UMBELLIFERA. CIX, HERACLEUM. 
4. H. Native of the Eastern and Central Pyrenees, in rugged 
places; and of Italy, on the mountains; as well as of Croatia, 
Tyrol, and about Verona. D.C. fl. fr. 4. p. 315. H. ampli- 
folium, Lapeyr. abr. p. 153. Poll. ver. 1. p. 339. and H. setò- 
sum, Lap. suppl. p. 44. ex Benth. cat. p. 89. H. platyphy¥llum, 
Ram. pyr. ined. H. alpinum, Pers. All the other synonymes 
added to this plant by Spreng. in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 577. are 
wrong or doubtful. 
Pyrenean Cow-parsnip. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1798. Pl. 4 
to 6 feet, 
15 H. Pa’nacrs (Lin. spec. p. 358.) leaves pinnate, canes- 
cent beneath ; leaflets on long petioles, cordate, usually 3-lobed, 
toothed; leaves of involucels linear-setaceous; young fruit 
bearing a few scattered hairs. &. H. Native of the southern 
Alps of Europe. Lob. icon. t. 701. f. 2. Mor. ox. sect. 9. t. 
17. f. 3. H. setdsum, Lapeyr. abr. p. 153? 
True Cow-parsnip. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1796. PI. 6 feet. 
16 H. a’sprrum (Bieb. fl. taur. suppl. p. 224.) stem rough 
from strigæ; leaves deeply lobed, serrated, acute, scabrous 
above, pubescent beneath ; umbels of 40 rays; leaves of invo- 
lucra setaceous; fruit orbicularly elliptic, when young rather 
scabrous. g.H. Native of the north of Caucasus, on Mount 
Beschtau; and according to Koch also of the Alps of Bavaria 
and Tyrol. Spondylium asperum, Hoffm. umb. p. 134. Dorsal 
vitte 2 longer than the lateral ones; all filiform; those in the 
commissure evidently clavate. In the cultivated plant the fruit 
is nearly glabrous even when young. 
Rough Cow-parsnip. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1818. Pl. 6 to 8 ft. 
17 H. vitLosum (Fisch. in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 579.) leaves 
oaa pinnatifid, sharply serrated, acuminated, clothed with 
oary tomentum beneath; leaves of involucra and involucels 
Ts deflexed; umbels sparingly radiant; fruit elliptic, 
culated, woolly on the back. &. H. Native of Caucasus, in 
gravelly places on the margins of rivulets. Stev. obs. 1828. p. 
H H. Pyrenàicum, Bieb. fl. et suppl. no. 559. but not of Lam. 
- decipiens and H. marginàtum, Hoffm. umb. p. 134. and 135. 
and probably H. gigánteum, Horn. hort. hafn. ex Prescott. 
eaves as in H. Pyrendicum hoary beneath, but differs in the 
eae fruit being tomentose, and in the adult ones being roughly 
cn Vittæ broad; the dorsal ones drawn out beyond the 
E oi and filling the furrows; the commissural ones short, 
arely somewhat branched. There are varieties with larger 
and smaller fruit. 
PAGS B, subvillosum (Hoffm. umb. gen.) fruit covered by scat- 
p aed loose hairs ; leaves less canescent beneath. 
; : ous Cow-parsnip. Fl. July. Clt. 1826. Pl. 4 to 6 feet. 
oy H. PUBE scENs (Bieb. suppl. p. 225.) leaves pubescent be- 
men cauline leaves ternate; leaflets somewhat palmately pin- 
aaa’, toothed ; segments and recesses acute ; umbels of many 
“ela involucra of 1-2 leaves; involucels short, caducous, of 
N leaves; fruit elliptic, having the disk rather villous. &. H. 
ative of the south of Tauria, in shady places; and of Eastern 
Re aa in alpine places. Spondýlium pubéscens, Hoffm. 
nie * P: 134. H. specidsum, Ledeb. hort. dorp. 77. H: Pa- 
ra Steven. mem. mosc. 3. p. 259? To this species is pro- 
7 referrible the H. gummiferum, Willd. enum. p. 312. hort. 
rol, 1. p. 58. t. 53. and t. 54. It differs, however, from H. 
eae and H. Panaces, in the young fruit being clothed 
KE Short down, not with long spreading down. Fruit glabrous 
e adult state ; having the dorsal vittz slender, and drawn out 
Set the middle, and being suddenly dilated into a club-shaped 
Piva at the apex. The young shoots are filled with a sweet 
Pi geese ea which is called Baldergan by the natives of Cau- 
A and is eaten by them in a crude state. 
iy escent Cow-parsnip. Fl. July. Clt. 1823. Pl. 4 to 5 feet. 
