530 
white and tasteless; it is the bark only that is possessed of the 
colouring principle; when fresh it is orange-coloured, tinges 
the spittle yellow, and leaves a slight degree of acrimony on the 
point of the tongue, for some hours after chewing; to appear- 
ance it loses its yellow colour on drying, but still retains the 
above property on being chewed. It impregnates cold water or 
spirits with a straw-colour, and to boiling water it gives a 
brownish porter colour. The watery infusions and spirituous 
tinctures are changed into a bright and deep red by alkaline 
substances, and are rendered paler or nearly destroyed by acids. 
The colouring powers of this root are said to improve by keep- 
ing 3 or 4 years. When the wild sort can be had in any quan- 
tity, it is esteemed one-third or fourth stronger, and yields a 
better colour ; and when these roots can be had of two years’ 
growth they are reckoned still better. This plant is the T'sheri- 
vello of the Telingas; and the Saya-ver or Imburel of the 
Tamuls. The Telinga physicians do not give any part of the 
plant a place in their Materia Medica; but the Malabar phy- 
sicians say that the roots cure poisonous bites, colds, and cuta- 
neous disorders, and warm the constitution. 
Umbel-flowered Oldenlandia or Indian Madder. 
Aug. Clt. 1792. Pl. 4 to 1 foot. 
26 O. PUBE'RULA ; downy in every part; leaves linear-lan- 
ceolate, mucronate ; peduncles axillary or from the forks of 
the stems, bearing each a simple umbel of flowers, or 3 pedun- 
culate umbels of flowers, rising from 2 leaves. ©.H. Na- 
tive of the East Indies. O. pubérula, R. Br. in Wall. cat. 
no. 884, 
Donny Oldenlandia. Pl. 4 foot. 
27 O. capitia‘ris (D.C. prod. 4. p. 426.) stem ascending, 
teretely tetragonal, and rather scabrous along the angles, much 
branched ; leaves linear-lanceolate, rather scabrous; stipulas 
small, with setaceous bristles ; peduncles axillary and terminal, 
loosely panicled, longer than the leaves, very slender, 2-4-6- 
flowered ; flowers opposite, on long pedicel. ©.F. Native 
of Madras. Corolla small, tubular. Capsule globose, glabrous. 
Capillary Oldenlandia. Pl. 4 foot. 
28 O. pPanicuLa`ra (Lin. spec. p. 1667.) plant glabrous, 
erectish, branched ; branches tetragonal; leaves ovate-lanceo- 
late ; stipulas small, undivided ; racemes axillary and terminal, 
almost naked; pedicels longer than the leaves ; corolla with a 
gibbous tube and a villous throat. &. S. Native of the East 
Indies, Moluccas, and Philippines.—Burm. fi. ind. 38. t. 15. 
f. 1. Hedyòtis racemòsa, Lam. dict. 3. p. 76. ill. t. 62. f. 2. 
Leaves smooth. Flowers small. Hedyòtis dichótoma, Cav. 
icon. 6. p. 573. f. 2. and H. mèdia, Cav. icon. 6. p. 574. f. 1. 
according to Bartling is probably distinct from this. Flowers 
small, red, on long pedicels. 
Var. B, arenarioides (D. C. prod. 4. p. 427.) leaves lanceo- 
late, acuminated; .stiffish. &. S. Native of the coral island 
Radak. Gerontògea racemòsa, Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnæa. 4. 
p. 155. Habit of Arenària trinérvia. 
Panicled Oldenlandia. PI. creeping. 
29 O. penTAa'NDRA (D.C. prod. 4. p. 427.) plant procum- 
bent, glabrous; leaves lanceolate, cordate at the base, or ovate- 
oblong, sessile, discoloured ; racemes axillary, naked ; flowers 
pentamerous.— Native of Guinea. Hedyòtis pentándra, Schum. 
pl. guin. p. 71. 
Pentandrous Oldenlandia. Pl. procumbent. 
30 O. muttirto'ra (Cav. icon. 6. p. 53. t. 574. f. 2.) gla- 
brous; stem branched, furrowed, ascending; leaves sessile, 
ovate-oblong; stipulas small, undivided; panicles axillary, 
opposite, and terminal, many-flowered: peduncles 3-flowered, 
elongated.—Native of the Philippine Islands, about Manilla, not 
of the Friendly Islands, as said by Poiret and Roemer. Very 
nearly allied to O. paniculata. 
Fl. July, 
RUBIACEX. LXXVII. OLDENLANDIA. 
Many-flowered Oldenlandia. PI. 14 foot. 
