RUBIACEH. CLXXXIII. Democrirea. 
10 C.? monta‘nus (Lour. coch. 67.) arboreous ; leaves alter- 
nate, ovate, acuminated, rough above, and tomentose beneath ; 
peduncles axillary, solitary ; flowers apetalous, dioecious, 4-cleft ; 
seeds or fruit pappose. h. G. Native of China. Flowers 
green, on solitary axillary peduncles, forming round heads, on 
naked globular receptacles. 
Mountain Button-wood. Tree large. 
Cult. The first species, C. occidentalis, being hardy, is a 
very proper plant for the fronts of shrubberies. It thrives best 
in a peat soil ; and is readily increased by layering, or by ripened 
cuttings under a hand-glass. The rest of the species being ten- 
der, their culture and propagation are the same as that recom- 
mended for Psychétria, p. 599. . 
_ Susrrize II. EUSPERMACO'CEE (the genera contained 
in this subtribe agree with Spermacoce in the distinct flowers, 
and divisible fruit), D. C. prod. 4. p. 540.—Spermacocee, 
.B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 341. Flowers distinct. 
Fruit dry, usually separable into 2 parts, rarely into 3 or 4 
parts. 3 
CLXXXIII. DEMOCRI'TEA (so named from Democritis, 
an ancient philosopher). D. C. prod. 4. p. 540. 
Lin. syst. Pentándria, Monogynia. Calyx with a turbinate 
rather angular tube, and 5 lanceolate acute stiff lobes. Corolla, 
Stamens, and stigma unknown. Fruit adnate to the tube of 
the calyx and membranous pericarp at first, but at length 
becoming ruptured, 2-seeded, 2-celled while young, but 
at length only 1-celled from the dissepiment having vanished. 
Seeds free within the pericarp, flat inside, and convex outside. 
Albumen fleshy. Embryo erect, central—A Chinese shrub, 
with the habit of Serissa. Flowers unknown; but the calyx 
and fruit are very different from those of Serissa. Branches 
terete, white, when young rather downy. Leaves opposite. 
Sheaths short, combined with the petioles a little, and bearing 
each 3 stiff bristles. Flowers in fascicles at the tops of the 
branches. 
1 D. sertssoipEs (D. C. prod. 4. p. 540.) h. G. Native of 
China, where it was collected by Sir George Staunton. 
Serissa-like Democritea. Shrub 1 to 2 feet. 
Cult. A mixture of loam, peat, and sand will be the best 
soil for this little shrub; and cuttings will be easily rooted in 
sand under a hand-glass. 
_CLXXXIV. O’CTODON (from oxrw, octo, eight, and ocovc 
očovroc, odous odontos, a tooth; in allusion to the limb of the 
calyx, which is 8-toothed). Thonn. in Schum. pl. guin. p. 74. 
C. prod. 4. p. 540. 
Lin. syst. Tetrdndria, Monogynia. Calyx with a clavately 
obovate tube, and an 8-toothed limb; teeth very short, obtuse. 
Corolla campanulate, 4-cleft ; lobes acute, beset with a few glan- 
dular hairs inside. Stamens inserted in the bottom of the tube 
of the corolla. Stigma globose, obsoletely bifid. Capsule tur- 
binate, obsoletely tetragonal, 2-celled, 2-valved, dehiscing at the 
dissepiment ; cells 1-seeded; valves semi-bifid inside. Seeds 
oblong.—An erect branched glabrous herb, about a foot high. 
Stems tetragonal. Leaves filiform, elongated, acute. Stipulas 
sheathing, furnished with 3-4 bristles on each side, which are 
shorter than the sheath. Heads of flowers verticillate, terminal 
and axillary ones nearly equal, roundish.—Very nearly allied to 
Borréria ; but differs from it in the calyx being 8-toothed, and 
in the other characters indicated above. 
1 O. ritirdzium (Thonn. l. ¢.)—Native of Guinea, where it 
was collected by Thonning, and in the waters of the Senegambia 
and Gala by Leprieur and Perrottet. Spermacoce filifdlia, Perr. 
et Lepr. mss. 
Thread-leaved Octodon. PI. 1 foot. 
CLXXXIV. Ocropon. 
CLXXXV. Borrenria. 611 
Cult. See Spermacoce for culture and propagation. 
