CORNEZ. 
long, and 1 to 14 inch broad; petioles about an inch long. 
Flowers white or pale-purplish, fragrant. Calyx clothed with 
adpressed silvery hairs, as well as the pedicels and petals. Drupe 
ovate-oblong. Ovarium 8-celled. 
Oblong-leaved Dogwood. Clt. 1818. Tree 10 to 15 feet. 
_5 C. srarcra (Lam. dict. 3. p. 116.) branches straight, fas- 
tigiate ; leaves ovate, acuminated, glabrous, green on both sur- 
faces, when young hardly pubescent beneath; corymbs convex, 
somewhat panicled. .H. Native of North America, from 
Carolina to Canada, on the banks of rivers, frequent; also of 
Mexico, between Tampico and Real del Monte. Lher. corn. 
no. 9. t, 4. Schmidt, arb. 2. t. 67. C. fastigiata, Michx. fl. bor. 
amer, 1. p. 92. C. sanguinea, Walt. but not of Lin. C. cya- 
nocarpos, Gmel, syst. veg. 1. p. 257. C. Canadénsis, Hort. par. 
C. cærùlea, Meerb. icon. 3. but not of Lam. Branches reddish- 
brown. Anthers blue. Berries globose, soft, blue on the out- 
side, but white inside, 
Var. P, variegdta ; leaves variegated with white or yellow. 
Straight-branched Dogwood. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1758. 
Shrub 6 to 10 feet. 
6 C. sancvinea (Lin. spec. p. 171.) branches straight ; 
leaves ovate, acute, smooth and green on both surfaces; co- 
tymbs flat. h.H. Native of Europe and the north of Africa, 
in hedges and thickets, especially on a chalk and limestone soil, 
common ; plentiful in Britain in like situations. It is also said 
to grow in North America near the Lakes of Canada and New 
York, but has probably been introduced there. Smith, engl. 
bot. t. 249. Fl. dan. 481.—Duham. arb. 1. t. 75.—C. fémina, 
Rai, syn. 460. Ger. emac. 1467. with a figure. Virga sangui- 
nea, Matth. valgr. 1. p. 236. with a figure. Cam. epit. 159. with 
a figure. Branches of a dark-red when full grown. Leaves 
2-3 inches long. Flowers greenish-white, unpleasantly scented ; 
petals revolute at the sides. Fruit dark-purple, very bitter. 
Matthiolus records that an oil is obtained from the berries by 
Pressure, after they have first been boiled, which is used for 
amps in the country near Trent. The shrub, after a smothered 
combustion, affords a charcoal, esteemed the best for entering 
mto the composition of gunpowder. It has a variety of names 
ri different parts of the kingdom, as female cornel, dogberry-tree, 
ound’s-tree, prickwood, from its use in making skewers, gaten or 
§aten-tree, gater or gater-tree. The wood was formerly made 
use of for cart timber and rustic instruments, &c. Mr. Miller 
informs us, that in his time the fruit was often brought to the 
markets, and sold for those of buckthorn. 
Bloody-branched Dogwood or Wild Cornel-tree. Fl. June, 
ritam. Shrub 4 to 5 feet. 
7 C. Pu’rsun; branches straight; leaves ovate, green on 
both surfaces, and pubescent ; corymbs spreading. R. H. Na- 
tive of North America, near the lakes of Canada and New York. 
+ sanguínea, Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 109. Schmidt, arb. 2. 
t. 66. Flowers with yellow anthers. Berries dark-brown. This 
differs from the C. sanguínea of Europe in the leaves being pu- 
Scent, and in stature. 
Pursh’s Dogwood or Cornel. Fi. June, July. Sh. 8 to 12 ft. 
. 8 C. exce’tsa (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 430.) 
ranches spreading ; branchlets pubescent ; leaves ovate, acumi- 
nated, pubescent and paler beneath, and with minute scattered 
pili above ; cymes naked, spreading. h. H. Native about the 
tity of Mexico. Allied to C. sanguinea. 
Tall Dogwood. Tree. 
9 C. a’rga (Lin. mant. p. 40.) branches recurved ; branchlets 
glabrous; leaves ovate, acute, pubescent, hoary beneath ; 
one depressed. .H. Native of Siberia, at the rivers 
by and Irtysch, among bushes, &c.; North America, from 
'ginia to Canada, on the banks of rivers and lakes; and of 
orth California, Pall. fl. ross. 1. t. 34. C. stolonifera, Michx. 