31 O. crassiro'L1A (Bartl. in herb, Hænke, under Hedyatis) 
plant glabrous, suffruticose, diffuse; branches tetragonal; 
- leaves ovate or oblong, obtuse, fleshy; peduncles axillary and 
terminal, 3-flowered, usually shorter than the leaves ; pedicels 
shorter than the flowers ; segments of calyx lanceolate, short, 
—Native of the Island of Luzon, one of the Philippines. 
Thick-leaved Oldenlandia. Pl. diffuse. 
82 O. stricuto'sa (Bartl. in herb. Henke, under Hedyòtis, 
ex D. C. l. c.) plant herbaceous, branched, erectish ; leaves 
obovate-oblong, beset with very minute callous dots above, and 
with adpressed strigæ beneath; stipulas undivided, linear-subu- 
late; peduncles axillary and terminal, longer than the leaves, 
8-flowered; pedicels hardly any; calycine segments ovate- 
triangular.—Native of the Island of Mariane. 
Strigulose Oldenlandia. Pl. 4 foot. 
33 G. ovatiro'nia (D. C. prod. 4. p. 427.) plant almost 
stemless, villous; stem short, simple; leaves ovate, ciliated, on 
short petioles, white beneath; peduncles 3-4 together, rising ` 
from the top of the stem, trichotomous, slender, twice the length 
of the leaves. ©. F. Native of the Philippine Islands at 
Manilla, Hedyòtis ovalifolia, Cav. icon. 6. p. 52. t. 573. P 
Spreng. syst. 1. p. 414. Corolla pale red, hardly a line long. 
Stamens exserted. 
Ovate-leaved Oldenlandia. PI. 4 foot. 
34 O. arata (Keen. in Roxb. fi. ind. 1. p. 442.) plant gla- 
brous, erect; stem tetragonal, branched ; leaves almost sessile, 
elliptic-oblong, smooth, rather fleshy; stipulas broad, erosely 
toothed, obtuse; panicle terminal, leafy; corolla ventricose, 
with the throat closed by villi; capsule somewhat compressed, 
furnished with a somewhat winged nerve on both sides. ©. F. 
Native of the East Indies, Java, Timor, &c. on the edges of 
rice-fields. Old. alata, Wall. in herb. Puer. Hedyotis ramo- 
sissima, Blum. bijdr. p. 972. but not of Fisch. Perhaps Hedy- 
dtis paniculata, Lam. ill. 1412. but the figure in Burm. ind. t. 
71. f. 2. cited for this plant has 5-cleft flowers, and is conse- 
quently not it. From the capsules being furnished with a some- 
what winged nerve on each side, it comes very near to the genus 
Gonothéca. Flowers small, white. 
Winged-nerved-capsuled Oldenlandia. P1. 4 foot. ee 
35 O. macropny’tta (Lepr. et Perr. mss. under Beis 
ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 427.) plant glabrous, erect, branche ? 
leaves sessile, lanceolate, acuminated : stipulas undivided ; Pe 
duncles axillary, racemose, longer than the leaves; pedicels in 4- 
opposite pairs.—Native of the Gambia, in rice-fields at Albreda, 
where it was collected by Leprieur and Perrottet. Ale 
O. alata. Capsule somewhat turbinate, and probably furnis' 
with a nerved wing on each side. 
Long-leaved Oldenlandia. PI. 4 foot. : 59 
36 O. ra'crea (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 4. ik ; 
under Gerontògea) stem terete, pubescent; leaves linear-tan- 
ceolate, acute at both ends, flat; stipulas bidentate, scarious ; 
peduncles terminal; corollas villous inside ; anthers, oblong, 
exserted. ©.F. Native of the East Indies. Hedyòus ag 
Willd. enum. hort. berol. 1. p. 149. H. cymdsa, Spreng. sy®* 
1. p. 413.2? Flowers cream-coloured. 
Milk-coloured-flowered Oldenlandia. Pl. 4 foot. A 
37 O. ra@'twa (Forst. prod. p. 55.) plant suffruticose ; leave 
spatulate ; stipulas almost entire ; corymbs trichotomous. ; He 
S. Native of the Island of Tongatabu. Hedyotis foe ct 
Spreng. pug. 2: p. 28. Gerontdgea foe’tida, Cham. et Schlee 7 
in Linnæa. 4. p. 154. The leaves in Forster’s specimen @ 
elliptic and acute. 
Fetid Oldenlandia. PI. 4 foot. 169 
38 O. microrus'ca (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnza. 4. p. ii 
under Gerontdgea) plant herbaceous, erect, much branched; 
