434 CHLORANTHE. 
3 Hepvyésmum. Flowers monoecious. Male aments oblong, 
naked ; anthers numerous, closely imbricated. Female flowers 
in racemes, with a tridentate calyx. Drupe trigonal, 1-seeded, 
clothed by the baccate calyx. É 
I. CHLORA'NTHUS (from yAwpoc, chloros, green, and av- 
oc, anthos, a flower ; the flowers are green). Swartz, in phil. 
trans, 77. p. 359. Lher. sert. angl. 1. p. 35. R. Brown, in bot. 
mag. 2190. Blum. fi. jav. 1. p. 7.—Nigrina, Thunb. nov. gen. 
p. 58. fl. jap. p. 65.—Créodus, Lour. coch. p. 89. Ascarina 
species, Blum. enum. pl. jav. 1. p. 79.—Cryphæ'a, Hamilt. in 
edinb. phil. journ. 1825. vol. 2. p. 9. 
Lix. syst. Monándria, Monogynia, R. Br. Gynándria, Tri- 
ándria, Spreng. Calyx tridentate or wanting. Corolla wanting. 
Anther seated on the side of the ovarium, undivided, and 2- 
celled, or trilobed and 4-celled : in the latter case the middle 
lobe alone is perfect and 2-celled, while the 2 lateral lobes are 
imperfect and only 1-celled. Ovarium 1-seeded: ovulum pen- 
dulous ; stigma capitate. Drupe 1-seeded.—Small subherba- 
ceous shrubs: with opposite toothed leaves, and slender spikes 
of inconspicuous flowers. 
1 C. orricina‘iis (Blum. enum. pl. jav. 1. p. 79. fl. jav. 1. 
p. 10. t. 1.) stem suffruticose ; leaves oval-oblong, or lanceo- 
late, the superior ones more acuminated than the rest; spikes 
branched, terminal; anther 3-lobed: middle lobe perfect and 
2-celled : lateral ones imperfect and 1-celled. h. G. Native 
of Java, in high mountain woods. Stradpha Noronha, ined. 
Berries white. The plant has an aromatic and fragrant smell, 
and is a stimulant of the highest order. It is used in medicine 
by the Javanese. 
Officinal Chloranthus or Chu-Lan. Shrub 3 to 4 feet. 
2 C. sracuy’stacnys (Blum. fl. jav. 1. p. 13. t. 2.) stem 
suffruticose ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminated at both ends, 
serrated ; spikes branched, terminal; anther undivided, 2- 
celled. h.G. Native of Java, in the provinces of Bamtam 
and Krawang, in woods on the higher mountains. Ascarina 
serrata, Blum. enum. pl. jav. 1. p. 180. 
Short-spiked Chioranthus or Chu-Lan. Shrub 2 to 3 feet. 
3 C. mono’sracuys (R. Br. in bot. mag. t. 2190. Lindl. coll. 
t. 171.) stem suffruticose; leaves elliptic, serrated, acuminated ; 
spikes solitary, simple; flowers alternate ; anther incurved, 3- 
lobed: the middle lobe 2-celled and perfect, and the lateral 
lobes 1-celled and imperfect. h.G. Native of China. Flowers 
yellowish. 
One-spiked Chloranthus or Chu-Lan. 
1819. Shrub 1 to 2 feet. 
4 C. inconsricuus (Swartz, in phil. trans. vol. 77. p. 359. t. 
15.) suffruticose ; leaves ovate-oblong, obtuse, serrated, pale 
beneath ; spikes axillary, branched: branches alternate ; flowers 
opposite ; anther 3-lobed: middle lobe perfect and 2-celled, the 
lateral ones imperfect and 1-celled. kh. G. Native of China 
and Japan. Nigrina spicata, Thunb. fl. jap. p. 65. 
Inconspicuous Chloranthus or Chu-Lan. F]. April, Sept. Cit. 
1781. Shrub 1 foot. S 
5 C. mona’nper (R. Br. in bot. mag. under no. 2190.) spikes 
brachiate ; flowers opposite? anther undivided, 2-celled, perfect. 
hb. G. Native of China. 
Monandrous Chloranthus or Chu-Lan,. 
Shrub 1 to 14 foot. 
6 C. eva‘tior (R. Br. |. c.) shrubby ; leaves oblong-lanceo- 
late, serrated, petiolate: spikes slender, long, reflexed, crowded, 
nearly terminal; anther 3-lobed, the middle lobe perfect, 2- 
celled, the lateral lobes imperfect and 1-celled. h.G. Native 
of China and Cochinchina. Créodus odorifer, Lour. coch. p 
89. Flowers small, yellow, sweet-scented. Branches long, 
Fl. Feb. May. 
