610 
CLXXXII. CEPHALA'NTHUS (from «egadn, kephale, a 
head, and ay@oc, anthos, a flower; in allusion to the flowers 
being disposed in globular heads). Lin. gen. no. 113. Geertn. 
fruct. 2. t. 86. Lam. ill. t. 59. Juss. mem. mus. 6. p. 402. 
Rich. diss. with a figure. D. C. prod. 4. p. 538. 
Lin. syst. Tetrándria, Monogynia. Calyx with an obversely 
pyramidal tube, and an angular 4-toothed limb. Corolla with a 
slender tube, and a 4-cleft limb; lobes erectish. Stamens 4, 
short, inserted in the upper part of. the tube, hardly exserted. 
Style much exserted; stigma capitate. Fruit inversely pyra- 
midal, crowned by the limb of the calyx, 2-4? celled, and sepa- 
rating into 2-4? parts; cells or parts 1-seeded, indehiscent, and 
sometimes empty by abortion. Seeds oblong, terminating in a 
little callous bladder. Albumen somewhat cartilaginous. Em- 
bryo inverted in the albumen, with a superior radicle.—-Shrubs, 
with terete branches, Leaves opposite or 3 in a whorl. Stipulas 
short, distinct, or a little combined. Peduncles naked, rising 
from the axils of the upper leaves, or from the tops of the 
branches. Heads globose, in consequence of the flowers being 
sessile, and seated on a spherical piliferous receptacle.—This 
genus is badly defined, and should probably be reduced to the 
American species, which have the fruit 2-celled and 2-seeded, 
and the rest should probably be thrown back into the genus 
Spermacoce. 
Secr. I. Pratanoce’puatus (from xAaravoc, platanos, the 
plane-tree, and xegadyn, kephale, a head; the heads of flowers 
resemble those of the plane-tree). D.C. prod. 4. p. 538.— 
Platanocéphalus, Vaill. act. acad. par. 1722. Glands none in 
the calyx nor corolla.—American species. 
1 C. occrpenTa‘tis (Lin. spec. 138.) leaves opposite or 3 in 
a whorl, ovate or oval, acuminated ; peduncles much longer than 
the heads, usually by threes at the tops of the branches. h.S. 
Native of North America, from Canada to Florida, in marshy 
places. Duham. arb. 1. t. 54. Schkuhr, handb. t. 21. and t. 5. 
h. fruit. Lois. herb. amat. t. 272.—Pluk. alm. 336. t. 77. f. 4. 
C. oppositifolius, Moench. meth. p. 487. Petioles reddish next 
the branches. Heads of flowers globular, size of a marble. 
Flowers whitish-yellow. There are varieties of this species hav- 
ing the branchlets and young leaves either glabrous or downy. 
Var. B, brachypodus (D.C. prod. 4. p. 539.) leaves elliptic- 
oblong, 3 in a whorl, on short petioles. h.G. Native of the 
North of Mexico, near Rio de la Trinité and Bejar, where it was 
eollected by Berlandier. Petioles 3-4 lines long. There are 
varieties of this with either glabrous or downy branches. 
Western Button-wood. Fl, July, Aug. Clt. 1735. Shrub 
6 to 8 feet. > 
2 C. Sara’np1 (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnæa. 2. p. 610. and 
4. p. 147.) leaves opposite or 3 in a whorl, oblong, acuminated, 
on very short petioles; peduncles hardly longer than the heads, 
3-5-together at the tops of the branches. h.S. Native of the 
south of Brazil, where it is called Sarandi by the natives, and 
where it was collected by Sello ; common on the coasts of La Plata 
and Caraccas; and of Peru,ex Henke. Biddlea glabrata, Spreng. 
syst. 1. p. 431. ex Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. Glabrous. 
Leaves lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, red beneath while young, 
and hairy in the axils of the secondary veins. Heads of flowers 
verticillate in the axils of the upper leaves, and umbellate at the 
tops of the branches, much smaller than those of the first species. 
Sarandi Button-wood. Shrub 10 to 15 feet. 
3 C. saxicirétivs (Humb. et Bonpl. pl. equin. 2. p. 63. t. 98.) 
leaves opposite or 3 in a whorl, linear-lanceolate, on very short 
petioles; heads of flowers on long peduncles, terminal, solitary, 
k.S. Native of Mexico, near Acapulco. Stipulas linear-su- 
bulate, permanent, twin on both sides. Heads of flowers white. 