399 
fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 109. C. Sibirica, Lodd. C. Tatárica, Mill. 
fig. 104.—Amm. ruth. t. 32. Branches of a fine red colour. 
Berries white or bluish-white. 
Var. B, circinnàta ; leaves larger, more hairy beneath. h. H. 
Native throughout Canada, and from Lake Huron to north lat. 
69°, Newfoundland, and the north-west coast of America. C. 
circinnata, Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 3. p. 139. The berries 
are lead-coloured according to Dr. Richardson, who further says, 
sthey are named by the Crees musquameena, because the bears 
fatten upon them, and meethquan-y ttick and meenisan 
(red stick berry), and that pigeons are fond of them. 
White-berried Dogwood. Fl. May, July. Clt.1741. Shrub 
4 to 10 feet. 
10 C. sericea (L'Her. corn. no, 6. t. 2.) branches spreading ; 
branchlets woolly ; leaves ovate, acuminated, clothed with rusty 
pubescence beneath ; corymbs depressed, woolly ; nucleus com- 
pressed. h. H. Native of North America, from Canada to 
Carolina, in swampy woods and on river banks. Schmidt, arb. 
2.t. 64. C. lanugindsa, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 92. C. alba, 
Walt. fl. car. 88. but not of Lin. C. cærùlea, Lam. dict. 2. p. 
116. C.amdmum, Duroi, harbk. 1. p. 165. C. rubigindsa, 
Ehrh. beitr. 4. p. 15. C. ferruginea, Hort. par. C. candidis- 
sima, Mill. C. cyanocérpos, Meench, but not of Gmel. Berries 
bright blue, globose. 
Var. B, oblongifolia (D. C. prod. 4. p. 272.) leaves oblong, 
glabrous above. kh.H. C. oblongifolia, Rafin. in litt. 
Var. y, asperifolia (D. C. prod. 4. p. 272.) leaves oval, acu- 
minated, rough above from minute stiff pubescence, and rather 
tomentose beneath. h.H. Native of Lower Carolina, in shady 
woods. C. asperifdlia, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 93. 
Silky Dogwood. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1683. Shrub 5 to 
8 feet. 
11 C. crrcrnna'ra (L'Her. corn. p. 7. no. 8. t. 3.) branches 
warted; leaves broadly oval, acuminated, clothed with hoary 
tomentum beneath; corymbs depressed, spreading. k. 
Native of North America, from Canada to Virginia, on the 
banks of rivers, and probably of California, ex Cham. and 
Schlecht. in Linnæa. 3. p. 139. Schmidt, arb. 2. t. 69. C, tomen- 
tosula, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p.91. C. rugosa, Lam. dict. 2. 
p. 115. C. Virginiana, Hort. par. Branches slightly tinged 
with red. Leaves broad, waved on their edges. Flowers white 
as in most of the species. Berries globose, at first blue, but at 
length becoming white. 
Rounded-leaved Dogwood. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1784. Shrub 
5 to 10 feet. 
12 C. macrorny'LLA (Wall. in Roxb, fl. ind. 1. p. 433.) 
branches smooth; leaves broad-ovate, acuminated, rounded at 
the base, smooth, glaucous and soft beneath, with the axils 
slightly glandular; corymbs umbellate ; flowers racemose along 
the branches of the corymb, and secund. h. H. Native of 
Nipaul, near Saharumpore and Sirinagur, and at Kamaon. 
Leaves with adpressed bristles, 6 inches long, and 4 inches 
broad, pale beneath; the bristles fixed by the centre, and there- 
fore bicuspidate, but are only to be seen through a lens. Ova- 
rium hairy. Berries round, smooth, about the size of a grain of 
black pepper. 
Long-leaved Dogwood. Shrub. 
I. Cornus. 
§ 2. Involucrate (from involucra, an involucrum; the heads 
of flowers are surrounded by an involucrum). D. C. prod. 4. p. 
273, Flowers disposed in heads (f. 71. b.) or umbels, surrounded 
by coloured involucra, which are usually composed of 4 leaves (f. 
71. a.). 
* Trees, with white capitate flowers. 
13 C. carıra`ra (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 1. p. 434.) branches 
