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~ Lin. fil, suppl. p. 180. 
UMBELLIFERÆ. CVII. Asrypamia. 
the 2 lateral ribs lost in the margin. Dorsal vittæ very few, 
and the commissural ones are either wanting or covered. ` Seed 
unknown.—A smooth, fleshy subshrub. Leaves pinnate; leaf- 
lets cuneated, deeply toothed at the apex : ultimate ones confluent. 
Umbels compound. Involucra and involucels of many leaves. 
Flowers yellow. It differs from Crithmum and Bupleirum in the _ 
fruit being compressed from the back, and in the calyx being 5- 
toothed ; and from Heracléum in the vitte not being club- 
shaped, and in the petals being entire; and from Laserpitium 
in the ribs being hardly elevated, and in the petals being entire ; 
and from Pastindca, to which it is most nearly allied, in the fruit 
being rather fungous and a little crested, with the margins hardly 
flattened, 
1 A. Canarte'nse (D.C. prod. 4. p. 190.). . G. Native 
of Teneriffe, on rocks by the RER o e latif òlium, 
Tenòria Canariénsis, Spreng. umb. spec. 
p20. t. 6. f. 13. and in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 377. exclusive of 
oe eynmyme of Cav. Laserpitium crithmifélium, Link, in 
a can. p. 151. Heracleum Canariénse, Choisy, in herb. 
a » Root thick. Stem terete, sparingly branched, a foot 
ee - Leaves rather glaucous; petioles sheathing. Upper 
eaves reduced almost to the petioles. Umbels 15-rayed; um- 
paises 10-12-rayed. Involucra of 5-7 oblong, rather concave 
leaves, 
Canary-island Astydamia. Fl. Jul. Clt.1780. Sh. 14 ft. 
PRE This plant will require the same treatment as is re- 
by a ed for Crithmum, p- 321.3; but it will require shelter 
$ as SYMPHYOLO'MA (from ovupvw, symphuo, to glue 
se ae and wpa, loma, a fringe ; the margins of the mericarps 
e closely joined together). Meyer, verz. pflanz. p. 127. 
Pat oe Syst. Pentdndria Digynia. Margin of calyx obsolete. 
witho, equal, emarginate, with an inflexed point. Stylopodium 
se oe margin. Styles reflexed. Fruit elliptic, compressed 
onic back, flat, with rounded margins ; mericarps closely 
ae ogether at the margins ; with 5 filiform ribs: the 3 dor- 
sil = at equal distances : and the lateral ones more remote 
pane Most marginating. Vittee wanting or obsolete. Seed 
mike See Carpophore wanting.—A humble herb. Leaves 
SE 5, nearly orbicular leaflets. Involucra none. Petals 
bein rut very singular in its structure, by the mericarps 
5 closely joined at the margins. 
Alps os (Meyer, I. c.). 4.2? H. Native of the 
ane. afandagh, in Eastern Caucasus, among fragments of 
Strong-scented S ymphyoloma. PI. humble. 
Cult. See Pastinaca above for culture and propagation. 
him) HERACLEUM (Heracles, Hercules; sacred to 
sh in. gen. p. 345. Lam. ill. t. 200. Lag. am. nat. 2. 
- Koch, umb. 89.—Heracléum, Spondylium, and Wéndia, 
species, g ronylium, Tourn. inst. p. 319. t. 170.—Heraclèum 
0 la P entandria, Digynia. Calyx 5-toothed. Petals 
radiating €marginate, with an inflexed point : outer ones usually 
girded È and bifid. Fruit flatly compressed from the back, 
the 3 ges Si fiat, dilated margin. Mericarps with slender ribs : 
mote fou ones at equal distances: and the 2 lateral ones re- 
solitar T e others, contiguous to the dilated margin. _Vittæ 
px T in : ie furrows, and usually twin in the commissure, all 
innate rsal ones 4.—Strong, coarse, robust herbs, with broad, 
tn Is ternate, or lobed leaves; petioles large and sheathing. 
Mabie. ot many rays. Involucra caducous, usually of few 
intricat, involucels of many leaves. The species are extremely 
Cate, and difficult to define. 
CVIII, Sympxyoroma. CIX, Heracteum. 341 
Sect. I. Trrrara‘ntum (from rerpa, tetra, four, and raiva, 
tainia, vitta; in reference to the commissure being furnished 
with 4 vitte), D.C. prod. 4. p. 191. Commissure furnished 
with 4 vittæ. Flowers not radiating, cream-coloured. 
