564 RUBIACEH. CXLII. Canruium. 
axillary, solitary, longer than the leaves. kh. S. Native of 
the Island of Luzon, one of the Philippines. Teeth of calyx 
subulate. Corolla pale purple, with a woolly throat, and 5 
lanceolate, very acute segments. Filaments shorter than the 
corolla. Berry ovate, sub-compressed. This shrub is perhaps 
generically distinct from Canthium. 
Peduncular Canthium. Shrub 8 to 10 feet. 
18 C. rycroipes (A. Rich, diss. p. 108.) spines supra-axillary, 
simple ; leaves small, oblong-oval, acuminated, rather hairy ; 
stipulas broad, ending in a long abrupt point at the apex; 
flowers axillary, pedunculate, solitary. h. S. Native of 
Manilla. Habit of a species of Lycium. The rest unknown. 
Lycium-like Canthium. Shrub. 
19 C. Cutne'ysr (Pers. ench. 1. p. 200.) shrub thorny ; 
leaves obovate; flowers sessile, hairy. kh. G. Native of 
China, at Macao; and of Madras. Gardénia spindsa, Thunb. 
diss. gard. no, 7. t. 2. f. 4. exclusive of the synonymes. Willd. 
spec. 1. p. 1229. Rándia spinosa, Poir. dict. 2. p. 829. 
Leaves many from the buds under the spines, glabrous. Co- 
rolla white, a little longer than the calyx, with ovate, obtuse, 
spreading segments. Stigma clavate. This plant does not 
probably belong to Canthium. 
China Canthium. Fl. Ju. Aug. Clt. 1800. Sh. 5 to8 ft. 
20 C. sca’'npENs (Blum. bijdr. p. 966.) climbing; spines 
divaricate or recurved; leaves on short petioles, oblong, acu- 
minated, downy beneath as well as on the branches; flowers 
disposed in axillary fascicles ; fruit didymous. kh. J.S. Na- 
tive of the Island of Nusa-Kambanga, near Java, among bushes. 
Thorns much shorter than the leaves, straight, or a little re- 
curved, but sometimes wanting on the branchlets. Fruit rather 
rugged, like that of Psy‘draz. 
Climbing Canthium. Shrub cl. 
Secr. If. Pxreuroca’srer (from màevpov, pleuron, a side, 
and yaornp, gaster, a belly ; the cicatrice occasioned by the fall- 
ing of the flower is left at one side of the fruit). D.C. diss. 
ined. acad. sc. par. 1806. prod. 4. p. 475. Mature fruit 1- 
celled, furnished with the floral cicatrice on one side at the base. 
21 C. anomoca’rpum (D. C. prod. 4. p. 475.) glabrous; 
branches divaricate, and probably at length becoming spines- 
cent ; leaves oval, acuminated, on short petioles; pedicels slen- 
der, elongated, 1-flowered, corymbose, usually deflexed, rising 
from the axils of the superior leaves. .S. Native of Sierra 
Leone, where it was collected by Smeathmann; and of the 
Gambia, at Albreda. This plant comes near to Plectrdnia ven- 
tòsa, from the singularity of the fruit. 
Anomalous-fruited Canthium. Shrub. 
Cult. For culture and propagation see Chiocécca, p. 569. 
CXLIII. PLECTRO'NIA (from xAnerpov, plecktron, a whip ; 
in reference to the square branches). Lin. mant. p. 6. no. 1249. 
Lam. ill. t. 146. A. Rich, mem. soc. hist. nat. par. 5. p. 189. 
but not of Burm. nor Lour.—Rhamnus species, Burm. 
Lin. syst. Tetrándria, Monogynia. Calyx with an obo- 
vate or oblong tube, and a 5-toothed limb. Teeth very short, 
acutish. Corolla short, rather funnel-shaped, with a 5-parted 
limb, and a bearded throat; segments acute, reflexed. Sta- 
mens 5, inserted in the throat, a little exserted. Style short; 
stigma sub-capitate, of 2 approximate lamella. Berry dry, 
naked at the apex, emarginate, obovate-oblong, compressed, 
didymous, containing 2 chartaceously coriaceous, 1-seeded, inde- 
hiscent pyrene, which are flat inside. —Small African trees, with 
opposite, sub-spinose branches. Leaves opposite, petiolate, 
elliptic, acute at both ends, rather coriaceous, pale beneath. 