Willow-leaved Button-wood. Shrub 10 feet. 
RUBIACEZ. CLXXXII. CEPHALANTHUS. 
Sect. I]. Naucrroipes (from Nauclea and idea, like; the 
species resemble species of the genus Naucléa). D.C. prod. 4. 
p. 539. Glands in the recesses between the lobes of the calyx 
and corolla.—Indian species. 4 
4 C. naucreoives (D. C. prod. 4. p. 539.) leaves opposite or 
3-4 in a whorl, ovate-lanceolate, acuminated, on short petioles, 
villous beneath, and on the branchlets ; stipulas intrafoliaceous, 
acuminated; heads terminal, subverticillate. .S. Native of 
the East Indies, in Silhet. Naucléa tetrandra, Roxb. fl. ind. 2, 
p. 125. Peduncles terminal, from 3 to 4 in whorled panicles. 
Flowers yellow, intermixed with filiform clavate scales. Capsules 
turbinate, 2-celled, 2-seeded ; the cells 2-valved. According to 
Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 4. p. 147. this species is more 
nearly allied to Cephaldnthus than to Nauclea, from the tetrame- 
rous flowers, and single seeded cells of the fruit. 
Nauclea-like Button-wood. Tree 10 to 20 feet. 
+ Asiatic species not sufficiently knonn, and probably ought to 
be excluded from the genus altogether. 
5 C.? prpu’tirer (Lam. dict. 1. p. 679.) leaves opposite, ap- 
proximate, ovate, bluntly acuminated, smooth on very short 
petioles; peduncles axillary, leafy, a little shorter than the 
leaves. h.S. Native of the East Indies. Fruit and number 
of the parts of the flowers unknown. Leaves hardly 2 inches 
long. Heads of flowers hardly the size of peas. 
Pill-bearing Button-wood. Shrub. 
6 C.? rrurrròrus (Willd, mss. in Roem. et Schultes, a 
3. p. 525.) leaves elliptic, tapering to both ends, bluntish ; hea í 
of flowers terminal and axillary, numerous. h. S. Native o 
Asia. The rest unknown. 
Pill-flowered Button-wood. Shrub. i 
7 C.? orxTa'tis (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 105. but 
not of Lin.) arboreous; leaves opposite or 3 na whorl, oa 
acuminated, reflexed, glabrous; peduncles terminal, divi ed; 
fruit baccate. h.S. Native of China. C. occidentalis, Lour. 
coch. p. 67. but not of Lin. Acródryon orientàle, Spreng. syst. 
1. p. 386. A large tree. Flowers white, tetramerous, an 
tetrandrous. Berries 1-seeded, red, edible. Perhaps a species 
of Morinda. According to Sprengel, this with the ol 
species will constitute a distinct genus, which he has calec 
Acrédryon. 
Eastern Button-wood. Tree large. . 
8 C.? ancustirérivs (Lour. coch. p. 67.) arboreous ; pect 
opposite, lanceolate-linear ; heads of flowers terminal ; lobes 
calyx subulate, beset with glandular hairs ; fruit baceate. R: : 
Native of Cochin-china. Acrédryon angustifolium, Spreng. ie Š 
1. p. 386. Receptacle of flowers villous. Flowers pale, ar 
merous and tetrandrous. Berries roundish, crowned, 2-cé of 
1-seeded, aggregate into a globose head. Perhaps a gee 5 
Morinda, or perhaps will form a distinct genus along wit 
preceding species. 
Narrow-leaved Button-wood. Tree. 
++ The two following species should be removed from the 
order altogether. 
9 C.? procu’mBEns (Lour. coch. p. 67.) stem procumbent, 
leaves alternate, ovate-lanceolate, tomentose ; racemes termin if 
interrupted; flowers 5-cleft, dicecious. R. G. manv 
Cochinchina. Stilbe procúmbens, Spreng. syst. 1. P pular 
Flowers violaceous. The female flowers on a naked gos i 
receptacle. - Flowers numerous, on long peduncles, pees 
ball or head. Stigma simple. This plant ought evident y 
excluded from the order, but it is hardly a species of Stilbe. 
Procumbent Button-wood. Shrub procumbent. 
1 
