350 UMBELLIFERZA. CXXIV. Tuarsia. CXXV. 
* * Involucra of 5-7 leaves. 
6 T. vory’cama (Desf. fl. atl. 1. p. 261. t. 75.) stem terete, 
glabrous, sparingly branched ; leaves glabrous, bipinnate; leaf- 
lets multifid: lobes linear, acute, divaricately trifid; involucra 
of 5-7 leaves; central flowers male. y.H. Native of Mauri- 
tania, about Bone, Lacalle, and Tangiers. Spreng. in Schultes, 
syst. 6. p. 614. exclusive of the synonyme of Lam. and there- 
fore the description. Flowers pale yellow. Stylopodium thick. 
Styles diverging, at length reflexed.—Barrel. icon. 356. appears 
to be intended for this plant, but the flowers are said to be 
white. 
Polygamous Deadly-carrot. P]. 1 to 2 feet. 
+ Species not sufficiently known. 
7 T. prxa’tta (D'Urv. enum. p. 32.) stem branched above ; 
radical leaves quadrifariously decompound, shining ; leaflets ob- 
long, cut, almost pinnatifid; umbels numerous: central one 
much the shortest: lateral ones on peduncles, which are fure 
nished each with a lanceolate twin bractea at the base. 2. H. 
Native of the island of Cos, among broken rocks at the height 
of 900 feet. Stem 6-8 feet high. Fruit unknown. 
Tall Deadly-carrot. Pl. 6 to 8 feet. 
8 T. Transraca‘na (Brot. fl. lus. 1. p. 468.) leaves bipin- 
nate; leaflets pinnatifid: segments linear-lanceolate, hairy. 2. 
H. Native of Portugal, near Montemor and Serpa. Habit of 
T. Gargénica, but more hairy. 
Transtagus Deadly-carrot. PJ. 2 to 4 feet. 
9 T. ma’xima (Mill. dict. no. 2.) leaves pinnate; leaflets very 
broad, pinnatifid, villous beneath; petioles decurrent. Y. H. 
Native of Spain, all over Old Castile quite to the Pyrenees. 
Perhaps not different from T. villdsa. Root said to be of a 
dark colour on the outside, and the leaves very thick. 
Largest Deadly-carrot. Fl. June, July. Clt.? Pl. 4 to 5 ft. 
10 T. arrtr’ssima (Mill. dict. no. 6.) leaves decompound ; 
leaflets large, shining; umbels large. 2%.H. Native of Apulia. 
Perhaps the same as T. predlta. 
Tallest Deadly-carrot. Pl. 8 feet. 
Cult. The species of Thdpsia will grow in any common 
garden soil. They are only to be increased by seeds, which 
should be sown in autumn as soon as ripe. 
CXXV. CYMO’PTERUS (from kvpa, kyma, a wave, and 
Trepov, pleron, a wing; in allusion to the undulated wings of 
the mericarps). Rafin. journ. phys. 1819. aug. p. 100. but not 
of Schultes, syst. 6. p. 34.—Thápsia, Nutt. gen. amer. 1. p.184. 
Lin. syst. Pentdndria, Digynia. Calyx minutely 5-toothed. 
Petals roundish-oval, with an inflexed point. Fruit nearly ellip- 
tic, compressed, 7-8-winged: the perfect mericarps are there- 
fore 4-winged, and the imperfect ones 3-winged : wings undu- 
lated; furrows of fruit flat, l-nerved ; commissure naked, but 
with 3 stripes. Carpophore not separable from the mericarps.— 
A smooth humble herb, with tuberous roots, rather decumbent, 
nearly naked stems; biternate leaves: with short obtuse decus- 
sate lobes, and long petioles. Umbels 4-6-rayed ; involucra 
wanting ; involucels 5-7-parted, dimidiate. Flowers polyga- 
mous ; female ones nearly sessile and white ; central ones male, 
pedicellate.—This genus is truly distinct from Thépsia, but per- 
haps may be joined with Laserpitium. 
1 C. ctomera‘tus (D. C. prod. 4. p. 204.) Yy. H. Native 
of North America, in the open plains of the Missouri. Selinum 
acaúle, Pursh, fl. bor. amer. 2. suppl. 732. Thapsia glomerata, 
Nutt. gen. amer. 1. p. 184. 
Glomerate-flowered Cymopterus. Pl. decumbent. 
Cult. See Thápsia above for culture and propagation. 
Cymorrerus. CXXVI. Laservitium. 
CXXVI. LASERPI’TIUM (from laser, its gum, and piz, 
pitch ; the name of the ancient Silphium). Tourn. inst. 324, 
t. 172. Lin. gen. 344. Spreng. umb. prod. 17. Lag. am. nat, 
2. p. 90. D.C. prod. 4. p. 204. 
