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RUBIACEÆ. LXXVII. OLDENLANDIA. 
He- 
Spreng. pug. 2. p. 34. 
tothe leaves. ©. F. Native of Tranquebar and Java. 
dyòtis pumila, Lin. fil. suppl. 119. 
bijdr. p. 971. Flowers white. 
Dwarf Oldenlandia. Pl. decumbent. 
13 O. rxiro'riia (D. C. 1. c.) leaves linear, attenuated at both 
ends ; peduncles 1-flowered, longer than the leaves. ©.? F. 
Native of the East Indies. Hedyòtis linifdlia, Willd. mss. in 
Reem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 526. The rest unknown. 
Flax-leaved Oldenlandia. Pl. decumbent. 
14 O. virea‘ta (D. C. I. c.) plant very slender, glabrous ; 
stems tetragonal; leaves linear; stipulas furnished with very 
short bristles, at length truncate ; peduncles twin, 1-flowered, 
elongated: the ultimate ones disposed into a kind of terminal pa- 
nicle; pedicels opposite, from the axils of the bracteas, longer 
than them, and about equal in length to the internodes. ©. F. 
Native of Guinea (ex Willd.), in the rice-fields of Casamancia 
and Gambia (ex Perrottet and Leprieur), and Sierra Leone (ex 
Smeathmann). Hedystis virgata, Willd. spec. 1. p. 167. 
Schum. pl. guin. p. 69.? Flowers and fruit very small. Leaves 
8-9 inches long. Stamens a little exserted. 
Twiggy Oldenlandia. PI. 4 foot. 
15 O, aser’ruLæ (D. C. l. c.) plant glabrous; stem erect, 
branched, tetragonal; leaves distant, linear, ciliated at the base ; 
stipulas entire, cupular, truncate; pedicels straight, 1-flowered, 
rising from the axils of the upper leaves, which are almost 
abortive. ©.? F. Native of Ceylon, where it was collected 
by Leschenault. Habit almost of the species of Aspérula. 
Corolla greenish in the dried state, also glabrous in the throat, 
4-cleft. Anthers pedicellate, shorter than the lobes of the co- 
rolla. Stigmas 2, elongated. Capsule oblong. Seeds minute. 
Lobes of calyx short, distant. Perhaps this plant ought to be 
removed from the genus. 
Woodroof-like Oldenlandia. Pl. 4 foot. 
16 O. pirru'sa (Roxb. fl. ind. 1. p. 444.) stem terete, flaccid, 
spreading, scabrous; leaves linear-lanceolate, acute, smooth; 
stipulas at length of many bristles ; peduncles axillary, 1-flow- 
ered, 4-times shorter than the leaves. ©.F. Native of the 
East Indies, at Banda. Corolla smooth, white. Stigma pro- 
foundly bifid. Capsule roundish. Perhaps only a variety of 
O. biflora. 
Diffuse Oldenlandia. Pl. diffuse. 
Fl. Ju. Aug. Cit. 1821. 
** Peduncles 2-8 or many-flonercd. 
i 17 o. BIFLÒRA (Lin. spec. 174.) stems erect, weak, scabrous ; 
eaves linear-lanceolate, rather scabrous while young ; stipulas 
membranous, lanceolate, with ciliated fringed edges ; peduncles 
axillary, shorter than the leaves, 2-3-flowered: corolla glabrous 
mside; anthers length of the lobes of the corolla. ©. F. 
Native of the East Indies, Philippine Islands; and of Guinea, at 
ape Coast, plentiful in the rainy season. Roxb. fl. ind. 1. p. 
445, Hedyòtis bifldra, Smith, in Rees’s cycl. 17. no. 15. Spreng. 
pug. 2. p. 31. Horn. hort. hafn. 1. p. 130. Gerontdgea 
biflora, Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 4. p- 155. Hedyotis 
diffisa, Willd. spec. 1, p. 566. Old. dichdtoma, Willd. herb. ex 
ham. et Schlecht. Burm. fl. zeyl.t.11. Flowers small, white. 
Two-flowered Oldenlandia. Fl. Ju. Aug. Cit. 1821. Pl. 3 ft. 
18 O. ALSINIFOLIA; glabrous; leaves membranous, lanceo- 
late, tapering to both ends; peduncles axillary, few-flowered ; 
stipulas bristly at top; teeth of calyx distant. ©. F. Native 
of Pulo-Penang. Hedyòtis alsinifdlia, R. Br. in Wall. cat. no. 
873. _ Plant diffuse. 
Chickweed-leaved Oldenlandia. Pl. 4 to 4 foot. 
19 O. sracuy’ropa; plant glabrous, diffusely branched ; 
leaves linear, with revolute edges; peduncles short, axillary, 
bearing at the top an umbel of short pedicellate flowers, or the 
VOL, III. 