CLXXXV. BORRE‘RIA (named after William Borrer, F.L.S. 
&c. one of our first British botanists). Meyer, esseq. p. 79. 
Cham. et Schlecht: in Linnea. 3. p. 310. Spreng. neue entd. 2. 
p. 144. but not of Ach.—Bigelowia, Spreng. syst. 1. p. 394. but 
not of his neue entd. nor of others.—Chlorophytum and Sper- 
macoce, Pohl, in litt.—Spermacoce species, Lin. Lam. Spreng. 
A. Rich.—Grulhamannia, Neck. elem. no. 338. ? 
Lin. syst. Tetrdndria, Monogynia. Calyx with an ovate 
tube, and a permanent limb, which is parted into 2-4 teeth. 
Corolla salver-shaped or funnel-shaped, 4-lobed. Stamens 4, 
exserted or inclosed. Stigma bifid or undivided. Capsule 
crowned by the limb of the calyx, 2-celled, opening from the 
apex at the dissepiment when mature, but without any free dis- 
sepiment ; coccee or nuts 1-seeded, opening by a longitudinal 
chink inside. Seeds ovate-oblong, marked in front by a longi- 
tudinal furrow.—Herbs or subshrubs, nearly all natives of the 
hotter parts of America. Stems and branches usually tetragonal. 
Leaves opposite, or the young ones are disposed in fascicles in 
the axils of the old ones, and therefore appearing verticillate. 
Stipulas joined with the petioles, more or less sheathing, fringed 
by many bristles. Flowers disposed in verticillate heads in the 
axils of the leaves, or on the tops of the branches, rarely cymose 
or corymbose, small, white, rarely blue. 
§ 1. Flowers disposed in axillary and terminal verticillate 
heads: the terminal heads are girded by floral leaves, which are 
longer than them. 
* Teeth of calyx only 2. 
1 B. ctosutarioipes (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 3. p. 
312.) plant shrubby, erect, glabrous; branches somewhat tetra- 
gonal ; leaves narrow-lanceolate, acuminated, with scabrous mar- 
gins, paler beneath ; bristles of stipulas longer than the sheath ; 
heads of flowers globose, terminal or lateral; calyx bidentate ; 
genitals exserted. h.S. Native of equinoxial Brazil. Sper- 
macoce fruticdsa, Pohl, in litt. Heads of flowers a little larger 
than peas. Flowers 3 times the size of those of B. verticillata, 
white. Capsule glabrous ; nuts opening but slowly. 
Globularia-leaved Borreria. Shrub 1 to 14 foot. 
2 B. verticitia‘ta (Meyer, esseq. p. 83.) plant suffruticose, 
glabrous; branchlets tetragonal ; leaves linear-lanceolate, acu- 
minated, opposite, but appearing verticillate from the fascicles of 
young leaves in the axils ; bristles of stipulas length of sheath ; 
whorles of flowers globose, terminal, and axillary ; capsule gla- 
brous, oval, small, crowned by the bidentate calyx. h.S. Na- 
tive of Jamaica, Guiana, Brazil, Caraccas, Trinidad, &c. Sper- 
macòce verticillata var. Americana, Lin. spec. p. 148. exclusive 
of the synonymes. Bigelowia verticillata and B. commutata, 
Spreng. syst. 1. p. 404. Spermacdce mucronata, Nees, hor. 
berl. p. 49. and Spermacoce stellata, Willd. herb. ex Cham. et 
Schlecht. in Linnea. 3. p. 311. Spermacdce verticillata, Swartz, 
Pohl, Nees, and Willd., but not of Burm. Flowers white. 
Calyx sometimes furnished with accessory teeth. Seeds granular. 
Var. B; leaves more crowded, and much shorter. h. S. 
Native of Brazil, in dry places at Rio Janeiro. 
Whorled-flowered Borreria. Fl. June, July. Clit. 1732. Sh. 
2 to 3 feet. 
3 B. Konautta‘na (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 3. p. 311.) 
plant suffruticose, glabrous; branchlets tetragonal; leaves ob- 
long-linear, bluntish, mucronate, opposite, but appearing verti- 
cillate from clusters of young ones in their axils; bristles of sti- 
pulas shorter than the sheath; whorles of flowers globose, ter- 
minal, and axillary ; capsule downy, crowned by the bidentate 
calyx. h.S. Native of Senegal and Gambia; and probably 
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