1 H. Nepate'nsts (D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 185.) stem fur- 
rowed, rather hairy; lower leaves having the petioles twice 
trifid, biternate: with tripartite leaflets; upper leaves ternate : 
with rather 3-lobed leaflets ; leaflets all ovate, acute, and equally 
serrated, rather hairy above, and pubescent along the nerves 
beneath; fruit elliptic; commissure furnished with 4 vitte. 
4%. H. Native of Nipaul. Flowers equal, yellowish. Knees 
of stems bearded with white wool. 
Nipaul Cow-parsnip. Pl. 3 to 4 feet. 
2 H. osrusirétium (Wall. mss, ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 191.) 
stem striated, pubescent; leaves ternate or 3-lobed, roundish- 
cordate; leaflets or lobes obtuse, with a few coarse teeth, rather 
hairy above, and beset with whitish pubescence beneath; umbels 
of many rays; fruit obovate; commissure furnished with 4 
vittee. Y. H. Native of Nipaul. Dorsal vittæ linear. Flowers 
not radiating, cream-coloured. 
Obtuse-leaved Cow-parsnip. Pl. 3 to 4 feet. 
3 H. riceys (Wall. mss, ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 191.) stem 
striated, pubescent ; leaves ternate, with the petioles rather hairy ; 
leaflets petiolate, orbicular, rather cordate at the base, toothed, 
scabrous from hairs above, pubescent beneath; upper leaves 
bluntly trifid; fruit obovate-elliptic ; commissure furnished 
with 4 vitte. 2. H. Native of the East Indies. Conium 
rigens, Heyne, ex Wall. Leaves of involucels lanceolate, stri- 
ated, puberulous on the outside. Flowers not radiating, cream- 
coloured. Dorsal vitte of fruit linear. 
Stiff Cow-parsnip. Pl. 2 to 4 feet? 
Secr. II. Evueracte'um (from eu, well, and Heracléum ; this 
section contains what are considered the true species of the 
genus). D.C. prod. 4. p. 191.—Heracléum, Hoffm. umb. p. 
141. D. C. prod. 4. p. 191. Commissure of fruit furnished 
with 2 vitte. Umbels equal or radiating. Petals greenish- 
yellow. ; 
4 H. rrave'scens (Baumg. fl. trans. 1. p. 214.) leaves pin- 
nate, rough from hairs; leaflets ovate or oblong ; flowers yel- 
lowish, not radiating; commissure furnished with 2 vitte. J; 
H. Native from Dauphiny to Siberia, in the grassy parts of 
mountains. Jacq. aust. 2. t. 173. 
Var. a, latifòlium (D.C. prod. 4. p. 191.) leaflets lobed or 
palmately-parted, unequally crenate-serrated ; flowers uniform, 
not radiating ; fruit orbicularly oval, glabrous, emarginate at 
the apex. %.H. Native of Tauria, Caucasus, Siberia, Da- 
huria, and many other parts of Russia, in rather humid mea- 
dows. H. Sibíricum, Lin. mant. 354. Bieb. fl. taur. and 
suppl. no. 558. Hoffm. umb. 143. t. 1. B. f. 1. Schult. syst, 
6. p. 475. H. Austrìacum, Pall. ind. taur. Spondýlium con- 
forme, Mænch, meth. p. 83.—Gmel. sib. 1. t. 50. From this 
plant a spirit is drawn at Kamtschatka, called raka, as related in 
Cook’s voy. 3. p. 337. where the process of making the spirit 
is described. It is used also as food. 
Var. B, angustif dlium (D.C. prod. 4. p. 191.) leaflets oblong, 
lanceolate, or linear, sinuately toothed, ultimate ones confluent. 
4%. H. Native of Dauphiny, Vallais, Austria, Russia, &c. in 
waste, grassy fields. H. angustifolium, Lin. mant. 56. Jacq. 
fl. aust. t. 173. H. Sibiricum of Lin. has been raised from the 
seeds of H., angustif dlium. 
Yellowish Cow-parsnip. Fl. Ju. Jul. Cit. 1789. PI. 4 to 6 ft. 
5 H. Orsi'n1 (Guss. pl. rar. p. 133, t. 27.) stem furrowed, 
muricated, almost simple; leaves simple, cordate, glabrous on 
both surfaces, rather coriaceous, obscurely lobed, and tripartite, 