Stipulas solitary on each side, apiculated. Peduncles axillary, 
short, solitary, racemose, or corymbose ; pedicels about equal in 
CXLIII. Precrronia. 
CXLIV. Psyprax. 
length to the fruit, slender.—This genus, along with Damna- 
canthus, Psy drax, and Canthium ought probably to be united. 
1 P. venro'sa (Lin. mant. p. 52.) branchlets glabrous, tetra- 
gonal; stipulas 3 times shorter than the petioles; peduncles 
many-flowered, corymbose. h. S. Native of the Cape of 
Good Hope, in woods much exposed to the wind. Serissa 
Capénsis, Thunb. fl. cap. p. 193. exclusive of the syn. of Willd, 
Cruse, rub. cap. p. 21. 24. t. 2. Canthium Thunbergidnum, 
Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 4. p. 130. Plectronia corym- 
bosa, A. Rich. l. c.—Burm. afr. p. 257. t. 94. Flowers greenish 
white. 
Windy Plectronia. Clt. 1816. Tree. : 
2 P. Mapacascarte’nsis (A. Rich. in mem. soc. hist. nat. 
Par. 5. p. 189.) branchlets glabrous, compressed ; pedicels axil- 
lary, 1-flowered. h.S. Native of Madagascar, where it was 
collected by M. Chapelier. The whole shrub is glabrous. 
Leaves oval, attenuated at the base, petiolate. Stipulas short, 
acuminated, deciduous. Flowers unknown. Fruit obovate, 
emarginate at the apex, and probably obcordate and compressed, 
usually 1-celled by abortion. 
Madagascar Plectronia. Shrub or tree. i 
3 P. nirsu’ra (D.C. prod. 4. p. 476.) branchlets villous; 
leaves villous beneath ; stipulas length of petioles. h. S. Native 
of Senegal, by the sides of woods near Dagana, where it was 
collected by Leprieur and Perrottet. Canthium Senegalénse, 
A. Rich. l.c. p.188. Branches terete, divaricate, spreading, 
forming straight angles. Peduncles axillary, villous, compressed, 
corymbose at the apex. Berry 2-celled, emarginate at the apex ; 
but one of the cells is usually abortive, in this case the fruit be- 
comes 1-celled, and the umbilicus lateral, which is indicated by 
the permanent 5-toothed calyx. 
Hairy Plectronia. Shrub 4 to 6 feet. Z 
Cult. See Chiococca, p. 569. for culture and propagation. 
CXLIV. PSY'DRAX (from yvòðpaxec, psydrakes, pustule ; 
in allusion to the fruit, which are warted). Geertn. fruct. 1. p- 
125. t. 26. f. 2. A. Rich. mem. soc. hist. nat. Par. 5. p. 190. 
D. C. prod. 4. p. 476. 
Lin. syst. Pentdéndria, Monogy'nia. i 
tube, and a 5-toothed deciduous limb. Corolla with a short 
tube, a hairy throat, and 5 oval acute reflexed lobes. Stamens 
inclosed, inserted at’the throat. Style much exserted ; stigma 
bilamellate. Berries fleshy, areolate at the apex, obovate, pean 
pressed, wrinkled from tubercles, marked by a furrow on bot 
sides, 2-celled, containing usually 2, rarely 3 pyrene; ti 
oblong, scabrous from wrinkles, 1-seeded, marked by a i 
furrow, and an umbilicus in the middle. Seeds bony, filling t Š 
pyrenæ. Albumen amygdalaceous, scrobiculate. Embryo a 
verted, filiform, curved into the form of a Greek sigma, ler 
linear cotyledons. —Shrubs,with opposite ovate leaves, and Ea ag 
racemes of small flowers. This genus, from the hard fruit = 
often 3-celled, and from the form of the embryo, almost agree 
with the tribe Guettardacee. oh tee 
1 P. pico'ccos (Geertn. fruct. 1. p. 125, t. 26. f. 2.) pie 
elliptic, long-acuminated, gradually tapering mto the = 
petioles at the base ; stipulas lanceolate, acute, permanent ; gee 
pedunculate, branched ; fruit rather heart-shaped. R. S. 
tive of Ceylon. 
Two-seeded Psydrax. 
Calyx with an obovate 
Shrub. 
2 P. maor (A.Rich. l. e. p. 191.) leaves elliptic, os ant 
petioles, short-acuminated ; stipulas semi-oval, bluntish ; cy 
bp- S- a Native 6 
edunculate, simple; fruit heart-shaped. k i 3 
Mae Very like the preceding species, but differs in of 
broader leaves with shorter points, caducous stipulas, simp 
cymes, and larger fruit. 
Larger Psydrax. Shrub, 