529 
pedicels solitary and axillary. ©. F. Native of the Island of 
Singapore. Hedyotis brachypoda, R. Br. in Wall. cat. no. 874. 
Short-peduncled Oldenlandia. Pl. diffuse, 4 foot. 
20 O Burmannia‘na; plant glabrous, diffuse ; stems quad- 
rangular ; leaves linear; pedicels short, axillary, twin, or soli- 
tary. ©. F. Native of the East Indies. Hedyòtis Burmanniana, 
R. Br. in Wall. cat. no. 868. Old..bifléra, Roxb. but not of Lin. 
Burmann’s Oldenlandia. Pl. 4 to 1 foot. 
21 O. tonerroxta (D.C. prod. 4. p. 426.) plant procumbent, 
glabrous, branched; branches diverging; leaves linear, rather 
papillose : upper ones with scabrous margins; stipulas ciliated 
a little; peduncles elongated, axillary, 2-flowered: but the 
terminal ones are 3-flowered. ©. F. Native of Guinea. 
Hedyòtis longifolia, Schum. pl. guin. p. 70. Flowers small, 
white. 
Long-leaved Oldenlandia. Pl. procumbent. 
22 O. cRYsSTA'LLINA (Roxb. fl. ind. 1. p. 443.) plant diffuse, 
much branched; stems tetragonal; leaves sessile, lanceolate- 
oblong, marked with crystalline dots beneath; stipulas joined 
to the petioles, many-toothed ; peduncles axillary, 2-flowered, 
one half shorter than the leaves; throat of corolla pilose. ©. 
F. Native of Bengal. This plant is very distinct from O. 
pumila and O. biflora. 
Crystalline-dotted Oldenlandia. PI. diffuse. 
23 O. corymso'sa (Lin. spec. p. 174.) plant glabrous, erect, 
or diffuse ; stems tetragonal, smooth; leaves linear-lanceolate ; 
stipulas joined to the petioles, membranous, each furnished with 
3 bristles; peduncles axillary, 2-5-flowered ; flowers disposed 
in umbellate corymbs; throat of corolla bearded; anthers a 
little exserted ; stigma sub-capitate. ©.F. Native of Guiana, 
and elsewhere in South America; also of the west coast of 
Africa, at Cape Verd, near Kounoun, and of the Moluccas. 
Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 4. p. 156.—Plum. ed. Burm. 
t. 212. f. 1. Flowers small, white. There are varieties of this 
species, having the peduncles either longer or shorter than the 
leaves. Hedydtis corymbosa, Spreng. is very different from 
this plant. 
Corymbose-flowered Oldenlandia. Fl. Ju. Aug. Clt. 1739. 
Pl. diffuse or $ foot high. 
24 O. ramo'sa (Roxb. fl. ind. 1. p. 445.) plant diffuse, gla- 
brous, branched ; stems tetragonal; leaves sessile, linear-lan- 
ceolate, paler beneath; stipulas membranous, joined to the 
petioles, furnished with 3-4 bristles each ; peduncles axillary, 
3-5-flowered; corolla roundish, with a bearded throat. ©. F. 
Native of Pegu and the west of Java. Hedydtis ramésa, Blum. 
bijdr. p. 973. Flowers small, white ; anthers blue (ex Roxb.). 
Branched Oldenlandia. P}. diffuse. 
25 O. UMBELLA`TA (Lin. spec. 174.) stem diffuse, tetragonal, 
smoothish; leaves narrow-linear, acute, with revolute margins, 
rather scabrous above and paler beneath ; stipulas joined to the 
petioles, ciliated by bristles ; peduncles axillary, umbelliferous. 
4.8. Native of Java and Coromandel, in sandy places; and 
probably on the west coast of Africa, at Joal; and of Mexico. 
Burm. fl. ind. p. 37. Roxb. fl. cor. 1. t. 3. Root long, orange- 
coloured; in the cultivated sort it is longish with few fibres. 
Stem in the cultivated plant erect and terete, from 4 to 1 foot 
high, and branched: in the wild kind there is hardly any stem, 
but many scraggy branches. Flowers small, white ; the whole 
forming a panicle composed of small 3-cleft umbellets. This 
plant is cultivated on the coast of Coromandel, where its roots 
descend to a great depth in the sand. It is used in dying red, 
purple, a deep clear brown orange, and to paint the red figures 
on chintz, of all which Dr. Roxburgh has given a full account 
in his pl. cor. 1. p. 2. t. 8. and also Dr. Anderson, in trans. roy. 
soc. edinb. 1792. p. 16. 
The woody part of the Chay or Che root, as it is called, is 
3Y 
