as well as the stems and rays of the umbel. 
u.H. Native of Nipaul, in the Great Valley, in rice-fields. 
Laserpitium striatum, Wall. mss., but is referrible to the genus 
Ligústicum from the mericarps being furnished with 5 wings, 
and in the furrows being furnished with many vittee, &c. 
Striated Lovage. PI. 3 to 4 feet. 
8 L. cunerrotrum (Guss. pl. rar. p. 130. t. 26.) stem striated, 
branched ; leaves shining, tripinnate ; leaflets pinnatifid: seg- 
ments short, cuneiform, trifid, obtuse, awned, approximate; in- 
volucra permanent, of many leaves ; fruit oval, glabrous. %. H. 
Native of the kingdom of Naples, in Abbruzzo, in open places 
of valleys. Allied to L. Pyrene‘um. ; 
Wedge-leafletted Lovage. P]. 1 to 2 feet. 
9 L. p1’scotor (Ledeb. fl. ross. alt. ill. t. 310. fl. alt. 1. p. 
321.) lower leaves ternately bipinnate ; lower leaflets petiolate, 
ternate: upper ones and segments of the lower ones oblong, 
pinnatifid, or cut, decurrent; involucra of many lanceolate- 
linear, deciduous leaves; involucels of many linear, permanent 
leaves. YY. H. Native of Altaia, near Riddersk, Alexan- 
drowsk, and Belaja at the river Buchtorminsk. L. Peloponne- 
siàcum, Pall. itin. 2. p. 528.2? Root fusiform, stupose, perhaps 
biennial. Stem solitary, branched, furrowed, glabrous. Leaves 
pale green above, and pale glaucous beneath. Petioles of 
radical leaves half a foot Jong, ternate, and the divisions bi- 
pinnate. Rays of umbel variable in length. Calyx with 5 
minute teeth. Petals white. Mericarps with 5 rather winged 
ribs; having the furrows furnished with 3 vittæ, and the com- 
missure with 4-6. It differs from L. cándicans of Aiton, in 
the involucra being of many leaves. 
