324 
Thames, between Woolwich and Plumstead, very abundantly ; 
in the county of Durham; and at Broadmere, about 7 miles 
north-west from Birmingham. Angélica Archangélica, Lin. 
spec. 360. Oed. fi. dan. t. 206. Nees, off. pfi. 9. t. 14. Hayn. 
arz. gew. 7. t. 8. Smith, engl. bot. 2561. Woodv. med. bot. t. 
60. Angélica officinalis, Moench, meth. p. 81. Angel. sativa, 
Mill. dict. no. 1. Riv. pent. t. 15. Petiv. herb. brit. t. 24. f. 9. 
Camer. epit. 899. f. 1.—Ger. emac. 1000. Flowers greenish. 
The garden angelica was formerly cultivated on account of its 
leaf-stalks, which were blanched, and eaten as celery ; now they 
are used only when candied, being, when so prepared, acceptable 
to most people, and are not so powerfully aromatic ; the young 
and tender stalks are for this purpose collected in May. Some- 
times also the seeds and leaves are used in medicinal prepara- 
tions. The root, which is the most efficacious part, is used in 
the aromatic tincture. Of the anti-pestilential virtues of the 
root, those who wish to be informed will find amusement at 
least in old Gerarde, p. 1000. 
The plant delights in moist situaticns, or the bank of running 
water; but will grow freely in any soil or exposure. The 
plants are raised from seed, and for a bed 44 feet by 6, sown in 
drills a foot apart, to be transplanted ; half an ounce of seed 
will be requisite. ‘‘ Sow in August, or as soon as the seed is 
ripe, as the plants will come up earlier and stronger than from 
sowing in the spring. When the plants are advanced from 4 to 
6 inches high, transplant them into rows 2 feet apart. They 
will soon strike root, and advance quickly in strong growth. In 
the second year these strong erect branchy stalks will be several 
feet high, producing large umbels of flowers and seed, ripening 
in autumn, which, as well as the leaves of the plant, are used in 
medicine. But for candying, the young shoots of the stem and 
stalks of the leaves are the useful parts; being cut while green 
and tender in May and June, they are made by the confectioners 
into the sweet-meat called angelica. In the second year, if seed 
is not wanted, cut the plants down in May, and the stock will 
send out side shoots; by repeating this practice every year, the 
same plant may be long continued.”—Abercrombie. 
Officinal or Garden-angelica. Fl. June, Sept. Britain. 
4 to 6 feet. 
2 A. ATROPURPU`REA (Hoffm. umb. 169.) stem polished, pur- 
ple, with a glaucous bloom, branched.at the top; leaves ternate, 
then pinnate ; leaflets ovate, acute, deeply serrated, and some- 
what lobed: the terminal ones confluent ; petioles dilated, and 
tumid at the base; branches and umbels pubescent ; involucra 
wanting; the involucels of many narrow leaves. ¢.H. Na- 
tive from Canada to Virginia, in moist meadows. Angélica 
atropurpurea, Lin, spec. 360. Lam. dict. 1. p.173. Torr. fl. un. 
st. 1. p. 316. Angélica triquinata, Bigel. fl. bost. p. 68. ex Torr. 
—Corn. can. 199. with a bad figure.—Moris, hist. sect. 9. t. 3. 
f. 9. bad. Petals rusty purplish or white. The plant may be 
used in the same way as the 4. officinalis, 
Dark-purple-stemmed Archangelica. 
1759. Pl. 4 to 6 feet. 
3 A. pecu’rrEns (Led. fl. ross. alt. ill. t. 166. fi. alt. 1. p. 
316.) stem striated, with a glaucous bloom, furnished with leaves 
and axillary branches at the base ; leaves pinnate or bipinnate : 
lower leaflets pinnate, upper ones pinnatifid : segments oblong, 
or ovate-oblong, acuminated, decurrent : odd one 3-lobed; in- 
volucra of many narrow leaves. 2. H. Native of Altaia, 
every where on the margin of rivulets. Flowers like those of 4. 
officinalis, but varying more to yellow. Habit of 4. officinalis, 
but differs in the leaves being much acuminated, those on the 
secondary branches of the petiole running down it a great way, 
and serrated their whole length. Fruit exhaling a heavy smell 
when rubbed. 
Decurrent-leafletted Archangelica. 
Pi. 
Clt. 
Fl. July, Aug. 
Fl. year. Pl. 6 to 8 ft, 
UMBELLIFERÆ. XC. ArcHanceLica. 
