398 
Cult. All the varieties of this shrub are very handsome while 
in flower and leaf, and are therefore proper for shrubberies. A 
peat or vegetable soil answers them best; and they may either be 
increased by layers put down in spring or autumn, or by seed, 
which is annually received from America. 
CORNEÆ. 
Orver CXXVI, CO'RNEÆ (this order contains plants agree- 
ing with Córnus in important characters). D. C. prod. 4. p. 271. 
—Caprifoliàceæ Córneæ, Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 430.— 
Genera of Caprifoliàceæ, Juss. 
Calyx having the tube adnate to the ovarium; and the 
limb superior and 4-lobed (f. 71. c.). Petals 4, oblong, broad 
at the base, inserted in the upper part of the tube of the 
calyx, regular, valvate in æstivation. Stamens 4, inserted with 
the petals, and alternating with them; anthers ovate-oblong, 2- 
celled. Style filiform; stigma simple. Drupe baccate, crowned 
by the vestiges of the calyx, containing a 2-celled nucleus. Seed 
pendulous, solitary in the cells. Albumen fleshy. Embryo with 
a superior radicle, which is shorter than the two oblong cotyle- 
dons.—Trees and shrubs, rarely herbs. Leaves of all opposite, 
except in one species of the genus Córnus, entire or toothed, 
feather-nerved. Flowers capitate, umbellate or corymbose, 
naked or involucrated, rarely dioecious from abortion. Flesh or 
pulp of fruit edible. 
This order agrees with Hamamelidee, and C'aprifoliàceæ, tribe 
Sambicee ; but differs from the first in the estivation of the 
petals being truly valvate; in the stamens not being double the 
number of the petals ; in the style being simple, not double ; in 
the fruit being drupaceous, not capsular; and in the albumen 
being fleshy, not horny, &c. From Sambicee@ it differs in the 
corolla being polypetalous, not gamopetalous ; in the parts of the 
flower being quaternary, not quinary; in the style being ex- 
serted, not wanting; in the stigmas being 2, not 3, and in the 
fruit being drupaceous, not baccate, &e. Cérnee differs from 
Loranthacee in the stamens alternating with the petals, not op- 
posite them, 
All the genera of this order have more or less astringent bark ; 
that of Cornus flérida is used in North America in intermittent 
fevers, as is also that of Cérnus sericea, which, according to Bar- 
ton, is scarcely inferior to quinquina. 
Synopsis of the genera. 
1 Cornus. Limb of calyx 4-toothed (f. 71. c.). Drupe 
baccate, marked by the vestiges of the calyx, containing a 2-cell- 
ed, rarely 3-celled nucleus. 
2 Voromrta. Tube of calyx turbinate; limb 4-toothed. 
Anthers approximating into a tube, and terminated by a thin 
membrane. Stigmas 4, oblong. Drupe crowned by the calyx, 
1-celled, 
3 Masrixta. Limb of calyx 4-5-toothed. Stamens 4-5; 
anthers didymous. Style short, girded by a disk; stigma ob- 
tuse. Drupe umbilicate, containing a 1-seeded nucleus. 
4 Potydsma, Limb of calyx 4-toothed. Petals sometimes 
joined at the base. Anthers 2-celled. Stigma truncate. Drupe 
containing a l-seeded nucleus, 
I. Cornus. 
I. CO’RNUS (from cornu, a horn; the wood being thought 
to be as hard and as durable as horn. Its value as a material 
for warlike instruments has been celebrated by Virgil.—Bona 
bello cornus). Tourn. inst. 641. t. 410. Lin. gen. no. 149. Gaertn, 
fruct. t. 26. D. C. prod. 4. p. 271. 
Lin. syst. Tetrándria, Monogynia. Tube of calyx adher- 
ing to the ovarium; limb small, 4-toothed (f. 71.c.). Petals 
4, oblong, sessile; valvate in æstivation. Stamens 4. Style 
1. Drupe baccate, marked by the vestiges of the calyx, 
containing a 2-celled, rarely 3-celled nucleus. Seed solitary, 
pendulous. Albumen fleshy. Radicle of embryo shorter than 
the cotyledons.—Trees and shrubs, sometimes low herbs. 
Leaves all opposite, except in the first species, entire, feather- 
nerved. Flowers sometimes capitate and umbellate, involu- 
crated ; sometimes corymbose and panicled, without involucra. 
Petals white, rarely yellow. 
§ 1. Nudiflore (from nudus, naked, and flos, a flower; in 
allusion to the flowers being exinvolucrate). D.C. prod. 4..p. 
271. Flowers corymbose or panicled, exinvolucrate. 
* Leaves alternate. 
1 C. ALTERNIFÒLIA (Lin. fil. suppl. p. 125.) leaves alternate, 
ovate, acute, hoary beneath; corymbs depressed, spreading ; 
branches warted. h. H. Native of North America, from 
Canada to Carolina, in shady woods on river banks. Lher. corn. 
no. 11. Guimp. abb. holz. t. 43. Schmidt, arb. 2. t. 70. C. 
altérna, Marsh. Berries purple, globose, about the size of a 
grain of pepper. Leaves on long petioles. Branches green or 
reddish-brown. 
Alternate-leaved Dogwood. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1760. Tree 
15 to 20 feet. 
* * Leaves opposite. 
2 C. panicura'ra (Lher. corn. no. 10. t. 5.) branches aie 
leaves ovate, acuminated, glabrous, hoary beneath; corym”s 
thyrsoid ; ovarium silky. h.H. Native of North ama 
from Canada to Carolina, rare, in swamps and near rivulets 
among other bushes. Schmidt, arb. 2. t. 68. C. iE 
Lam. dict. 2. p. 116. C. fémina, Mill. dict. no. 4. C. citrif - 
Hort. par. Branches pale-purplish. Berries roundish, det 
sed, watery, white, 3 lines in diameter. The dots on the unde 
side of the leaves, which are only seen through a lens, bear 
bicuspidate short adpressed hairs. Tube of calyx pubescent. : 
Var. B, álbida (Ehrh. beitr. 4. p. 16.) leaves elliptic-lanceo 
late. 
Var. y, radiata (Pursh. fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 109.) racemes 
sterile, foliiferous. 58 
Panicled-flowered Dogwood. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1758. 
Shrub 4 to 6 feet. 
3 C. Totucce’nsis (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. p P: 
430.) branches dichotomous, spreading; leaves ovate-ob Ta 
narrowly acuminated, puberulous on both surfaces, paler ; 
neath; cymes lateral, naked. p. H. Native of Mexico, . 
the higher plains about the city of Tolucea. Very like C. Pi 
culàla. Compare Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnæa. 5- Pe M 
in which place there is a species described which was fou H 
about Jalapa, and which is probably referrible to the presé 
plant. 
Tolucca Dogwood. Tree or shrub. b 
4 C. optoxea (Wall. in Roxb. fi. ind. 1. p. 432.) leaves re 
long, acuminated, acute at the base, glaucous and rather ee 
beneath, with many excavated glands along the axils of the af 
and nerves; corymbs spreading, panicled. k. H. pest 
Nipaul, about Narainhetty, Katmandu, and the valley -o aa 
C. paniculata, Hamilt. ex D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p- 140. y ae 
shoots clothed with short adpressed hair. Leaves 4-6 mc 