Lin. syst. Pentdndria, Digynia. Margin of calyx 5-toothed. 
Petals obovate, emarginate, with an inflexed point. Fruit com- 
pressed from the back, or nearly terete, 8-winged; the 5 pri- 
mary nerves of the mericarps being filiform: and the 4 second- 
ary ones being winged. Vitte 1 in each furrow, under the 
secondary ribs. Carpophore free, bipartite—Herbs with bi- 
pinnate or tripinnate leaves; leaflets entire, toothed or cut. 
Umbels showy, of many rays. Involucra and involucels of 
many leaves. Flowers white, rarely yellow. This genus 1s 
easily distinguished from the others by the 8 wings to the fruit. 
* Fruit glabrous, or the primary ribs are clothed with ad- 
pressed, very short down. 
1 L. a’srerum (Crantz, austr. 3. p. 54.) leaves bipinnate, 
covered with rough hairs beneath and on the petioles; leaflets 
ovate, rather cordate, mucronately toothed: ultimate ones 
usually confluent; leaves of involucra linear-setaceous ; wings 
of fruit curled. 2%. H. Native of Europe, on dry hills, and 
by the margins of woods. D.C. fl. fr. suppl. p. 509. L. lati- 
folium, Lam. dict. 3. p. 423. L. pubéscens, Lag. gen. et spec. 
12. L. Cervaria, Gmel, bad. 1. p. 657. L. Libanotis, Spreng. 
in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 617. exclusive of many of the syno- 
nymes.—Lob, icon. 704. f. 2. Flowers white. 
Rough Laserwort. Pl. 1 to 2 feet. a) 
2 L. exa‘’srum (Crantz, aust. 3. p. 54.) leaves bipinnate, 
quite glabrous in every part, and shining; leaflets obliquely 
cordate, mucronately toothed: but those of the superior leaves 
are quite entire; leaves of involucra setaceous ; wings of fruit 
equal, rather curled. 2. H. Native of Europe, on the moun- 
tains, in dry and stony places. D.C. fl. fr. suppl. p. 509. ee 
folium, Lin. spec. 356. Jacq. fl. aust. t. 146. Schkuhr, handb. 
t.67. Fl. dan. t. 1513. L. Libandtis, Lam. dict. 3. p- 423.— 
Dod. pempt. 312. f. 2. Clus. hist. 2. p. 194. f. 2.—Riv. pent. t- 
21.—Plench. icon. 179.—Mor. hist. sect. 9. t. 17.—Mor. hist. 
3. p. 320. t. 19. f. 1-6. Stem and under side of leaves jec 
glaucous. Flowers white. In the Alps this plant is only a foot 
or 2 feet in height, while in cultivation it grows much larger. 
The plant is acrid and aromatic, with something of bitterness, 
and seems to merit a place amongst the aromatic stimulants, 
emmenagogues, and aperient sudorifics. It is used by the re 
sants for themselves, and by farriers for horses, in some cou! 
tries. The root is the hottest part of the plant. eA 
Var. B, crispum (Turra, fl. ital. prod. p. 65. no. 14) nre 
of fruit very much curled. %.H. Native of Mount Bal me 
Glabrous Laserwort. Fl. June, Jul. Clt. 1640. Ph. 2 to 4 k 
3 L. AQUILEGIFO LIUM (Murr. syst. p. 228.) leaves biter 
or triternate; leaflets ovate, rather cordate at the base, slig = 
lobed, glabrous, but puberulous on the nerves penra 
involucra and involucels deciduous, of few leaves; wings © 
fruit equal, flat. %. H. Native of France, Austria, Hunga 
&c. on the mountains. D.C. fl. fr. 5. p. 510. Jacq. aust. 22. t. 
147. L. trílobum, Jacq. vind. 48. Crantz, austr. p. 187. re 
of Lin. L. alpinum, Waldst. et Kit. pl. hung. t. 253., ‘ant 
prim. 2. p. 393. Stem glabrous, glaucous, green. This p 
is usually confused with Siler trilobum, from the shape “ = 
leaves; but it is easily distinguished from that plant in the 
winged fruit. pl. 
Columbine-leaved Laserwort. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1640. 
4 to 6 feet. 
4 L. Gauvi’n1 (Moretti, in Com. (1824.) 
and in bot. ital. (1825.) no. 3. p. 33.) leaves 
nate: leaflets roundly 2-3-lobed, acutely and 
1 
fl. com. no. 344 
somewhat trip!D- 
deeply serrate? 
