UMBELLIFERA. LXXIX. Licusticum. 
known. According to Kunth, this is perhaps a species of He- 
racleum. 
Doubtful Lovage. PI. 1 foot. 
24 L.? Gra'cum (D. C. prod. 4. p. 159.) stem erect, 
branched; leaves all bipinnate. 2/. H. Native of Greece. 
Ligisticum Gree'cum folio-apii, Tourn. cor. p. 23. Accord- 
ing to the fruit, which is preserved in the herbarium of the 
museum of Paris, it is a true species of Ligtisticum. Sium 
Gre‘cum, Lour. and S. Gree‘cum, Lin. are very different plants 
from this. 
Greek Lovage. Pl.? 
25 L. Carr’yse (D. C. prod. 4. p. 159.) stem erect, branched ; 
leaves bipinnate ; leaflets short, thick; involucra and involucels 
of 3-5 leaves; fruit ovate ; calyx obsolete. 2. G. Native of 
the Cape of Good Hope. Athaménta Capénsis, Burm. fl. cap. 
p. 7. In Burmann’s herbarium there are specimens of several 
plants fastened on the same sheet of paper, under the name of 
Athaménta Capénsis, therefore the one which he meant to go 
under this name is doubtful. 
Cape Lovage. P]. 2 feet. 
Cult. See Athaménta, p. 316. for culture and propagation. 
LXXX. SILA'US (a name used by Pliny for an umbelliferous 
plant). Besser, in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 34, inanote. Koch, 
cre p. 105. D. C. prod. 4. p. 161.—Peucédanum species of 
in. 
Lin. syst. Pentdndria, Digynia. Margin of calyx obsolete. 
Petals obovate-oblong, narrowed into an inflexed point, entire, 
or rather emarginate, appendiculate at the base, or sessile and 
truncate. Transverse section of fruit nearly terete. Mericarps 
with 5 sharp, rather winged equal ribs : Jateral ribs marginating ; 
vittee many in each furrow, and so close together as to appear 
like a single broad one; and 4-6 in the commissure. Seed 
somewhat semi-terete.—Glabrous, perennial herbs. Leaves cut 
into many parts; leaflets linear. Involucra wanting, or of few 
leaves : involucels of many leaves. Flowers cream-coloured 
or greenish. This genus is very nearly allied to Ligústicum. 
1 S. prare’nsts (Bess. enum. pl. vohl. p. 43. no. 1367.) stem 
angular; leaves supra-decompound ; leaflets pinnate-parted : 
Segments rather remote, lanceolate, nerved, a little channelled, 
cuspidate ; involucra obsolete, or of 1-2 leaves. Y.H. Na- 
tive of humid meadows, from Europe to Tauria; and Siberia ; 
ay Britain, in rather moist meadows and pastures. Peucédanum 
Silaus, Lin. spec. 354. Smith, engl. bot. 2142. Mart. rust. 
t, 128. Jacq. aust. t. 15. Hayne, arz. gew. 7. t.5. Cnidium 
Sildus, Spreng. umb. prod. 40. ` Schultes, syst. 6. p. 416. Sium 
Silaus, Roth, fl. germ. 1. p. 129. Séseli praténse, Riv. pent. 
ur. t. 58. Crantz, austr. 3. p. 209. t. 6. f.1. Séseli selinoides, 
Jacq. enum. vind. 227. Ligiisticum Silaus, Duby, in D. C. 
bot. gall. 1. p. 230.—Mor. hist. 3. sect. 9. t. 6. Ê 10.—Lob. 
icon. 738. f. 5.—Petiv. herb. brit. t. 28. f. 5. Root spindle- 
shaped. Herb smooth, dark green. Leaves bipinnate ; leaflets 
elliptic-lanceolate, entire: either undivided or separated almost 
to the base into 2 or 3 segments of the same shape and magni- 
tude, Umbels of several unequal rays. Involucra of from 
1-3 linear, white-edged leaves, but most frequently none at all. 
Avolucels of several linear leaves. Flowers yellow or greenish 
white, Fruit roundish-ovate. The whole plant, being fetid, 
erie bruised, is supposed in some parts of Norfolk to give a 
dad flavour to milk and butter ; but cattle certainly do not eat 
It} except accidentally, or insmall quantities, sufficient perhaps to 
ih the effect in question. Where this herb abounds in pas- 
ures, it may be found partially cropped, though generally left 
almost entire. 
Meadow Pepper-saxifrage. Fl. Aug. Sept. Brit. Pl. 1 to 2 ft. 
