388 ARALIACEA. VI. Gasronta. 
+ A species not described. 
6 G. saururoipes (D.C. 1. c.) h.S. Native of the Moluc- 
cas. Gastdnica saururoides, Roxb. hort. beng. p. 90. 
Saururus-like Gilibertia. Tree. 
Cult. Shrubs and trees, having handsome foliage. The soil 
best adapted to grow these is a mixture of sand, loam, and peat; 
and cuttings are readily rooted, if planted in sand under a hand- 
glass in heat. 
VI. GASTO'NIA (Commerson instituted this genus in honour 
of Gaston de Bourbon, son of Henry IV. of France ; a promoter 
of botany). Comm. in Juss. gen. 217. Lam. dict. 2. p. 610. 
D. C, prod. 4. p. 256. 
Lin. syst. Pentandria, Digynia. Margin of calyx entire, 
drawn out beyond the ovarium. Petals 5-16. Stamens double 
the number of the petals, 2 of which are opposite each petal. 
Ovarium 8-12-celled. Styles 8-12, short, concrete at the very 
base. Fruit 8-12-celled, 8-12-ribbed, nearly dry, ex Juss. cap- 
sular.—A tree, native of the Mauritius. Leaves impari-pinnate. 
Flowers umbellate ; umbels exinvolucrate, disposed in panicles. 
1 G. curisréner1a (Lam. dict. 2. p. 610.) h.S. Native of 
Bourbon, where it is called by the inhabitants bois d’ éponge or 
sponge-nood. G. spongidsa, Pers. ench. 2. p. 20. Araliacez, 
Sieb. fl. maur. exsic. 2. p. 197. A tall smooth tree, covered 
with spongy bark. Leaves at the tops of the branches impari- 
pinnate: with 5 coriaceous, ovate, obtuse, quite entire leaflets. 
Racemes rising under the leaves, bearing umbels, containing 
about 20 flowers each. 
Spongy- barked Gastonia. 
Cult. 
Tree tall, 
See Gastònia above for culture and propagation. 
VII. POLY'SCIAS (from roùv, poly, many, and oxu, skia, 
a shadow ; in reference to the numerous umbels). Forst. 
gen. p. 63. t. 32. Lam. dict. 5. p. 559. ill. t. 320. with a figure. 
D.C. prod. 4. p. 257. 
Lix. syst. Pent-Octdndria, Tri-Pentagynia. Margin of calyx 
short, denticulated. Petals 5-7, but usually 8, lanceolate, spread- 
ing. Stamens equal in number to the petals, and alternating 
with them. Style wanting; stigmas 3-5, short, erectly spread- 
ing. Berry globose, crowned by the margin of the calyx and 
stigmas, 4-celled, 4-seeded. Leaves pinnate. Umbels com- 
pound or verticillately proliferous; umbellules of many rays, 
flat. The rest unknown. A very doubtful genus; but probably 
only a species of Aràlia. 
1 P. pryna'ra (Forst. l.c.) h.G. Native of the islands in 
the Southern ocean. P. umbellata, Spreng. ex Steud. nom. 546. 
A plant has been sent by La Billardiére from New Zealand, 
under the name of Polzjscias, which rather disagrees with the 
description given by Forster of his plant, in the branches of the 
panicle being verticillate, and in the umbellules being 5-7- 
flowered. Margin of calyx nearly entire. Disk fleshy, cover- 
ing the ovarium. Styles 2-3, erect, approximate, acute. Leaf- 
lets oblong, obtuse at the base, and acuminated at the apex, 
with somewhat denticulated margins. 
Pinnate-leaved Polyscias. Tree or shrub. 
Cult. See Cussonia, p. 387. for culture and propagation. 
VIII. TORICE’LUIA (in honour of Dr. Toricelli, who pre- 
pared a barometer for the measurement of mountains, and there- 
fore has done something towards the geography of botany). 
D.C. prod. 4. p. 257. 