FE June. Cit. 1817. 
I. CHLoORANTHUS. 
Clit. 
II. Ascarina. IJI. Hepyosmum. 
somewhat scandent. In Cochinchina this plant is grown in gar- 
dens for the sake of the scent of the flowers. 
Taller Chloranthus or Chu-Lan. Shrub 6 feet. 
7 C. serra`rus (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3, p. 461.) leaves 
ovate-oblong, acute, doubly serrated; spikes brachiate, axillary. 
hk. G. Native of Japan, in the interior of the islands. Nigrìna 
serrata, Thunb. act. ups. t. 7. p. 142. t. 5. f. 1. Stem simple, 
about a foot high. Leaves a hand long, having the serratures 
acute. 
Serrated-leaved Chloranthus or Chu-Lan. Pl. 1 foot. 
Cult. A mixture of loam, sand, and a little peat, is a good 
soil for the species of Chlordnthus ; and they are easily in- 
creased by cuttings under a hand-glass, or by suckers. 
Il. ASCARTNA (from aoxapıc, ascaris, ascarides, or small 
round worms; the name is applied to this genus because the 
anthers are formed like small worms). Forst. char. gen. t. 59., 
Lin. syst. Monéndria, Monogynia. Spikes filiform, dioeci- 
ous. Perianthium a very short scale. Filament short ; anther 
oblong, 4-furrowed, and probably 4-celled. Style wanting: 
stigma somewhat 3-lobed, adnate to the ovarium.—A tree, with 
oblong-serrated stalked leaves, and sheathing stipulas at the base 
of the petioles. ; 
1 A. porysra‘cuya (Forst. ].¢.) h. G. Native of the Society 
Islands. 
Many-spiked Ascarina. Tree. ? 
Cult. See Chlorénthus above for culture and propagation. 
II. HEDYO’SMUM (from dv, hedy, sweetness, and oop 
osme, a smell; the plants are sweet-scented). Humb. et boy 
nov. gen. 7. p. 634, 635. Swartz, fl. ind. 2. p. 957. t. 8. Schreb. 
gen. 2. p. 1453.—Tafilla, Ruiz et Pav. fl. per. j 
Lin. syst. Polyándria, Monogýnia. Flowers monoecious. 
Male aments oblong, naked, without scales and perianthia. 
Filaments none; anthers numerous, closely imbricated, oblong, 
2-celled, furnished with a mucronate process. Female flowers 
with a monophyllous tridentate calyx. Style very short, ms 
trous: stigma simple, obtuse. Drupe trigonal, 1-seeded, mae 
ed by the baccate calyx.—Small shrubs, with opposite branche 
and leaves. Leaves serrated. Flowers monoecious, male ones 
disposed in aments, and the female ones in racemes. #6.) 
1 H. nv‘rans (Swartz, fl. ind. occid. 2. p. 959. prod. P. | Je 
frutescent ; branches lax ; leaves lanceolate, acuminated ; petioles 
short, connate on both sides from stipulaceous membranous 
sheaths at the base, which are retuse and ciliated on the margins: 
h.G. Native of Jamaica, in woods, on the highest Sen 
Shrub branched. Branchlets tetragonal, jointed, rising ai 
the axils of the sheaths of the petioles. Leaves serrated, Ae 
green. Male aments pedunculate, oblong, nutant, filiform, g 
from the sheaths of the petioles. Female racemes termina re 
axillary from the same axils as the male ones, usually enper 
Calyx tridentate. Drupe triquetrous, hard, shining, brown, 
clothed by the roundish, scarlet, fleshy calyx. 
has a grateful smell, and an aromatic hot taste. — 
Nodding-spiked Hedyosmum. Shrub 1 to 4 feet. as 
2 H. racemésa; leaves oblong, serrated, short-acuminat of 
female peduncles twin, racemose, flexuous. Rh. G. Na 
Peru, at Cuchero and Pillao, where it is called Carpales 2 
Aytacupi. Tafalla racemosa, Ruiz et Pav. fl. per. syst. P- “be 
There is a white pellucid sweet-scented resin issues from 
plant, which has the scent of gum-anime. . 
Racemose-flowered Hedyosmum. Tree 15 feet. soe 
3 H. argore'scens (Swartz, fl. ind. occ. 2. p. 961. Pi o 
84.) arborescent ; branches straight, erect ; leaves ovate- =i ae 
late; sheaths of petioles cucullate, bidentate ; male a pe 
long, usually twin; female racemes tripartite. R. G. 
The whole plant 
Pa 