2 S. TENUIÒLIUS (D.C. mem. soc, gen. vol. 4.) stem terete, 
LXXX. Staus. 819 
striated ; leaves 3 or 4 times pinnate; leaflets pinnatifid or 
trifid : segments linear, cuspidate, somewhat divaricate ; invo- 
lucrum wanting; fruit cylindrical. %. H. Native of Hun- 
gary and Teneriffe? Peucédanum tenuifòlium, Desf. hort. par. 
1813, p. 120. Poir. dict. 5. p. 228. but not of Thunb. Peu- 
cédanum serótinum, Pers. ench. 1. p. 310. Peuced. Mathìoli, 
Spreng. in Schultes, syst. 6. p- 569. Silaus Mathioli, Koch, 
umb. p. 106. Spreng. pug. 2. p. 56. umb. spec. p. 113. This 
plant is usually to be found in gardens under the name of Mèum 
Sibiricum. 
Fine-leaved Pepper-saxifrage. Clt. 
Pl. 2 to 3 feet. 
3 S. anpe’stris (Bess. enum. pl. vohl. p. 43. no. 1405.) stem 
striated; leaves bipinnate or tripinnate, with the ramifications 
spreading; leaflets pinnate; lower segments 3 or 4-parted: 
upper ones entire: lobes all entire, linear, cuspidate; involucra 
almost wanting ; leaves of involucels setaceous; fruit ovate- 
oblong. 1. H. Native of the south of Podolia, in open fields ; 
and of Altaia, near Schulbinsk, at the river Irtysch. Peucé- 
danum alpéstre, Spreng. umb. spec. p. 56. exclusive of the 
synonymes. Peuced. Silaus, Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 215. Silaus 
Besséri, D. C. prod. 4. p. 161. Flowers yellowish. Differs 
from S. tenuifdlius in the fruit being shorter and thicker, nearly 
ovate, not cylindrical. Compare it with Peucédanum alpéstre, 
Lin. which is not sufficiently known. 
Alp Pepper-saxifrage. Fl. Jul. Aug. Clt. 1739. Pl. 1 to 2 ft. 
4 S. LoncIròLIus (Led. fi. ross. alt. 1. p. 328.) leaves supra- 
decompound, with the ramifications rather divaricate; leaflets 
somewhat tripartite: segments lanceolate or linear, cuspidate ; 
involucra almost wanting ; leaves of involucels setaceous. 2%. 
H. Native of Siberia, in meadows, about the rivers Irtysch 
and Buchtorminsk. Ligisticum longifdlium, Willd. spec. 1. 
p. 1428. Athamdanta denudata, Fisch. Angélica Fischéri, 
Spreng. in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 605. Crithmum Mediter- 
raneum, Bieb. fl. taur. 3. p. 215. Ligústicum Fischéri, Link, 
enum. 1. p. 276. Cnidium Fischéri, Spreng. syst. 1. p. 888.— 
Gmel. sib. 1. p. 188. no. 4. t. 41. The Altaian plant differs 
from the one collected on the banks of the Volga, in the leaves 
being more profoundly divided, nearly ternate ; in the segments 
being linear, not 3-5-parted ; in the lobes being lanceolate ; and 
in the involucra being usually of 1 leaf. Furrows of fruit fur- 
nished with 1 vittæ each, but sometimes the outer ones have 2, 
Var. B, divaricdtum ; segments of leaves longer. 2%. H. 
Cnidium divaricdtum, Led. ind. sem. hort. dorp. 
Long-leaved Pepper-saxifrage. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1820. 
Pl. 2 feet. 
5 S. carviro'zivs (Meyer, pflanz. p. 125.) root fusiform; 
stem furrowed and striated, branched; leaves bipinnate ; 
leaflets of the radical leaves decussate: of the cauline linear, 
divaricate ; involucra and involucels composed of short seta~ 
ceous leaves; rays of umbel very unequal. %4. H. Native of 
Caucasus, on the higher mountains. Bunium peucedanoides, 
Bieb, fl. taur. 1. p. 208. suppl. 211. D. C. prod. 4. p. 116. 
Sium peucedanoides, Spreng. umb. spec. 41. no. 5. Peucé- 
danum carvifòlia, Bieb. Petals pale yellow. Vittæ solitary in 
the furrows, according to Besser: but there are 2-3 vittæ in 
nearly all the furrows, rarely solitary. 
Caraway-leaved Pepper-saxifrage. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1818. 
BETTE 
6 S.? pevcepanornes (D. C. prod. 4. p. 161.) root turnip- 
formed ; stem striated, fistular, somewhat trichotomous at the 
apex; leaves nearly ternate; segments linear, acute, entire, 
with revolute margins; involucra of 1 leaf; involucels wanting ; 
umbels of 4-5 rays; umbellules 8-10-flowered. ©.? H. Na- 
tive of South America, on temperate mountains about Popayan. 
Cnidium peucedanoides, H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 5. p- 
Fl. July, Aug. 1818. 