XCI. Oporpanax. 
4 A. .irrora‘tis (Agardh, in litt, ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 170.) 
stem glabrous, terete, striated, hard; leaves bipinnate; leaflets 
ovate, acute, serrated: odd one 8-lobed; sheaths large; leaves 
of involucels rather scabrous, one-half shorter than the umbel- 
lules. %. H. Native of the north of Europe, on the sea 
shore. Archangélica spiria or A. littoralis, Wahl. carp. p. 84, 
A. major, Lag. gen. nov. et spec. p. 13. ?—Dodon. pempt. 318. 
f. 1? Flowers whitish. Stem hard and acrid, not edible. 
Sea-shore Archangelica. PI. 4 to 6 feet. 
5 A. Gmetrni (D.C, prod. 4. p. 170.) stem glabrous, terete, 
striated; leaves ternate ; leaflets tripartite: lobes ovate, ser- 
rated, cuneated at the base ; sheaths middle-sized ; leaves of in- 
volucels about equal in length to the umbellules. 2/.H. Na- 
tive of Kamtschatka and Kotzebue’s Sound. Angélica Gmelini, 
Wormsk. ex Fisch. in litt. A'pium ternatum, Pall. in Spreng. 
syst. 1, p. 890. he plant is used for culinary purposes by the 
Russians in Kamtschatka. Fruit like those of A. officinalis, but 
more oblong, and the vitte are fewer. There is a dwarfer 
variety of this found in Kotzebue’s Sound. 
Gmelin’s Archangelica. Pl. 14 foot. 
Cult. The species are of easy cultivation; and are only to 
be increased by seed. 
Tribe VII. 
PEUCEDA'NEE (so named from the plants agreeing with 
the genus Peucédanum in many points), or Orthospérme pauc- 
jugate dipteree.—Selineze, Koch, umb. p. 88. Fruit flatly or 
lenticularly compressed from the back, girded by an entire dila- 
ted smooth winged flattened or rather convex margin. . Mericarps 
with 5 filiform ribs, which are rarely winged ; lateral ones conti- 
guous to the margin, or running into it; raphe marginal, hence 
the fruit is only furnished with one wing on each side, not as In 
tribe Angelicee, furnished with 2 wings on each side from the 
raphe being central. Seed flattened or convex on the back, 
XCI. OPO’PANAX (from oroc, opos, juice, rav, pan, all, 
and axoc, akos, a remedy; that is to say, a plant the Juice of 
which is supposed to cure all diseases). Koch, umb. 96. D. C. 
prod. 4. p. 170.—Pastinàca and Laserpitium species.—Férula 
species, Spreng. Lag. 
Lin. syst. Pentdndria, Digynia. Margin of calyx obsolete. 
Petals roundish, entire, involute, with an acutish point. Stylo- 
podium broad, thick. Styles very short. Fruit flatly sane ie 
eric 
sed from the back, girded by a dilated convex margin. 
carps with 3 dorsal filiform slender ribs; the lateral ones “— 
or not distinct from the margins ; vittee 3 in each furrow, an 
6-10 in the commissure. Seed flat.—A perennial herb. Root 
thick. Stem rough. Leaves bipinnate; leaflets unequally cor- 
date, crenated, obtuse. Umbels composed of many rays- In- 
volucra and involucels of few leaves. Flowers yellow. > 
1 O. Currdsium (Koch, l. c.) Y.H. Native of the sa 
of France, in open situations; also of Italy, Sicily, Croatia, an 
Greece. Nees, off. pfl. 17. t. 11. Laserpitium Chirònium, 
Lin. spec. p. 376. Pastinàca Opópanax, Lin. spec. 376. Gouan. 
ill. t. 14. Waldst. et Kit. hung. 3. t. 211. Smith, fi. græc. t. 
288. Woodv. med. bot. t. 113. Selinum Opópanax, Crantz, 
austr. p. 53. Férula Opópanax, Spreng. umb. spec. 77. Schultes, 
syst. 6. p. 597. Pastinàca altíssima, Lam. fl. fr. 3. p. 465.— 
Lob. icon. t. 702.—Moris, hist. 3. p. 315. sect. 9. t. 17. f. 2. 
Sheaths at the flowering branches spathaceous, and ieee 
destitute of leaves. Leaves hairy, especially beneath. Although 
the plant is a native of the south of Europe, the gum-resin; 
which is said to be obtained by wounding the. stalk or root, + 
brought from the Levant and the East Indies, sometimes at 
round drops or tears, but more commonly in irregular lumps, e 
a reddish yellow-colour on the outside, with specks of white 3 