Lin. syst. Pentdndria, Tetragynia. Margin of calyx acutely 
5-toothed. Petals 5, oblong, attenuated at the base, and unci- 
nately incurved at the apex. Stamens 5; filaments very short; 
VII. Potysctas. 
VIII. Torcer.. IX. ARALIA. 
anthers ovate. Styles 4, straight, short. Berry nearly dry, 
ovate, crowned by the calyx, 4-celled. Seed unknown.—A 
small mountain shrub: with terete white glabrous branches, 
ringed with cicatrices. Leaves alternate, exstipulate, simple, 
cordate, roundish, membranous, palmately 5-nerved, coarsely 
and acutely toothed, somewhat 5-lobed, pubescent along the 
nerves and nervules ; petioles rather dilated at the base. Panicle 
terminal, many flowered. Flowers abortive or polygamous, or 
the number of parts are rather variable. This genus is nearly 
allied to Polyscias. E 
1 T. rinimrozia (D. C. prod. 4. p. 257.) h. H. Native of 
Nipaul, on the highest mountains. Sambùcus ? tiliæfòlia, Wall. 
mss. Leaves 5-6 inches in diameter, on petioles 3 inches long. 
Lime-tree-leaved Toricellia. Shrub 1 to 2 feet. 
Cult. This shrub will grow very well in the open ground, and 
it may be increased by cuttings or seeds, 
IX. ARA‘LIA (a name of unknown meaning, under which 
one species was sent to Fagon from Quebec, in 1764, by one 
Sarrazin, a French physician). D. Don, prod. fl. nep. 185. ina 
note. Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 5. p. 8. in a note. D. C. prod. 4. 
p- 257.—Aralia species of Lin. and other authors.—Aralia vere, 
Blum. bijdr. 869. ; 
Lin. syst. Penténdria, Pentagy'nia. Margin of calyx very 
short, entire or toothed. Petals 5, free, and expanded at the 
apex. Stamens 5. Styles 5, expanded, spreading divaricately. 
Berry 5-celled, usually torose. Pyrenæ chartaceous.—Herbs 
and shrubs, indigenous to North America, with compound 
leaves; and umbellate white flowers, which are usually disposed 
in panicles, 
§ 1. Unarmed species. 
1 A. xupicav'sis (Lin. spec. 393.) plant stemless ; radical pee 
one, with a trifid petiole : impari-pinnate divisions, bearing each 
ovate acute serrated leaflets ; scape trifid at the apex, mes 
than the leaf: each division bearing a many-flowered umbel, 
without any involucrum. 2%. H. Native of North America, from 
Canada to Carolina, and from Lake Huron throughout the woody 
country to lat 64°, and the Rocky Mountains; and of ne 
land. Lam. dict. 1. p. 224. Torr. f. un. st. 1. p. 327. Big. s 
bost. ed. 2. p. 122. Rafin. med. bot. 1. t.8.—Pluk. alm. t. a 
f. 5. Petals white, reflexed. Stamens exserted. „Styles 3-5, 
short, erect, distinct. The Crees use the root of this plant as 4 
remedy against the venereal disease, under the name of cone 
ootchepeh, i. e. rabbit-root ; and also they apply the bruised bar : 
of its root to recent wounds.—Richardson. The roots were = 
merly brought over and sold for sarsaparilla, and some of iE 
inhabitants of Canada make use of it as such, but it 1s very a 
ferent from the true sort. A. nudicatlis, Blum. bijdr. p- 870. 
introduced into Java from Japan, is distinct from our plant. : 
Naked-stemmed Aralia. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1731. Pii 
to 1 foot. i 
2 A. racemosa (Lin, spec. 393.) stem herbaceous, pun 
divaricately branched; petioles tripartite, the partitions bear! g 
each 3-5, ovate or cordate, acuminated, serrated, smoothie 
leaflets; peduncles axillary, and disposed in a terminal ea 
umbelliferous ; involucrum small, of few leaves. 4%. H. Native 3 
North America, from Canada to Virginia, in rocky shady gore 
tions; throughout Canada, &c. from Lake Huron to the a 
katchawan. Schkuhr, handb. 1. t. 86. Hayn. term. bot. t. Aa 
f. 5.—Corn. can. t. 75.—Moris. hist, sect. 1. t. 2. f. 9. bers 
greenish-white, spreading. Styles 5, short, erect, Lacs +h 
curved at the apex. Fruit 5-ribbed. Stamens equal in si 
to the petals. The plant is called spikenard in North ayes 
and is highly esteemed as a medicine. Axillary branches leaty. 