H. sarsa‘rom (Ledeb, fl. ross. alt. ill. t. 303.) leaves pin- 
343 
nate, with 2 pairs of leaflets ; lower leaflets and terminal one 
sinuately pinnate-parted, petiolate: lobes acuminated, serrated : 
serratures ovate, acuminated ; umbels radiant: fruit elliptic, be- 
set with a few pili, somewhat emarginate at the apex ; vittee in 
the commissure parallel. ¢.H. Native of Altaia, in moun- 
tain meadows. Stem furrowed like the rest, beset with rigid 
pili, which rise from a callous or blackish point, and which are 
usually retrograde on the lower part of the stem; bearded 
with numerous pili at the knees. Petioles hispid, bearded at 
the insertion of the petioles. Leaves pubescent beneath, but 
green and furnished with a few stiff hairs beneath at the veins. 
Involucrum of one or few leaves, caducous ; involucels of a few 
linear permanent leaves. To this plant may be referred the one 
in Gmel. fl. sib. 1. p. 213. no. 29. which Linneeus has cited for 
his H. Panaces. It is called Sladkajatrana, i. e. a sweet herb, 
by the natives of Siberia, a name given by them to many other 
plants, as to Liquorice and Milk-vetch, &c. 
Bearded Cow-parsnip. PI. 4 feet. 
20 H. pisse’crum (Ledeb. fl. ross. alt. ill. t. 304. fl. alt. 1. p. 
301.) leaves ternate ; leaflets petiolulate : lateral leaflets pinnate- 
parted: terminal one palmate-parted : segments cut or pinnatifid, 
oblong, acuminated, serrated; umbels radiant; mericarps orbi- 
cularly elliptic, at length glabrous; commissural vittæ diverg- 
ing. ¢. H. Native of Altaia, in meadows, near Tschets- 
chulicha, and the metal mines at Riddersk ; and elsewhere. H. 
lacinidtum, Fisch. in litt.? Stem deeply furrowed, sparingly 
pilose, hispid at the joints, villous towards the top. Leaves his- 
pid above from a few thick hairs, but paler and pubescent be- 
neath. Involucra wanting; involucels of a few linear leaves, 
which are variable in length. Flowers white. 
Dissected-leaved Cow-parsnip. Fl. July. Pl. 3 feet. 
21 H. Doveras (D.C. prod. 4. p. 193.) leaves scabrous 
beneath, and on the petioles, glabrous above, ternate ; leaflets 
petiolulate, cordate, 3-5-lobed, acuminated, toothed ; leaves of 
involucra numerous, subulate at the apex; fruit obovate, gla- 
brous: dorsal vittz elongated, rather club-shaped ; commissural 
vittæ 2, short, rather club-shaped, and 2 other small, nearly 
abortive ones. 2%. H. Native of the north-west coast of Ame- 
rica. This may prove nothing but a variety of H. lanatum. 
Douglas's Cow-parsnip. Pl. 3 to 4 feet. 
22 H. cunerréxme (D.C. prod. 4. p. 194.) leaves hispid be- 
neath, as well as the petioles, glabrous above, pinnate ; leaflets 
3-5, petiolulate, cordate, lobed; lobes toothed, hardly acumi- 
nated; leaves of involucra many subulate; fruit obovate-cu- 
neated, glabrous; dorsal vitte filiform; commissural vitte 2, 
rather clavate. %. H. Native country unknown, but probably 
of Siberia. 
Cuneiform-fruited Cow-parsnip. PI. 4 feet? 
23 H. ucusticirétrum (Bieb. fl. et suppl. no. 560.) leaves 
decompound, ternate or quinately pinnate, smoothish ; leaflets 
cuneated, obtuse, deeply serrated ; fruit villous ; vitte filiform, 
acute. @.H. Native of Tauria, on stony hills; and of Cau- 
casus, in subalpine places above Nikita, ex Stev. obs. 1828. p. 
71. H. montanum, Georgi in Willd. herb. ex Stev. Stem an- 
gular, pubescent, as well as the young leaves. Flowers white, 
radiant. Commissural vittee equal in length to the dorsal ones. 
Lovage-leaved Cow-parsnip. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1816. 
Pl. 2 feet. 
24 H. Cauca’sicum (Stev. mem. soc. hist. nat. mosce. 3. p. 
259.) leaves ternate; leaflets on long petioles, toothed, glabrous 
above, pubescently scabrous beneath : intermediate one 3-lobed. 
¢.H. Native of Caucasus, on the mountains, at the river Ju- 
charibasch. Flowers white, rather radiant. A plant like this 
from Iberia has the upper leaves ovate and 3-lobed, on long 
petioles, and the young fruit bristly. 
Caucasian Cow-parsnip. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1818. Pl. 4 ft. 
